tornar

See also: tørnar

Aragonese

Etymology

Inherited from Navarro-Aragonese tornar from Latin tornāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toɾˈna(ɾ)/

Verb

tornar

1. (intransitive) to return, to go/come back
2. (transitive) to return, to give back
3. to do again, to repeat [with a (+ infinitive)]

   El tornarem a fer ― We will do it again

4. (pronominal) to turn, to become

Conjugation

Conjugation of tornar (first conjugation)

infinitive			tornar
gerund			tornando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		tornau, tornato		tornada, tornata
		plural		tornaus, tornatos		tornadas, tornatas
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		yo	tú	él	nusatros nusatras	vusatros vusatras	ellos/els ellas
	present	torno	tornas	torna	tornamos	tornaz	tornan
	imperfect	tornaba, tornabe	tornabas	tornaba	tornabanos	tornabaz	tornaban
	preterite	torné	tornés	tornó	tornemos	tornez	tornoron, tornón
	future	tornaré	tornarás	tornará	tornaremos	tornarez	tornarán
	conditional	tornaría	tornarías	tornaría	tornaríanos	tornaríaz	tornarían
subjunctive		yo	tú	él	nusatros nusatras	vusatros vusatras	ellos/els ellas
	present	torne	tornes	torne	tornemos	tornez	tornen
	imperfect	tornase	tornases	tornase	tornasenos	tornasez	tornasen
imperative		—	tú	—	—	vusatros vusatras	—
		—	torna	—	—	tornaz	—

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin tornāre.

Verb

tornar (first-person singular indicative present torno, past participle tornáu)

1. to turn, turn back
2. to drive away, make something turn back

   Tórnami eses cabres, nun les dexes entrar pa equí

   Drive away those goats, don't let them come in here

3. to return, come back

   Tornaben cansaos de la folixa

   They returned tired from the party

4. to prevent, impede, keep from (doing something)
5. to block the way

   Tornólu pa echalu d'equí

   He/She blocked his way to kick him out of here

6. to protect from

   Estos calcetos nun tornen ná de fríu

   These socks don't protect anything at all from the cold

7. (reflexive) to turn, become, transform
8. to translate

Conjugation

Conjugation of tornar

infinitive		tornar
gerund		tornando
past participle		m tornáu, f tornada, n tornao, m pl tornaos, f pl tornaes
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	torno	tornes	torna	tornamos	tornáis	tornen
	imperfect	tornaba	tornabes	tornaba	tornábemos, tornábamos	tornabeis, tornabais	tornaben
	preterite	torné	tornasti, tornesti	tornó	tornemos	tornastis, tornestis	tornaron
	pluperfect	tornare, tornara	tornares, tornaras	tornare, tornara	tornáremos, tornáramos	tornareis, tornarais	tornaren, tornaran
	future	tornaré	tornarás	tornará	tornaremos	tornaréis	tornarán
	conditional	tornaría	tornaríes	tornaría	tornaríemos, tornaríamos	tornaríeis, tornaríais	tornaríen
subjunctive	present	torne	tornes, tornas	torne	tornemos	tornéis	tornen, tornan
	imperfect	tornare, tornara	tornares, tornaras	tornare, tornara	tornáremos, tornáramos	tornareis, tornarais	tornaren, tornaran
imperative		—	torna	—	—	tornái	—

Derived terms

• tornar nún

Related terms

• torna

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan tornar, from Latin tornāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [turˈna]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [torˈna]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [toɾˈnaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

tornar (first-person singular present torno, first-person singular preterite torní, past participle tornat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /o/

1. (intransitive) to return, to go/come back
2. (transitive) to return, to give back
3. to do again, to repeat [with a (+ infinitive)]

   Ho tornarem a fer ― We will do it again

4. (pronominal) to turn, to become

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tornar (first conjugation)

infinitive			tornar
gerund			tornant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		tornat		tornada
		plural		tornats		tornades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	torno	tornes	torna	tornem	torneu	tornen
	imperfect	tornava	tornaves	tornava	tornàvem	tornàveu	tornaven
	future	tornaré	tornaràs	tornarà	tornarem	tornareu	tornaran
	preterite	torní	tornares	tornà	tornàrem	tornàreu	tornaren
	conditional	tornaria	tornaries	tornaria	tornaríem	tornaríeu	tornarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	torni	tornis	torni	tornem	torneu	tornin
	imperfect	tornés	tornessis	tornés	tornéssim	tornéssiu	tornessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	torna	torni	tornem	torneu	tornin
	negative (no)	—	no tornis	no torni	no tornem	no torneu	no tornin

Derived terms

• tornar-se vermell

References

• “tornar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

From Latin tornāre (“to turn”), from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos, “carpenter's tool for drawing a circle; turning lathe”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, rub by twisting, twist, turn”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toɾˈnaɾ/

Verb

tornar (first-person singular present torno, first-person singular preterite tornei, past participle tornado)

1. (catenative) (to do something) again; to return to [with a (+ infinitive) ‘doing something’]
   • 1862, Ramón Barros Sibelo, Desdichas do meu amor:

     Acaba se por fin a noit'escura
     E o día torna a vir

     The dark night finally ends
     And the day comes again

2. (transitive) to turn
3. (transitive) to turn back
4. (transitive) to drive away

   Synonym: escorrentar

   • 1812, Ramón González Serna, Carta Recomendada:

     é ó mesmo que tornar os paxaros de un tarreo para que non coman ó grao, é deixar ó mesmo tempo portelos abertos para que ó coman os porcos

     it is the same as driving away the birds from a terrain so that they don't eat the grain, and then leaving the gates open for the pigs to do it

5. (intransitive) to be repugnant, to be disgusting

   Ese caldo torna! Está podre! ― That broth is disgusting! It's spoiled!

6. (intransitive) to return

   Synonym: volver

7. (intransitive) to change; to transform; to become

   Synonym: volver

   • c. 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 131:

     Para esto ual a çebolla assada pisada con miucas da terra et con as llesmez et con manteyga rretuda desuu, todo amasado et coyto et meixudo todo ataa que se torne espeso como jngento

     for this is valid roasted onion crushed with earthworms and with slugs and melted butter, all together, kneaded and cooked and stirred till it becomes thick as an ointment

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tornar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	tornar
Personal	tornar	tornares	tornar	tornarmos	tornardes	tornaren
Gerund
	tornando
Past participle
Masculine	tornado			tornados
Feminine	tornada			tornadas
Indicative
Present	torno	tornas	torna	tornamos	tornades	tornan
Imperfect	tornaba	tornabas	tornaba	tornabamos	tornabades	tornaban
Preterite	tornei	tornaches	tornou	tornamos	tornastes	tornaron
Pluperfect	tornara	tornaras	tornara	tornaramos	tornarades	tornaran
Future	tornarei	tornarás	tornará	tornaremos	tornaredes	tornarán
Conditional	tornaría	tornarías	tornaría	tornariamos	tornariades	tornarían
Subjunctive
Present	torne	tornes	torne	tornemos	tornedes	tornen
Imperfect	tornase	tornases	tornase	tornásemos	tornásedes	tornasen
Future	tornar	tornares	tornar	tornarmos	tornardes	tornaren
Imperative
Affirmative		torna	torne	tornemos	tornade	tornen
Negative (non)		non tornes	non torne	non tornemos	non tornedes	non tornen

    Reintegrated conjugation of tornar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	tornar
Personal	tornar	tornares	tornar	tornarmos	tornardes	tornarem
Gerund
	tornando
Past participle
Masculine	tornado			tornados
Feminine	tornada			tornadas
Indicative
Present	torno	tornas	torna	tornamos	tornades, tornais	tornam
Imperfect	tornava	tornavas	tornava	tornávamos	tornávades, tornáveis, tornávais1	tornavam
Preterite	tornei	tornaste, tornache1	tornou	tornamos	tornastes	tornárom, tornaram
Pluperfect	tornara	tornaras	tornara	tornáramos	tornárades, tornáreis, tornárais1	tornaram
Future	tornarei	tornarás	tornará	tornaremos	tornaredes, tornareis	tornarám, tornarão
Conditional	tornaria	tornarias	tornaria	tornaríamos	tornaríades, tornaríeis, tornaríais1	tornariam
Subjunctive
Present	torne	tornes	torne	tornemos	tornedes, torneis	tornem
Imperfect	tornasse	tornasses	tornasse	tornássemos	tornássedes, tornásseis	tornassem
Future	tornar	tornares	tornar	tornarmos	tornardes	tornarem
Imperative
Affirmative		torna	torne	tornemos	tornade, tornai	tornem
Negative (nom)		nom tornes	nom torne	nom tornemos	nom tornedes, nom torneis	nom tornem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• tornadoira
• tornadoiro
• Tornadoiro
• tornafogo
• tornapeixes
• tornarratos
• tornaviaxe
• tornaxeira
• torneira
• torneiro
• Torneiros

 

Related terms

• torna
• torno

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “tornar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “tornar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “tornar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “tornar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “tornar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “tornar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “tornar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Italian

Verb

tornar (apocopated)

1. Apocopic form of tornare

Ladino

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish tornar, from Latin tornāre.

Verb

tornar (Latin spelling)

1. to turn, rotate
2. to come back, to return

Related terms

• tornar atrás (“go back, return, retreat”)
• tornar en si (“come to one's senses”)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

tornar m

1. indefinite plural of torn

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan tornar, from Latin tornāre.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

tornar (Gascony, Languedoc)

1. to return; to come back

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• i tornar
• tornar a son èsser
• tornar a son item
• tornar brida
• tornar sul rèire-pè

 

Further reading

• Patric Guilhemjoan, Diccionari elementari occitan-francés francés-occitan (gascon), 2005, Orthez, per noste, 2005, →ISBN, p. 132
• Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 670.

Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin tornāre.

Verb

tornar

1. (transitive) to turn (to rotate or reorient)
2. (intransitive) to turn into [with en ‘something’]

Descendants

• Catalan: tornar

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese tornar, from Latin tornāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /toʁˈna(ʁ)/ [toɦˈna(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /toʁˈna(ʁ)/ [toɦˈna(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /toɾˈna(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /toʁˈna(ʁ)/ [toʁˈna(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /toɻˈna(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuɾˈnaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuɾˈnaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuɾˈna.ɾi/

• (Northeast Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɔɦˈna(h)/
• (Rural Central Brazil) IPA^(key): /tuɹˈna(ɹ)/
• Hyphenation: tor‧nar

Verb

tornar (first-person singular present torno, first-person singular preterite tornei, past participle tornado)

2. (ditransitive) to make (to cause to be)

   A recessão tornou tudo caro. ― The recession made everything expensive.

4. (pronominal) to become; to turn into

   Synonyms: ficar, transformar-se em, virar

   De novo, através da investigação, torna-se claro. ― Again, by investigation, it becomes clear.

   O príncipe tornou-se um sapo. ― The prince became a toad.

6. (intransitive) to return; to come back [with a ‘to a prior location’]

   Synonyms: retornar, voltar

   Precisamos tornar imediatamente! ― We need to return immediately!

8. (transitive) to return (to give back) [with direct object ‘something’ and a ‘to someone’]

   Synonyms: devolver, restituir, retornar

   O ladrão não quis tornar as joias aos donos. ― The thief didn’t want to return the jewels to the owners.

10. (auxiliary) to (do) again; to return to [with a (+ infinitive) ‘doing something’]

    Ele tornou a roubar depois que saiu da cadeia. ― He returned to stealing after he got out of jail.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tornar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	tornar
Personal	tornar	tornares	tornar	tornarmos	tornardes	tornarem
Gerund
	tornando
Past participle
Masculine	tornado			tornados
Feminine	tornada			tornadas
Indicative
Present	torno	tornas	torna	tornamos	tornais	tornam
Imperfect	tornava	tornavas	tornava	tornávamos	tornáveis	tornavam
Preterite	tornei	tornaste	tornou	tornamos1, tornámos2	tornastes	tornaram
Pluperfect	tornara	tornaras	tornara	tornáramos	tornáreis	tornaram
Future	tornarei	tornarás	tornará	tornaremos	tornareis	tornarão
Conditional	tornaria	tornarias	tornaria	tornaríamos	tornaríeis	tornariam
Subjunctive
Present	torne	tornes	torne	tornemos	torneis	tornem
Imperfect	tornasse	tornasses	tornasse	tornássemos	tornásseis	tornassem
Future	tornar	tornares	tornar	tornarmos	tornardes	tornarem
Imperative
Affirmative		torna	torne	tornemos	tornai	tornem
Negative (não)		não tornes	não torne	não tornemos	não torneis	não tornem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Descendants

• Macanese: tornâ

Further reading

• “tornar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “tornar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
• “tornar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin tornāre. Cognate with English turn.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toɾˈnaɾ/ [t̪oɾˈnaɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: tor‧nar

Verb

tornar (first-person singular present torno, first-person singular preterite torné, past participle tornado)

1. (transitive) to return

   Synonym: devolver

2. (intransitive) to come back; to go back

   Synonyms: regresar, retornar, volver

   • 1877, Benito Pérez Galdós, Gloria:

     Como además vieron al doctor Sedeño abstraído en la lectura de los periódicos políticos, tornaron al jardín.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. (transitive) to put back
4. (transitive) to change
5. (catenative) to (do) again [with a (+ infinitive) ‘do something’]
6. (intransitive) to revive (to recover from a state of unconsciousness)
7. (reflexive) to become (e.g. change in a characteristic, nature of something or status)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tornar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			tornar
gerund			tornando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		tornado		tornada
		plural		tornados		tornadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	torno	tornastú tornásvos	torna	tornamos	tornáis	tornan
	imperfect	tornaba	tornabas	tornaba	tornábamos	tornabais	tornaban
	preterite	torné	tornaste	tornó	tornamos	tornasteis	tornaron
	future	tornaré	tornarás	tornará	tornaremos	tornaréis	tornarán
	conditional	tornaría	tornarías	tornaría	tornaríamos	tornaríais	tornarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	torne	tornestú tornésvos2	torne	tornemos	tornéis	tornen
	imperfect (ra)	tornara	tornaras	tornara	tornáramos	tornarais	tornaran
	imperfect (se)	tornase	tornases	tornase	tornásemos	tornaseis	tornasen
	future1	tornare	tornares	tornare	tornáremos	tornareis	tornaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		tornatú tornávos	torne	tornemos	tornad	tornen
	negative		no tornes	no torne	no tornemos	no tornéis	no tornen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of tornar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive tornar	dative	tornarme	tornarte	tornarle, tornarse	tornarnos	tornaros	tornarles, tornarse
	accusative	tornarme	tornarte	tornarlo, tornarla, tornarse	tornarnos	tornaros	tornarlos, tornarlas, tornarse
with gerund tornando	dative	tornándome	tornándote	tornándole, tornándose	tornándonos	tornándoos	tornándoles, tornándose
	accusative	tornándome	tornándote	tornándolo, tornándola, tornándose	tornándonos	tornándoos	tornándolos, tornándolas, tornándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative torna	dative	tórname	tórnate	tórnale	tórnanos	not used	tórnales
	accusative	tórname	tórnate	tórnalo, tórnala	tórnanos	not used	tórnalos, tórnalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative torná	dative	torname	tornate	tornale	tornanos	not used	tornales
	accusative	torname	tornate	tornalo, tornala	tornanos	not used	tornalos, tornalas
with formal second-person singular imperative torne	dative	tórneme	not used	tórnele, tórnese	tórnenos	not used	tórneles
	accusative	tórneme	not used	tórnelo, tórnela, tórnese	tórnenos	not used	tórnelos, tórnelas
with first-person plural imperative tornemos	dative	not used	tornémoste	tornémosle	tornémonos	tornémoos	tornémosles
	accusative	not used	tornémoste	tornémoslo, tornémosla	tornémonos	tornémoos	tornémoslos, tornémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative tornad	dative	tornadme	not used	tornadle	tornadnos	tornaos	tornadles
	accusative	tornadme	not used	tornadlo, tornadla	tornadnos	tornaos	tornadlos, tornadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative tornen	dative	tórnenme	not used	tórnenle	tórnennos	not used	tórnenles, tórnense
	accusative	tórnenme	not used	tórnenlo, tórnenla	tórnennos	not used	tórnenlos, tórnenlas, tórnense

Related terms

• contorno
• entorno
• retornar
• tornado
• tornamesas
• tornillo
• torniquete
• torno
• trastorno

 

Further reading

• “tornar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Swedish

Verb

tornar

1. present indicative of torna

Anagrams

• tronar

Venetan

Etymology

From Latin tornāre. Compare Italian tornare.

Verb

tornar

1. (transitive, intransitive) to return

Conjugation

* Venetan conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of tornar (first conjugation)

infinitive	tornar
auxiliary verb		aver	gerund		tornando
past participle		tornà
person	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	mi	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
present	torno	(te) torni	(el/ła) torna	tornémo, tornòn	torné	(i/łe) torna
imperfect	tornava	(te) tornavi	(el/ła) tornava	tornàvimo	tornavi	(i/łe) tornava
future	tornarò	(te) tornarè	(el/ła) tornarà	tornarémo	tornarè	(i/łe) tornarà
conditional	tornarìa	(te) tornarisi	(el/ła) tornarìa	tornarìsimo	tornarisi	(i/łe) tornarìa
subjunctive	che mi	che ti	che eło / eła	che noialtri / noialtre	che voialtri / voialtre	che łuri / łore
present	torne, torna	(te) torni	(el/ła) torne, (el/ła) torna	tornémo, tornone	torné	(i/łe) torne, (i/łe) torna
imperfect	tornase	(te) tornasi	(el/ła) tornase	tornàsimo	tornasi	(i/łe) tornase
imperative	—	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
	—	(te) torna	(el/ła) torna, (el/ła) torne	tornémo	torné	(i/łe) torna, (i/łe) torne