Alice Nutter (died 20 August 1612) was an English Recusant noblewoman accused and hanged as a result of the Pendle witch hunt. Her life and death are commemorated by a statue in the village of Roughlee in the Pendle district of Lancashire.
Alice Nutter | |
|---|---|
 Statue of Alice in Roughlee, Lancashire | |
| Born | c. 1560s |
| Died | 20 August 1612 Gallows Hill, Lancaster, Kingdom of England |
| Cause of death | Hanged |
| Nationality | English |
| Known for | Accused as a Pendle witch |
Life
editUnlike many accused of witchcraft, Alice was a member of a wealthy and noble family who owned land in Pendle.[1]
She was accused of being present at a witch's coven on Good Friday, 1612, and later causing the death of Henry Milton. Her principal accuser was a nine-year-old girl called Jennet Device. Nutter protested her innocence[2] although others pleaded guilty.
Nutter's trial began at Lancaster Castle on 18 August where the accused were denied access to lawyers or the right to call witnesses. She was subsequently hanged at Gallows Hill in Lancaster on 20 August 1612. The others hanged were Anne Whittle ("Old Chattox"), Ann Redfearn, Elizabeth Device ("Squinting Lizzie"), Alison Device, James Device, Katherine Hewitt, Jane Bulcock, John Bulcock and Isobel Robey.
Legacy
editAlice Nutter is one of the main characters in William Harrison Ainsworth's Victorian Gothic novel The Lancashire Witches.
In 1982, one of the members of the music group Chumbawamba changed her name to Alice Nutter by deed poll, feeling "an affinity" to the historical figure. Since the band's breakup, one of her writing projects is a play based on the same Pendle Witch Trials.[3][4]
The 1990 novel Good Omens by Terry Pratchett and Neil Gaiman (later adapted for television) features several witch characters named after the original Pendle witches, including Agnes Nutter, a prophet burned at the stake, and her descendant Anathema Device.[5][6]
In 2012 a statue of Nutter was unveiled in Roughlee by local celebrity Bobby Elliott. The statue was commissioned following a campaign led by a local councillor. Local artist David Palmer researched local history and the fashion of Nutter's times to create the statue, which is made from steel and brass.[7]
In the same year, Jeanette Winterson published her novella The Daylight Gate whose main character is Alice Nutter. The book is about the events, but Winterson is keen to point out that her character is not the Alice Nutter of history.[8]
In 2018, it was reported that the Knights of St Columba had made a ruling that Alice Nutter, a Recusant during the religious persecution of the Catholic Church in England, was in reality a Catholic martyr. According to the Knights, Nutter had in reality been attending a secret and illegal Mass at the time of the alleged Good Friday witches' coven and her prosecution was a frameup by a corrupt judge who coveted the Nutter estate, but who could not prove that Nutter was a Catholic. Accusing Nutter during the Pendle witch hunt, according to the Knights, was an easy alternative.[9]
English author Joseph Delaney in his books series Spook's, incorporated a character named Alice Deane, who is a witch.[10]
References
edit- ^ "Pendle witches Lancashire witches (act. 1612)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/67763. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ "Statue to Pendle Witch unveiled". BBC News. 28 July 2012. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
- ^ Alice Nutter interview
- ^ "No, Seriously: Chumbawamba Has A Storied Anarchist Past", Roughlee Village, 19 July 2012, retrieved 19 November 2019
- ^ Gaiman, Neil [@neilhimself] (3 August 2016). "Oddly, no. It (and Agnes's surname) come from from the names of Pendle witches" (Tweet). Retrieved 4 September 2020 – via Twitter.
- ^ Chivers, Tom (15 January 2020). "Good Omens: How Terry Pratchett and Neil Gaiman's friendship inspired their comic masterpiece". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
- ^ "Alice Nutter – Roughlee Village". Roughlee Village. 26 February 2017. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
- ^ Jeanette Winterson (16 August 2012). The Daylight Gate. Random House. ISBN 978-1-4464-9232-1.
- ^ Collins, David (11 August 2018). "Knights of St Columba rule on fate of Pendle witch Alice Nutter". The Times & The Sunday Times. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
- ^ Delaney, Joseph (6 June 2013). Spook's: Alice. Penguin Random House Children's UK. ISBN 978-1-4090-2425-5.
Further reading
edit- Lumby, Jonathan (1995). The Lancashire Witch Craze: Jennet Preston and the Lancashire Witches, 1612 (1st ed.). Preston: Carnegie Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85936-025-5.
- Poole, Robert, ed. (2002). The Lancashire Witches: Histories and Stories (1st ed.). Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-6203-2.