Batken Region[a] is a region of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Batken. It is bounded on the east by Osh Region, on the south, west and north by Tajikistan, and on the northeast by Uzbekistan. The northern part of the region is part of the flat, agricultural Ferghana Valley. The land rises southward to the mountains on the southern border: the Alay Mountains in the east, and the Turkestan Range in the west. Its total area is 17,048 km2 (6,582 sq mi).[2] The resident population of the region was 548,247 as of January 2021.[1] The region has sizeable Uzbek (14.7% in 2009) and Tajik (6.9% in 2009) minorities.[2]
Batken Region
| |
|---|---|
Region | |
Road and field in Batken | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Map of Kyrgyzstan, location of Batken Region highlighted | |
| Coordinates: 39°50′N 71°30′E / 39.833°N 71.500°E | |
| Country |  Kyrgyzstan |
| Capital | Batken |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Mamat Aibalayev |
| Area | |
• Total | 17,048 km2 (6,582 sq mi) |
| Population (2023-01-01)[1] | |
• Total | 570,898 |
| • Density | 33/km2 (87/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+6 (Kyrgyzstan Time) |
| ISO 3166 code | KG-B |
| Districts | 3 |
| Cities | 6 |
| Towns | 1 |
| Villages | 198 |
History
editBatken Region was created on 15 October 1999 from the westernmost section of Osh Region.[3][4] This was partly in response to the activities of the Islamic Movement for Uzbekistan (IMU), with bases in Tajikistan. In 1999 they kidnapped a group of Japanese geologists and in 2000 some American climbers. In the two years, 49 Kyrgyz soldiers were killed. There was an attack on a Tajik border post in May 2006, which was probably connected to drug running.[citation needed] In 2021, a conflict over water rights at least 55 dead and 277 wounded.[5]
The area has been a _target for the suppression of Islam. In October of 2023, 37 mosques and schools were closed by the government.[6] This happened soon after 60 mosques and religious schools were closed by raids in the Osh Region.
Divisions
editThe Batken Region is divided administratively into three cities of regional significance (Batken, Kyzyl-Kyya and Sülüktü), and three districts:[7]
| District | Seat | Map |
|---|---|---|
| Batken District | Batken | 
|
| Kadamjay District | Kadamjay | 
|
| Leylek District | Isfana | 
|
Aydarken, Isfana and Kadamjay are cities of district significance. There is one urban-type settlement in the region: Vostochnyy (part of Sülüktü city).[7]
Socio-economics
editThe economically active population of Batken Region in 2009 was 188,808, of which 176,611 employed and 12,197 (6.5%) unemployed.[2]
- Export: 14.7 million US dollars (2008)[8]
- Import: 53.6 million US dollars (2008)
Demographics
editThe population of Batken Region, according to the Population and Housing Census of 2009 amounted to 380.3 thousand (enumerated de facto population) or 428.6 thousand (de jure population).[2] The official population estimate for January 2021 was 548,247.[1] In 2009 24.2% of the population lived in the region's cities and urban-type settlements, and 75.8% in the rural areas.[2]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 200,328 | — |
| 1979 | 237,469 | +1.91% |
| 1989 | 311,761 | +2.76% |
| 1999 | 382,426 | +2.06% |
| 2009 | 428,636 | +1.15% |
| 2021 | 548,247 | +2.07% |
| Note: de jure population; Sources:[2][1] | ||
Ethnic composition
editAccording to the 2009 Census, the ethnic composition of the Batken Region (de jure population) was:[2]
| Ethnic group | Population | Proportion of Batken Region population |
|---|---|---|
| Kyrgyzs | 327,739 | 76.5% |
| Uzbeks | 63,048 | 14.7% |
| Tajiks | 29,569 | 6.9% |
| Russians | 3,560 | 0.8% |
| Tatars | 1,910 | 0.4% |
| Turks | 888 | 0.2% |
| Uygurs | 264 | 0.1% |
| other groups | 1,295 | 0.3% |
Enclaves and exclaves
edit
In the Soviet period, six enclaves and exclaves were established in the Batken area. Two were Tajik, while four others are Uzbek.
Soʻx (or Sokh) (40°02′39″N 71°05′39″E / 40.04417°N 71.09417°E) is an exclave of Uzbekistan, about 24 kilometres east of Batken. The largest of the exclaves, it has an area of ~234 square kilometres, stretches from 3 to 13 kilometres from east to west, and about 35 kilometres north to south, and is crossed by the main highway from Batken to Osh. Tajiks comprise 99 percent of the population, which in 1993 numbered 42,800.[9]
Chon-Qora and Qalacha (not to be confused with Qal'acha), immediately north of Soʻx, are two Uzbek villages within a very small enclave that lies on the river Sokh. It measures 2 kilometres long by 1 kilometre wide with an area of approximately 3 km2. It is part of Soʻx District of Fergana Region. The villages of Chon-Qora (or, in Kyrgyz, Chongara) at 40°15′03″N 71°02′15″E / 40.25083°N 71.03750°E and Qalacha (40°14′10″N 71°02′12″E / 40.23611°N 71.03667°E) are at either end. The Kyrgyz village of Chong-Kara (or, in Uzbek, Chon-Kara) at 40°15′37″N 71°00′41″E / 40.26028°N 71.01139°E lies 2 kilometres northwest.[10][11][12] [Note: The Kyrgyz Cyrillic alphabet contains three characters not present in the Uzbek alphabet. One of these characters is romanized from Kyrgyz as the digraph "ng," which is not present in romanized Uzbek words.][13]
Jani-Ayil (also Dzhangail, Jangy-ayyl or Khalmion) (40°12′09″N 71°39′58″E / 40.20250°N 71.66611°E) is a small exclave of Uzbekistan, about 60 kilometres east of Batken and within 1 km of the Uzbek main border. It measures only 2 to 3 kilometres across.[9]
Lolazor (also Western Qalacha or Qayraghoch) near Kyrgyz town of Kayragach (40°04′05″N 69°32′41″E / 40.06806°N 69.54472°E) is a very small exclave of Tajikistan, located in the northwest corner of the region near the railway station of Stantsiya Kayragach, about 130 kilometres west of Batken.[9] The border separates it from the Tajik town of Qal'acha; hence it is sometimes called "Western Qal'acha."
Shohimardon (39°58′59″N 71°48′18″E / 39.98306°N 71.80500°E), or Shakhimardan, is an exclave of Uzbekistan, about 80 kilometres east of Batken and 19 kilometres south of the Uzbek border. It has an area of ~38.2 square kilometres, and a population in 1993 of 5,100. Uzbeks comprise 91 per cent of the population.[9]
Vorukh (39°51′04″N 70°38′00″E / 39.85111°N 70.63333°E) is an exclave of Tajikistan, with an area of ~96.7 square kilometers, located 45 kilometres south of Isfara and 24 kilometres southwest of Batken, on the right bank of the river Karavshin. The population, distributed among 17 villages, is estimated to be between 23,000 and 29,000, 95 percent of which are Tajiks and 5 percent Kyrgyz.[9]
Travel
edit
The southern mountains offer excellent, but very difficult climbing with many sheer rock faces. Summits are Pyramid Peak [5,509 meters (18,074 ft)] and Pik Skalistiy [5,621 meters (18,442 ft)].
In August 2000, the Batken region received international attention after a group of climbers, including acclaimed climber Tommy Caldwell, was taken hostage by a group of rebel Uzbeks associated with the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan whilst on an expedition in the Kara-Suu Valley. Speaking about scenery of Kara-Suu, Caldwell described the area as "unbelievably beautiful."[14]
Tourism is still relatively undeveloped in the Batken region compared to the rest of Kyrgyzstan.[15] In recent years, the government has shown interest in developing the region[16] and many foreigners have managed to visit with the help of local authorities.[17] The nearby Turkestan Range is often referred to as the "Asian Patagonia" by local trekking operators, in reference to the granite towers and the untouched wilderness that define the area.
Notable people
edit- Rakhat Achylova, sociologist and politician (1941–2015)
Notes
edit- ^ Kyrgyz: Баткен дубаны, romanized: Batken dubany, pronounced [patkʰén tʊwɑnɯ́]
References
edit- ^ a b c d "Population of regions, districts, towns, urban-type settlements, rural communities and villages of Kyrgyz Republic" (XLS) (in Russian). National Statistics Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic. 2021. Archived from the original on 10 November 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g "2009 population and housing census of the Kyrgyz Republic: Batken Region" (PDF) (in Russian). National Statistics Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic. 2010. pp. 14, 17, 48, 185.
- ^ "Закон КР от 13 октября 1999 года №110 "Об образовании Баткенской области Кыргызской Республики"". cbd.minjust.gov.kg.
- ^ "Баткенская область - Регионы - О Кыргызстане - Добро пожаловать в Кыргызстан!".
- ^ Deadly fighting on Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan border kills at least 31, BBC News, 30 April 2021.
- ^ [1], 24.kg News, 10 October 2023.
- ^ a b "Classification system of territorial units of the Kyrgyz Republic" (in Kyrgyz). National Statistics Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic. May 2021. pp. 39–46.
- ^ Basic indicators foreign economic activities, National Committee on Statistics (in Kyrgyz/Russian)
- ^ a b c d e Map of Batken and Osh Regions, Goskartografiya, Bishkek, 2002
- ^ "Complete Files of Geographic Names for Geopolitical Areas from GNS". Archived from the original on 10 April 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
Toponymic information is based on the Geographic Names Database, containing official standard names approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names and maintained by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. More information is available at the Maps and Geodata link at http://www.nga.mil. The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency name, initials, and seal are protected by 10 United States Code Section 425
- ^ National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. "GeoNames WMS Viewer". Archived from the original on 23 July 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ "GeoHack – Batken Province". Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. "Romanization Systems and Policies". Archived from the original on 13 February 2013. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
- ^ Lowell, Josh (25 October 2018). The Dawn Wall (Documentary). Mortimer, Peter.
- ^ Jenish, Nazgul (2017). "Tourism Sector in Kyrgyzstan: Trends and Challenges" (PDF). University of Central Asia Graduate School of Development. 42: 14.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "OSCE supports improvements to tourism infrastructure in Kyrgyzstan's Batken province". OSCE (Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe). 17 April 2014. Archived from the original on 2 June 2014.
- ^ Cope, Ralph (November 2019). "Trekking in Kyrgyzstan – Tips, Tricks, and Where to Start". The Broke Backpacker. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020.
Sources
edit- Laurence Mitchell, Kyrgyzstan, Bradt Travel Guides, 2008.