waka

See also: Waka, -waka, and wak'a

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Japanese 和歌 (waka), from Middle Chinese 和 (ɣwa), a gloss for 倭 (ʔwa, “Japan”) + 歌 (ka, “song”).

Noun

waka (plural wakas or waka)

1. (poetry) A kind of classical Japanese poem.
   • 1962, Philip K. Dick, “The Man in the High Castle”, in Four Novels of the 1960s, Library of America, published 2007, page 122:

     “Hey, look. There's one of those Jap waka poems on the back of this cigarette package.”

Translations

a kind of classical Japanese poem

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 和歌 (zh) (hégē)

• Japanese: 和歌 (ja) (わか, waka)
• Korean: 와카 (waka), 화가 (ko) (hwaga)
• Russian: ва́ка f (váka)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Maori waka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwɒkə/, /ˈwʌkə/
• Rhymes: -ɒkə, -ʌkə

Noun

waka (plural wakas or waka)

1. (New Zealand) A Maori canoe.

Derived terms

• waka-jumper
• waka-jumping

 

See also

• waka gashira

Anagrams

• kawa

Aymara

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca. Cognate with Jaqaru waka.

Noun

waka

1. cow

Balantak

Noun

waka

1. body

References

• Robert Busenitz & Daniel Bradbury (2016). Balantak Dictionary – waka. SIL International.

Bintulu

Etymology

From Proto-North Sarawak [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(w)akaʀ.

Noun

waka

1. root (of plant)

Chamicuro

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

waka

1. cow

Chickasaw

Verb

waka

1. to fly

Fijian

Noun

waka

1. root

   Synonym: vu

Hawaiian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwa.ka/, [ˈʋɐ.kə]

Verb

waka

1. to flash
2. (stative) sharp

Jamamadí

Verb

waka

1. (Banawá) to break

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Japanese

Romanization

waka

1. Rōmaji transcription of わか

Jaqaru

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca. Cognate with Aymara waka.

Noun

waka

1. cow

References

Martha James Hardman. (1996) Jaqaru: Outline of phonological and morphological structure, page 74.

Katukina

Noun

waka

1. water

References

• Maria Sueli de Aguiar, Elementos de descrição sintatica para uma gramatica do Katukina, page 49, 1988

Manchu

Romanization

waka

1. Romanization of ᠸᠠᡴᠠ

Maori

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *waka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wa.ka/, [wɐ.kɐ]

Noun

waka

1. boat, canoe
2. vehicle, conveyance
3. transport

Derived terms

• tūnga waka

Descendants

• → English: waka

Mapudungun

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

waka (Raguileo spelling)

1. cow

References

• Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Nigerian Pidgin

Etymology

Corruption of English walk.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wàka/

Verb

waka

1. to walk

   You go waka sha.

   You're going to walk.

   • (Can we date this quote?), Anthonia Ujene, “Count animals”, in Storybooks African Languages‎^[1]:

     Five Impales and six pigs dey waka go d water.

     Five impalas and six warthogs are walking to the water.

Palu'e

Etymology

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *(w)akaʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(w)akaʀ.

Noun

waka

1. root (of plant)

Pijin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-

Proto-Indo-European *-om

Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom

Proto-Germanic *werką

Proto-West Germanic *werk

Old English weorc

Middle English werk

English workder.

Pijin waka

From English work.

Noun

waka

1. work; labor; job

Polish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Greater Poland):
  • (Southern Greater Poland) IPA^(key): /ˈva.ka/

Noun

waka f

1. (Southern Greater Poland) old bitch (old female dog)

Further reading

• Oskar Kolberg (1877) “waka”, in “Rzecz o mowie ludu wielkopolskiego”, in Zbiór wiadomości do antropologii krajowéj (in Polish), volume 1, III (Materyjały etnologiczne), page 32

Quechua

Etymology 1

"Chapter on the idols: waka willka Incap" (the Inca's deities and divinities). The dialogue between the Inca and the wakas is as follows:
Inca: "Waka willkakuna! Pim qamkunata "ama parachun, qasachun, runtuchu" ninki? Rimariy! Chaylla!
("Wakas, willkas! Who of you said "let there not be rain, nor frost, nor hail"? Speak! That's it!
Wakas: "Manam ñuqakunaqa, Inka".
("It was not us, Inca")
Drawing by Guaman Poma.

Alternative forms

• wak'a (Cuzco-Collao)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwa.ka/
  • (Ayacucho) IPA^(key): [ˈwa.ka]
  • (Cuzco-Collao) IPA^(key): [ˈwa.kʼa]

Adjective

waka

1. sacred
2. (historical) sublime; horrifying

Noun

waka

1. an Andean guardian deity

   Near-synonym: willka

2. sanctuary: both natural, like a sacred rock or crevice, and artificial, like a building.
3. (historical) a votive offering

Declension

declension of waka

	singular	plural
nominative	waka	wakakuna
accusative	wakata	wakakunata
dative	wakaman	wakakunaman
genitive	wakap	wakakunap
locative	wakapi	wakakunapi
terminative	wakakama	wakakunakama
ablative	wakamanta	wakakunamanta
instrumental	wakawan	wakakunawan
comitative	wakantin	wakakunantin
abessive	wakannaq	wakakunannaq
comparative	wakahina	wakakunahina
causative	wakarayku	wakakunarayku
benefactive	wakapaq	wakakunapaq
associative	wakapura	wakakunapura
distributive	wakanka	wakakunanka
exclusive	wakalla	wakakunalla

possessive forms of waka

ñuqap - first-person singular

ñuqap (my)	singular	plural
nominative	wakay	wakaykuna
accusative	wakayta	wakaykunata
dative	wakayman	wakaykunaman
genitive	wakaypa	wakaykunap
locative	wakaypi	wakaykunapi
terminative	wakaykama	wakaykunakama
ablative	wakaymanta	wakaykunamanta
instrumental	wakaywan	wakaykunawan
comitative	wakaynintin	wakaykunantin
abessive	wakayninnaq	wakaykunannaq
comparative	wakayhina	wakaykunahina
causative	wakayrayku	wakaykunarayku
benefactive	wakaypaq	wakaykunapaq
associative	wakaypura	wakaykunapura
distributive	wakayninka	wakaykunanka
exclusive	wakaylla	wakaykunalla

qampa - second-person singular

qampa (your)	singular	plural
nominative	wakayki	wakaykikuna
accusative	wakaykita	wakaykikunata
dative	wakaykiman	wakaykikunaman
genitive	wakaykipa	wakaykikunap
locative	wakaykipi	wakaykikunapi
terminative	wakaykikama	wakaykikunakama
ablative	wakaykimanta	wakaykikunamanta
instrumental	wakaykiwan	wakaykikunawan
comitative	wakaykintin	wakaykikunantin
abessive	wakaykinnaq	wakaykikunannaq
comparative	wakaykihina	wakaykikunahina
causative	wakaykirayku	wakaykikunarayku
benefactive	wakaykipaq	wakaykikunapaq
associative	wakaykipura	wakaykikunapura
distributive	wakaykinka	wakaykikunanka
exclusive	wakaykilla	wakaykikunalla

paypa - third-person singular

paypa (his/her/its)	singular	plural
nominative	wakan	wakankuna
accusative	wakanta	wakankunata
dative	wakanman	wakankunaman
genitive	wakanpa	wakankunap
locative	wakanpi	wakankunapi
terminative	wakankama	wakankunakama
ablative	wakanmanta	wakankunamanta
instrumental	wakanwan	wakankunawan
comitative	wakanintin	wakankunantin
abessive	wakanninnaq	wakankunannaq
comparative	wakanhina	wakankunahina
causative	wakanrayku	wakankunarayku
benefactive	wakanpaq	wakankunapaq
associative	wakanpura	wakankunapura
distributive	wakaninka	wakankunanka
exclusive	wakanlla	wakankunalla

ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural

ñuqanchikpa (our(incl))	singular	plural
nominative	wakanchik	wakanchikkuna
accusative	wakanchikta	wakanchikkunata
dative	wakanchikman	wakanchikkunaman
genitive	wakanchikpa	wakanchikkunap
locative	wakanchikpi	wakanchikkunapi
terminative	wakanchikkama	wakanchikkunakama
ablative	wakanchikmanta	wakanchikkunamanta
instrumental	wakanchikwan	wakanchikkunawan
comitative	wakanchiknintin	wakanchikkunantin
abessive	wakanchikninnaq	wakanchikkunannaq
comparative	wakanchikhina	wakanchikkunahina
causative	wakanchikrayku	wakanchikkunarayku
benefactive	wakanchikpaq	wakanchikkunapaq
associative	wakanchikpura	wakanchikkunapura
distributive	wakanchikninka	wakanchikkunanka
exclusive	wakanchiklla	wakanchikkunalla

ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural

ñuqaykup (our(excl))	singular	plural
nominative	wakayku	wakaykukuna
accusative	wakaykuta	wakaykukunata
dative	wakaykuman	wakaykukunaman
genitive	wakaykupa	wakaykukunap
locative	wakaykupi	wakaykukunapi
terminative	wakaykukama	wakaykukunakama
ablative	wakaykumanta	wakaykukunamanta
instrumental	wakaykuwan	wakaykukunawan
comitative	wakaykuntin	wakaykukunantin
abessive	wakaykunnaq	wakaykukunannaq
comparative	wakaykuhina	wakaykukunahina
causative	wakaykurayku	wakaykukunarayku
benefactive	wakaykupaq	wakaykukunapaq
associative	wakaykupura	wakaykukunapura
distributive	wakaykunka	wakaykukunanka
exclusive	wakaykulla	wakaykukunalla

qamkunap - second-person plural

qamkunap (your(pl))	singular	plural
nominative	wakaykichik	wakaykichikkuna
accusative	wakaykichikta	wakaykichikkunata
dative	wakaykichikman	wakaykichikkunaman
genitive	wakaykichikpa	wakaykichikkunap
locative	wakaykichikpi	wakaykichikkunapi
terminative	wakaykichikkama	wakaykichikkunakama
ablative	wakaykichikmanta	wakaykichikkunamanta
instrumental	wakaykichikwan	wakaykichikkunawan
comitative	wakaykichiknintin	wakaykichikkunantin
abessive	wakaykichikninnaq	wakaykichikkunannaq
comparative	wakaykichikhina	wakaykichikkunahina
causative	wakaykichikrayku	wakaykichikkunarayku
benefactive	wakaykichikpaq	wakaykichikkunapaq
associative	wakaykichikpura	wakaykichikkunapura
distributive	wakaykichikninka	wakaykichikkunanka
exclusive	wakaykichiklla	wakaykichikkunalla

paykunap - third-person plural

paykunap (their)	singular	plural
nominative	wakanku	wakankukuna
accusative	wakankuta	wakankukunata
dative	wakankuman	wakankukunaman
genitive	wakankupa	wakankukunap
locative	wakankupi	wakankukunapi
terminative	wakankukama	wakankukunakama
ablative	wakankumanta	wakankukunamanta
instrumental	wakankuwan	wakankukunawan
comitative	wakankuntin	wakankukunantin
abessive	wakankunnaq	wakankukunannaq
comparative	wakankuhina	wakankukunahina
causative	wakankurayku	wakankukunarayku
benefactive	wakankupaq	wakankukunapaq
associative	wakankupura	wakankukunapura
distributive	wakankunka	wakankukunanka
exclusive	wakankulla	wakankukunalla

Descendants

• → Spanish: huaca

References

Cerrón-Palomino, Rodolfo (2013) Tras las huellas del Inca Garcilaso: el lenguaje como hermenéutica en la comprensión del pasado [Following the footsteps of Inca Garcilaso: Language as hermeneutics in the understanding of the past], Boston: Latinoamericana Editories; CELACP; Revista de Crítica Literaria Latinoamericana, →DOI

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

waka

1. (Cuzco-Collao) Alternative form of baka

Declension

declension of waka

	singular	plural
nominative	waka	wakakuna
accusative	wakata	wakakunata
dative	wakaman	wakakunaman
genitive	wakap	wakakunap
locative	wakapi	wakakunapi
terminative	wakakama	wakakunakama
ablative	wakamanta	wakakunamanta
instrumental	wakawan	wakakunawan
comitative	wakantin	wakakunantin
abessive	wakannaq	wakakunannaq
comparative	wakahina	wakakunahina
causative	wakarayku	wakakunarayku
benefactive	wakapaq	wakakunapaq
associative	wakapura	wakakunapura
distributive	wakanka	wakakunanka
exclusive	wakalla	wakakunalla

possessive forms of waka

ñuqap - first-person singular

ñuqap (my)	singular	plural
nominative	wakay	wakaykuna
accusative	wakayta	wakaykunata
dative	wakayman	wakaykunaman
genitive	wakaypa	wakaykunap
locative	wakaypi	wakaykunapi
terminative	wakaykama	wakaykunakama
ablative	wakaymanta	wakaykunamanta
instrumental	wakaywan	wakaykunawan
comitative	wakaynintin	wakaykunantin
abessive	wakayninnaq	wakaykunannaq
comparative	wakayhina	wakaykunahina
causative	wakayrayku	wakaykunarayku
benefactive	wakaypaq	wakaykunapaq
associative	wakaypura	wakaykunapura
distributive	wakayninka	wakaykunanka
exclusive	wakaylla	wakaykunalla

qampa - second-person singular

qampa (your)	singular	plural
nominative	wakayki	wakaykikuna
accusative	wakaykita	wakaykikunata
dative	wakaykiman	wakaykikunaman
genitive	wakaykipa	wakaykikunap
locative	wakaykipi	wakaykikunapi
terminative	wakaykikama	wakaykikunakama
ablative	wakaykimanta	wakaykikunamanta
instrumental	wakaykiwan	wakaykikunawan
comitative	wakaykintin	wakaykikunantin
abessive	wakaykinnaq	wakaykikunannaq
comparative	wakaykihina	wakaykikunahina
causative	wakaykirayku	wakaykikunarayku
benefactive	wakaykipaq	wakaykikunapaq
associative	wakaykipura	wakaykikunapura
distributive	wakaykinka	wakaykikunanka
exclusive	wakaykilla	wakaykikunalla

paypa - third-person singular

paypa (his/her/its)	singular	plural
nominative	wakan	wakankuna
accusative	wakanta	wakankunata
dative	wakanman	wakankunaman
genitive	wakanpa	wakankunap
locative	wakanpi	wakankunapi
terminative	wakankama	wakankunakama
ablative	wakanmanta	wakankunamanta
instrumental	wakanwan	wakankunawan
comitative	wakanintin	wakankunantin
abessive	wakanninnaq	wakankunannaq
comparative	wakanhina	wakankunahina
causative	wakanrayku	wakankunarayku
benefactive	wakanpaq	wakankunapaq
associative	wakanpura	wakankunapura
distributive	wakaninka	wakankunanka
exclusive	wakanlla	wakankunalla

ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural

ñuqanchikpa (our(incl))	singular	plural
nominative	wakanchik	wakanchikkuna
accusative	wakanchikta	wakanchikkunata
dative	wakanchikman	wakanchikkunaman
genitive	wakanchikpa	wakanchikkunap
locative	wakanchikpi	wakanchikkunapi
terminative	wakanchikkama	wakanchikkunakama
ablative	wakanchikmanta	wakanchikkunamanta
instrumental	wakanchikwan	wakanchikkunawan
comitative	wakanchiknintin	wakanchikkunantin
abessive	wakanchikninnaq	wakanchikkunannaq
comparative	wakanchikhina	wakanchikkunahina
causative	wakanchikrayku	wakanchikkunarayku
benefactive	wakanchikpaq	wakanchikkunapaq
associative	wakanchikpura	wakanchikkunapura
distributive	wakanchikninka	wakanchikkunanka
exclusive	wakanchiklla	wakanchikkunalla

ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural

ñuqaykup (our(excl))	singular	plural
nominative	wakayku	wakaykukuna
accusative	wakaykuta	wakaykukunata
dative	wakaykuman	wakaykukunaman
genitive	wakaykupa	wakaykukunap
locative	wakaykupi	wakaykukunapi
terminative	wakaykukama	wakaykukunakama
ablative	wakaykumanta	wakaykukunamanta
instrumental	wakaykuwan	wakaykukunawan
comitative	wakaykuntin	wakaykukunantin
abessive	wakaykunnaq	wakaykukunannaq
comparative	wakaykuhina	wakaykukunahina
causative	wakaykurayku	wakaykukunarayku
benefactive	wakaykupaq	wakaykukunapaq
associative	wakaykupura	wakaykukunapura
distributive	wakaykunka	wakaykukunanka
exclusive	wakaykulla	wakaykukunalla

qamkunap - second-person plural

qamkunap (your(pl))	singular	plural
nominative	wakaykichik	wakaykichikkuna
accusative	wakaykichikta	wakaykichikkunata
dative	wakaykichikman	wakaykichikkunaman
genitive	wakaykichikpa	wakaykichikkunap
locative	wakaykichikpi	wakaykichikkunapi
terminative	wakaykichikkama	wakaykichikkunakama
ablative	wakaykichikmanta	wakaykichikkunamanta
instrumental	wakaykichikwan	wakaykichikkunawan
comitative	wakaykichiknintin	wakaykichikkunantin
abessive	wakaykichikninnaq	wakaykichikkunannaq
comparative	wakaykichikhina	wakaykichikkunahina
causative	wakaykichikrayku	wakaykichikkunarayku
benefactive	wakaykichikpaq	wakaykichikkunapaq
associative	wakaykichikpura	wakaykichikkunapura
distributive	wakaykichikninka	wakaykichikkunanka
exclusive	wakaykichiklla	wakaykichikkunalla

paykunap - third-person plural

paykunap (their)	singular	plural
nominative	wakanku	wakankukuna
accusative	wakankuta	wakankukunata
dative	wakankuman	wakankukunaman
genitive	wakankupa	wakankukunap
locative	wakankupi	wakankukunapi
terminative	wakankukama	wakankukunakama
ablative	wakankumanta	wakankukunamanta
instrumental	wakankuwan	wakankukunawan
comitative	wakankuntin	wakankukunantin
abessive	wakankunnaq	wakankukunannaq
comparative	wakankuhina	wakankukunahina
causative	wakankurayku	wakankukunarayku
benefactive	wakankupaq	wakankukunapaq
associative	wakankupura	wakankukunapura
distributive	wakankunka	wakankukunanka
exclusive	wakankulla	wakankukunalla

Remontado Agta

Noun

waká

1. rattan

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-waka (infinitive kuwaka)

1. to burn, be in flames
2. to shine

Conjugation

Conjugation of -waka
Positive present -nawaka Subjunctive -wake Negative -waki Imperative singular waka
Infinitives
Positive kuwaka Negative kutowaka
Imperatives
Singular waka Plural wakeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huwaka Positive past positive subject concord + -liwaka Negative past negative subject concord + -kuwaka
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nawaka) Singular Plural 1st person ninawaka/nawaka tunawaka 2nd person unawaka mnawaka 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anawaka wanawaka other classes positive subject concord + -nawaka
Negative present (negative subject concord + -waki) Singular Plural 1st person siwaki hatuwaki 2nd person huwaki hamuwaki 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hawaki hawawaki other classes negative subject concord + -waki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tawaka Negative future negative subject concord + -tawaka
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -wake) Singular Plural 1st person niwake tuwake 2nd person uwake muwake 3rd person m-wa(I/II) awake wawake other classes positive subject concord + -wake
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siwake Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngewaka Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singewaka Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliwaka Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliwaka
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -awaka) Singular Plural 1st person nawaka twawaka 2nd person wawaka mwawaka 3rd person m-wa(I/II) awaka wawaka m-mi(III/IV) wawaka yawaka ji-ma(V/VI) lawaka yawaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) chawaka vyawaka n(IX/X) yawaka zawaka u(XI) wawaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwawaka pa(XVI) pawaka mu(XVIII) mwawaka
Perfect positive subject concord + -mewaka "Already" positive subject concord + -meshawaka "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jawaka "If/When" positive subject concord + -kiwaka "If not" positive subject concord + -sipowaka Consecutive kawaka / positive subject concord + -kawaka Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kawake
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -niwaka -tuwaka 2nd person -kuwaka -wawaka/-kuwakeni/-wawakeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -muwaka -wawaka m-mi(III/IV) -uwaka -iwaka ji-ma(V/VI) -liwaka -yawaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiwaka -viwaka n(IX/X) -iwaka -ziwaka u(XI) -uwaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuwaka pa(XVI) -pawaka mu(XVIII) -muwaka Reflexive -jiwaka
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -waka- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -wakaye -wakao m-mi(III/IV) -wakao -wakayo ji-ma(V/VI) -wakalo -wakayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -wakacho -wakavyo n(IX/X) -wakayo -wakazo u(XI) -wakao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -wakako pa(XVI) -wakapo mu(XVIII) -wakamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -waka) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yewaka -owaka m-mi(III/IV) -owaka -yowaka ji-ma(V/VI) -lowaka -yowaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chowaka -vyowaka n(IX/X) -yowaka -zowaka u(XI) -owaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kowaka pa(XVI) -powaka mu(XVIII) -mowaka
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Causative: -washa (“to set something on fire”)

Yanomamö

Noun

waka

1. giant armadillo, Priodontes maximus

References

• Lizot, Jacques (2004) Diccionario enciclopédico de la lengua yãnomãmɨ‎^[2] (in Spanish), Vicariato apostólico de Puerto Ayacucho, →ISBN