us
English
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle English us, from Old English ūs (“us”, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *uns (“us”), from Proto-Indo-European *ne-, *nō-, *n-ge-, *n̥smé (“us”). The compensatory lengthening was lost in Middle English due to the word being unstressed while being used. Cognate with Saterland Frisian uus (“us”), West Frisian us, ús (“us”), Low German us (“us”), Dutch ons (“us”), German uns (“us”), Danish os (“us”), Latin nōs (“we, us”).
Pronunciation
edit- (stressed) enPR: ŭs, IPA(key): /ʌs/, /ʌz/, (Local Dublin) IPA(key): /ʊs/
- (unstressed) (US) IPA(key): /əs/, (UK) IPA(key): /əs/, /əz/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ʌs
Pronoun
editus
- (personal) Me and at least one other person; the objective case of we.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 1:1:
- Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us...
- Used where "me" would be used instead of "I", e.g. for the pronoun in isolation or as the complement of the copula:
- Who's there? —Us. (or) —It's us.
- Who's going to go? —Us. We'll go.
- (Commonwealth, colloquial, chiefly with give) Me.
- Give us a look at your paper.
- Give us your wallet!
- She's turned the weans against us!
- (Northern England) Our.
- We'll have to throw us food out.
- (Northumbria) Me (in all contexts).
- Look at us while you’re speaking to us.
- Could you do that for us?
Alternative forms
editDerived terms
edit- after us the deluge
- all your base are belong to us
- and so say all of us
- bless us
- can you tell us
- come down to us
- God preserve us
- it happens to the best of us
- let us
- let us count the ways
- let us go
- my very educated mother just served us nachos
- my very educated mother just served us nine pizzas
- my very educated mother just served us nine pumpkins
- my very educated mother just served us noodles
- my very excellent mother just served us nine pizzas
- no longer with us
- nothing about us without us
- still with us
- tell us another
- tell us another one
- them-and-us
- the poor we will always have with us
- they hate us 'cause they ain't us
- till death do us part
- till death us do part
- us-and-them
- us-and-them-ism
- us selves
- usses
- us versus them
- with us
Translations
edit
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See also
editDeterminer
editus
- The speakers/writers, or the speaker/writer and at least one other person.
- It's not good enough for us teachers.
See also
editEtymology 2
editDerived from the similarity between the letter u and the Greek letter µ.
Symbol
editus
- Alternative spelling of µs: microsecond
- 2002, Peter Spasov, Microcontroller Technology, the 68HC11, page 489:
- ;wait 500 us
- 2012, Peter Feiler, David Gluch, Model-Based Engineering with AADL:
- The standard units are ns (nanoseconds), us (microseconds), ms (milliseconds), sec (seconds), min (minutes), and hr (hours).
- 2014, Michael Corey, Jeff Szastak, Michael Webster, Virtualizing SQL Server with VMware: Doing IT Right, page 198:
- Because the flash devices are local to the server, the latencies can be microseconds (us) instead of milliseconds (ms) and eliminate some traffic that would normally have gone over the storage network.
Etymology 3
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
editus
Anagrams
editCatalan
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editus (proclitic and contracted enclitic, enclitic vos)
Usage notes
edit- us is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs.
- Si us plau. ― Please.
- Si no us importa. ― If you don't mind.
- -us is the reduced (reduïda) form of the pronoun. It is used after verbs ending with a vowel.
- Volia veure-us. ― I wanted to see you.
Declension
editFurther reading
edit- “us” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “us”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “us” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Central Franconian
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle High German ūz, from Proto-Germanic *ūt.
Preposition
editus (+ dative)
- (Ripuarian, parts of Moselle Franconian) out of, from
- 1936, Inscription on the Schwarze Katz well in Zell:
- He steiht ferm wie en Zeller us dem Hamm.
- He stands firm as a Zell man from the Hamm [i.e. the Moselle bow around Zell with its steeply sloped vineyards].
Usage notes
edit- Where it occurs in Moselle Franconian, it generally does so only in unstressed position while the stressed form is aus, ous.
Alternative forms
edit- uus, uss
- aus, ous (Moselle Franconian)
Etymology 2
editFrom Middle High German uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns, *unsiz. Loss of the nasal is due to a sporadic development (analogous to the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant-law, but later and not systematic); compare Luxembourgish eis, Limburgish ós.
Pronoun
editus
- (most of Ripuarian, parts of Moselle Franconian) Dative/accusative first-person plural personal pronoun: us
Alternative forms
editFala
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese os, from Latin illōs.
Alternative forms
edit- os (Mañegu)
Article
editus m pl (singular u, feminine a, feminine plural as)
- (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Masculine plural definite article; the
Pronoun
editus
- (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Third person plural masculine accusative pronoun; them
See also
editnominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | ei | me, -mi | mi | ||
plural | common | nos | musL nusLV nos, -nusM |
nos | ||
masculine | noshotrusM | noshotrusM | ||||
feminine | noshotrasM | noshotrasM | ||||
second person | singular | tú | te, -ti | ti | ||
plural | common | vos | vusLV vos, -vusM |
vos | ||
masculine | voshotrusM | voshotrusM | ||||
feminine | voshotrasM | voshotrasM | ||||
third person | singular | masculine | el | le, -li | uLV, oM | el |
feminine | ela | a | ela | |||
plural | masculine | elis | usLV, osM | elis | ||
feminine | elas | as | elas | |||
reflexive | — | se, -si | sí |
Etymology 2
editAlternative forms
editArticle
editus m pl (singular un, feminine unha, feminine plural unhas)
- (Lagarteiru) Masculine singular indefinite article; some
References
editFrench
editEtymology
editInherited from Old French us, from Latin ūsus.
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ys/, (less often) /y/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ys, -y
- Homophones: eusse, eussent, eusses (with /s/), eu, eue, eues, eus, eut, eût, u (without /s/), hue, huent, hues (without /s/, aspirated)
Noun
editus m pl (plural only)
- (plural only) mores; traditional practices or manners
Usage notes
edit- Now almost exclusively used in us et coutumes (“mores and customs”).
Related terms
editFurther reading
edit- “us”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
editGothic
editRomanization
editus
- Romanization of 𐌿𐍃
Middle English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Old English ūs (“us”, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *uns (“us”), from Proto-Indo-European *ne-, *nō-, *n-ge-, *n-sme- (“us”).
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editus (nominative we)
- First-person plural accusative pronoun: us.
- (reflexive) ourselves.
- (reciprocal) each other.
Synonyms
editDescendants
editSee also
editnominative | accusative | dative | genitive | possessive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | 1st-person | I, ich, ik | me | min mi1 |
min | ||
2nd-person | þou | þe | þin þi1 |
þin | |||
3rd-person | m | he | him hine2 |
him | his | his hisen | |
f | sche, heo | hire heo |
hire | hire hires, hiren | |||
n | hit | hit him2 |
his, hit | — | |||
dual3 | 1st-person | wit | unk | unker | |||
2nd-person | ȝit | inc | inker | ||||
plural | 1st-person | we | us, ous | oure | oure oures, ouren | ||
2nd-person4 | ye | yow | your | your youres, youren | |||
3rd-person | inh. | he | hem he2 |
hem | here | here heres, heren | |
bor. | þei | þem, þeim | þeir | þeir þeires, þeiren |
1Used preconsonantally or before h.
2Early or dialectal.
3Dual pronouns are only sporadically found in Early Middle English; after that, they are replaced by plural forms. There are no third-person dual forms in Middle English.
4Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
edit- “ū̆s, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 11 May 2018.
Middle Low German
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editûs or us
- (personal pronoun, dative, accusative) Alternative form of uns.
- (possessive) Alternative form of uns.
Declension
editPossessive pronoun:
nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Strong declension | ||||
Masculine | ûs | ûsen | ûsem(e) (ûsennote) | ûses |
Neuter | ûs | |||
Feminine | ûse | ûser(e) | ||
Plural | ûse | ûsen | ûser(e) | |
Weak declension | ||||
Masculine | ûse | ûsen | ûsen | |
Neuter | ûse | |||
Feminine | ûsen | |||
Plural | ûsen | |||
The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period. |
Norman
editEtymology
editFrom Old French uis, from Latin ostium.
Noun
editus m (plural us)
Old English
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *uns, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥s, *nes. Cognates include Old Frisian ūs (West Frisian ús), Old Saxon ūs (Low German os, ons), Dutch ons, Old High German uns (German uns), Old Norse oss (Swedish oss), Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐍃 (uns). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin nos.
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editūs
- accusative/dative of wē: (to) us
Descendants
editOld French
editEtymology
editNoun
editus oblique singular, m (oblique plural us, nominative singular us, nominative plural us)
Descendants
edit- French: us
Old Frisian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *uns, *unsiz. Cognates include Old English ūs, Old Saxon ūs and Old Dutch uns.
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editūs
- accusative/dative of wī
Inflection
editDescendants
editReferences
edit- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
Portuguese
editPronunciation
edit- Rhymes: -us
Noun
editus
Scots
editEtymology
editInherited from Middle English us, from Old English ūs (“us”, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *uns (“us”), from Proto-Indo-European *ne-, *nō-, *n-ge-, *n̥smé (“us”).
Pronoun
editus
See also
editpersonal pronoun | possessive pronoun |
possessive determiner | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
subjective | objective | reflexive | |||||
first person | singular | A, I, Ik | me | mysel | mine, mines | mine, my | |
plural | we | us, we | oorsel, oorsels | oors | our | ||
second person | singular | standard (formal) | ye you, yow |
ye you, yow |
yersel yoursel |
yers yours |
yer your |
Insular (informal) | thoo | thee | thysel, theesel | thines | thy, thee, thees | ||
plural | ye, yese you, youse |
ye, yese you, youse theer |
yesels yoursels |
yers yours |
yer your | ||
third person | singular | masculine | he, e | him, im | himsel, hissel | his, is | his, is |
feminine | scho, she, shu | her, er | hersel | hers | her, er | ||
neuter | it hit |
it hit |
itsel hitsel |
its hits |
its hits | ||
genderless, nonspecific (formal) |
ane | ane | – | – | ane's | ||
plural | thay | thaim | thaimsel, thaimsels | thairs | thair |
References
edit- “us, pers. pron.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, retrieved 7 June 2024, reproduced from William A[lexander] Craigie, A[dam] J[ack] Aitken [et al.], editors, A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue: […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1931–2002, →OCLC.
- “us, pers. pron.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, retrieved 7 June 2024, reproduced from W[illiam] Grant and D[avid] D. Murison, editors, The Scottish National Dictionary, Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931–1976, →OCLC.
Serbo-Croatian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *ǫsъ.
Noun
editȕs f (Cyrillic spelling у̏с)
References
edit- “us”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
Turkish
editEtymology
editFrom Ottoman Turkish اوص (us), from Proto-Turkic *us (“mind, reason”).[1]
Noun
editus (definite accusative usu, plural uslar)
Declension
editInflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | us | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | usu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | us | uslar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | usu | usları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | usa | uslara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | usta | uslarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | ustan | uslardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | usun | usların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*us”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Tz'utujil
editNoun
editus
- fly (insect)
Volapük
editAdverb
editus
- there
- 1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 19:
- Cils äbinons-li i pö zäl et? Si! elogob us tumis.
- Were there children at that party as well? Yes, I've seen hundreds of them there.
West Frisian
editPronoun
editus
- English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ʌs
- Rhymes:English/ʌs/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English pronouns
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with usage examples
- Commonwealth English
- English colloquialisms
- Northern England English
- Northumbrian English
- English determiners
- English symbols
- English non-lemma forms
- English noun forms
- English terms with rare senses
- Symbols for SI units
- English first person pronouns
- English heteronyms
- English personal pronouns
- English plural pronouns
- English two-letter words
- Catalan terms inherited from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms with homophones
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan pronouns
- Catalan personal pronouns
- Catalan contractions
- Catalan terms with usage examples
- Central Franconian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Central Franconian terms inherited from Middle High German
- Central Franconian terms derived from Middle High German
- Central Franconian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Central Franconian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Central Franconian lemmas
- Central Franconian prepositions
- Ripuarian Franconian
- Moselle Franconian
- Central Franconian terms with quotations
- Central Franconian pronouns
- Fala terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Fala terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Fala terms inherited from Latin
- Fala terms derived from Latin
- Fala lemmas
- Fala articles
- Lagarteiru Fala
- Valverdeñu Fala
- Fala pronouns
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms inherited from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:French/ys
- Rhymes:French/ys/1 syllable
- Rhymes:French/y
- Rhymes:French/y/1 syllable
- French terms with homophones
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French pluralia tantum
- French masculine nouns
- Gothic non-lemma forms
- Gothic romanizations
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English pronouns
- Middle English personal pronouns
- Middle Low German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Low German lemmas
- Middle Low German pronouns
- Middle Low German possessive pronouns
- Norman terms inherited from Old French
- Norman terms derived from Old French
- Norman terms inherited from Latin
- Norman terms derived from Latin
- Norman lemmas
- Norman nouns
- Norman masculine nouns
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English non-lemma forms
- Old English pronoun forms
- Old French terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
- Old French lemmas
- Old French nouns
- Old French masculine nouns
- Old Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Frisian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Frisian lemmas
- Old Frisian pronouns
- Rhymes:Portuguese/us
- Rhymes:Portuguese/us/1 syllable
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese noun forms
- Scots terms inherited from Middle English
- Scots terms derived from Middle English
- Scots terms inherited from Old English
- Scots terms derived from Old English
- Scots terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Scots terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Scots terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Scots lemmas
- Scots pronouns
- Scots personal pronouns
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- sh:Animal body parts
- sh:Bones
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- Tz'utujil lemmas
- Tz'utujil nouns
- tzj:Dipterans
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük adverbs
- Volapük terms with quotations
- West Frisian non-lemma forms
- West Frisian pronoun forms