See also: Underground

English

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Etymology

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    From Middle English undergrounde (adverb), equivalent to under +‎ ground or under- +‎ ground. Compare Dutch ondergrond, ondergronds, German Untergrund, Danish undergrunds.

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    underground (comparative more underground, superlative most underground)

    1. (not comparable) Below the ground; below the surface of the Earth.
      Synonyms: subterranean, hypogean
      There is an underground tunnel that takes you across the river.
      • 2014 June 14, “It's a gas”, in The Economist[1], volume 411, number 8891:
        One of the hidden glories of Victorian engineering is proper drains. Isolating a city’s effluent and shipping it away in underground sewers has probably saved more lives than any medical procedure except vaccination.
    2. (figurative) Hidden, furtive, secretive.
      Synonyms: see Thesaurus:hidden, Thesaurus:covert
      These criminals operate through an underground network.
    3. (of music, art etc.) Outside the mainstream, especially unofficial and hidden from the authorities.
      Synonyms: unconventional, alternative
      Antonym: mainstream
      underground music
      • 1991, Stephen Fry, The Liar, page 27:
        [] he wrote to me last week telling me about an incredible bitch of a row blazing there on account of someone having been and gone and produced an unofficial magazine called Raddled, full of obscene libellous Oz-like filth. And what I though, what Sammy and I thought, was—why not?’ ‘Why not what?’ said Tom. ‘Why not do the same thing here?’ ‘You mean an underground magazine?’ ‘Yup.’
      • 2010 March 20, James Campbell, “Barry Miles: 'I think of the 60s as a supermarket of ideas. We were looking for new ways to live'”, in The Guardian[2]:
        "In many ways, it showed there was no longer an underground, as such. This proved that there was no longer one society with everyone agreeing how to live . . . The underground had officially come above ground, and consequently no longer existed."

    Derived terms

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    Translations

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    Adverb

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    underground (comparative more underground, superlative most underground)

    1. Below the ground.
      Synonym: below ground
      The tunnel goes underground at this point.
    2. Secretly.
      Synonyms: clandestinely, in secret, on the quiet

    Translations

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    Noun

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    underground (plural undergrounds)

     
     
    English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia
    1. (geography) Regions beneath the surface of the earth, both natural (eg. caves) and man-made (eg. mines).
    2. (chiefly British) Synonym of subway: a railway that is under the ground.
      Synonym: underground railway
      London Underground
    3. (with definite article) A movement or organisation of people who resist political convention.
      Synonym: resistance
      the French underground during World War II
    4. (with definite article) A movement or organisation of people who resist artistic convention.
      Synonyms: avant-garde, counterculture

    Translations

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    Verb

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    underground (third-person singular simple present undergrounds, present participle undergrounding, simple past and past participle undergrounded)

    1. To route electricity distribution cables underground.
      • 1962, David Pesonen, “Battles Over Energy”, in Carolyn Merchant, editor, Green Versus Gold: Sources in California's Environmental History[3], Island Press, published 1998, →ISBN, page 325:
        One is to underground where no other alternative will work, and this method should be used universally in urban regions as it now is in “downtown” sections.
      • 2004, Don L. Ivey, C. Paul Scott, “Solutions”, in Transportation Research Board Committee on Utilities, editor, Utilities and Roadside Safety[4], State of the Art Report 9, Transportation Research Board, →ISBN, page 9:
        Also, undergrounding may not eliminate the potential for crashes with other roadside objects, such as trees, walls, buildings, and so forth. [...] When looking at the fesibility of undergrounding utilities, the complete roadside area and nearby adjacent properties should be evaluated for potential roadside obstructions or hazards.
      • 2006, Janes Northcote-Green, Robert Wilson, “Design, Construction and Operation of Distribution Systems, MV Networks”, in Control and Automation of Electrical Power Distribution Systems[5], CRC Press, →ISBN, page 110:
        The utility now wants the network to be undergrounded in the urban areas, which would mean substations with 33 kV distribution swtichgear.

    Translations

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    See also

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    Finnish

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing from English underground.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈɑnder.ɡrɑund/, [ˈɑ̝nde̞rˌɡrɑ̝und]
    • Rhymes: -ɑund

    Noun

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    underground

    1. underground (culture)

    Declension

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    Inflection of underground (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
    nominative underground undergroundit
    genitive undergroundin undergroundien
    partitive undergroundia undergroundeja
    illative undergroundiin undergroundeihin
    singular plural
    nominative underground undergroundit
    accusative nom. underground undergroundit
    gen. undergroundin
    genitive undergroundin undergroundien
    partitive undergroundia undergroundeja
    inessive undergroundissa undergroundeissa
    elative undergroundista undergroundeista
    illative undergroundiin undergroundeihin
    adessive undergroundilla undergroundeilla
    ablative undergroundilta undergroundeilta
    allative undergroundille undergroundeille
    essive undergroundina undergroundeina
    translative undergroundiksi undergroundeiksi
    abessive undergrounditta undergroundeitta
    instructive undergroundein
    comitative See the possessive forms below.
    Possessive forms of underground (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)

    Derived terms

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    compounds

    Further reading

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    French

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from English underground.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /œ̃.dɛʁ.ɡʁawnd/

    Adjective

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    underground (invariable)

    1. underground (outside the mainstream)

    Noun

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    underground m (uncountable)

    1. (singular only) the underground (people who resist artistic convention)

    Further reading

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    Italian

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from English underground.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    l'underground m (invariable)

    1. the underground (people who resist artistic convention)

    References

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    1. ^ underground in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

    Romanian

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing from English underground.

    Adjective

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    underground m or f or n (indeclinable)

    1. underground

    Declension

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    invariable singular plural
    masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
    nominative-
    accusative
    indefinite underground underground underground underground
    definite
    genitive-
    dative
    indefinite underground underground underground underground
    definite

    Spanish

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing from English underground.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /andeɾˈɡɾaund/ [ãn̪.d̪eɾˈɣ̞ɾãũn̪d̪]
    • IPA(key): /ondeɾˈɡɾaund/ [õn̪.d̪eɾˈɣ̞ɾãũn̪d̪]
    • Rhymes: -aund

    Noun

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    underground m (plural undergrounds)

    1. underground (movement)

    Usage notes

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    According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

    Further reading

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      NODES
    Idea 1
    idea 1
    Note 3