Myotinae is one of the four subfamilies of Vespertilionidae, itself one of twenty families of bats in the mammalian order Chiroptera and part of the microbat suborder. A member of this subfamily is called a myotine, or a mouse-eared bat. They are found in all continents besides Antarctica, primarily in forests and caves, though some species can also be found in shrublands, grasslands, rocky areas, or deserts. They range in size from the Taiwan broad-muzzled bat, at 3 cm (1 in) plus a 3 cm (1 in) tail, to the large myotis, at 10 cm (4 in) plus a 6 cm (2 in) tail. Like all bats, myotines are capable of true and sustained flight, and have wing lengths ranging from 2 cm (1 in) to 7 cm (3 in). They are all insectivorous and eat a variety of insects and spiders,[1] but some bats with long toes which trawl for insects on top of the water, such as the long-fingered bat Daubenton's bat, Maluku myotis, Rickett's big-footed bat, and pond bat, may sometimes supplement their diet with small fish from still waters. The fish-eating bat also regularly eats fish and crustaceans as well as insects, and is the only bat species that hunts fish in the ocean.[2] Almost no myotines have population estimates, though seven species—the Atacama myotis, eastern small-footed myotis, Findley's myotis, flat-headed myotis, frosted myotis, little brown bat, and peninsular myotis—are categorized as endangered species, and two species—the Nimba myotis and Yanbaru whiskered bat—are categorized as critically endangered.
The 121 extant species of Myotinae are divided between three genera: Eudiscopus and Submyotodon with one species each, and Myotis, or the mouse-eared bats, with the other 119. A few extinct prehistoric myotine species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.[3]
Conventions
edit| Conservation status | |
|---|---|
| EX | Extinct (0 species) |
| EW | Extinct in the wild (0 species) |
| CR | Critically Endangered (2 species) |
| EN | Endangered (7 species) |
| VU | Vulnerable (8 species) |
| NT | Near threatened (11 species) |
| LC | Least concern (65 species) |
| Other categories | |
| DD | Data deficient (28 species) |
| NE | Not evaluated (0 species) |
Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the myotine's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted. Population figures are rounded to the nearest hundred.
Classification
editMyotinae, one of the four subfamilies of the family Vespertilionidae, contains 121 extant species divided into 3 genera.
Subfamily Myotinae
- Genus Eudiscopus (disk-footed bat): one species
- Genus Myotis (mouse-eared bats): 119 species
- Genus Submyotodon (Taiwan broad-muzzled bat): one species
Myotines
editThe following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists.[4]
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disk-footed bat
|
E. denticulus (Osgood, 1932) |
Southeastern Asia
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest[6] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcathoe bat
|
M. alcathoe von Helversen & Heller, 2001 |
Europe and Turkey
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest[8] |
DD
|
| Anjouan myotis
|
M. anjouanensis Dorst, 1960 |
Madagascar
|
Size: About 5 cm (2 in), plus about 5 cm (2 in) tail about 4 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Unknown[9] |
DD
|
| Anna Tess's bat
|
M. annatessae Kruskop & Borisenko, 2013 |
Vietnam and Laos
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest[11] |
DD
|
| Annamit myotis
|
M. annamiticus Kruskop & Tsytsulina, 2001 |
Vietnam
|
Size: About 4 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail about 4 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands[12] |
DD
|
| Arizona myotis
|
M. occultus Hollister, 1909 |
Mexico and southwestern United States
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, caves, and desert[13] |
LC
|
| Atacama myotis
|
M. atacamensis Lataste, 1892 |
Chile and Peru
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Shrubland, rocky areas, and desert[15] |
EN
|
| Australian myotis
|
M. australis Dobson, 1878 |
Australia
|
Size: Unknown[16] Habitat: Unknown[16] |
DD
|
| Barbados myotis
|
M. nyctor LaVal & Schwartz, 1974 |
Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean | Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest and caves[17] |
VU
|
| Bechstein's bat
|
M. bechsteinii (Kuhl, 1817) |
Europe and western Asia
|
Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and caves[19] |
NT
|
| Beijing mouse-eared bat
|
M. pequinius Thomas, 1908 |
Eastern China
|
Size: About 6 cm (2 in), plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest and caves[20] |
LC
|
| Black myotis
|
M. nigricans Schinz, 1821 Four subspecies
|
Mexico, Central America, and South America
|
Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and caves[21] |
LC
|
| Bocharic myotis
|
M. bucharensis Kuzyakin, 1950 |
Central Asia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Caves[22] |
DD
|
| Bornean whiskered myotis
|
M. borneoensis Hill & Francis, 1984 |
Island of Borneo (in green)
|
Size: Unknown length, plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest[23] |
DD
|
| Brandt's bat
|
M. brandtii (Eversmann, 1845) Two subspecies
|
Europe and western Asia (in red)
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, and caves[24] |
LC
|
| Burmese whiskered myotis
|
M. montivagus (Dobson, 1874) |
Southern Asia (in leftmost red)
|
Size: Unknown length 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest and caves[25] |
DD
|
| California myotis
|
M. californicus (Audubon & Bachman, 1842) Four subspecies
|
Western North America
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest, caves, and desert[26] |
LC
|
| Cape hairy bat
|
M. tricolor (Temminck, 1832) |
Sub-Saharan Africa
|
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and shrubland[27] |
LC
|
| Cave myotis
|
M. velifer (Allen, 1890) Five subspecies
|
United States and Mexico
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest and caves[28] |
LC
|
| Chilean myotis
|
M. chiloensis (Waterhouse, 1840) |
Southern South America
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Rocky areas and forest[29] |
LC
|
| Chinese water myotis
|
M. laniger Peters, 1870 |
Eastern Asia
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest and caves[30] |
LC
|
| Cinnamon myotis
|
M. fortidens Miller & Allen, 1928 Two subspecies
|
Guatemala and Mexico
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest and caves[31] |
LC
|
| Cryptic myotis
|
M. crypticus Ruedi, Ibáñez, Salicini, Juste, & Puechmaille, 2019 |
Southern Europe | Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[32] |
NT
|
| Csorba's mouse-eared bat
|
M. csorbai Topál, 1997 |
Nepal | Size: Unknown[33] Habitat: Forest[33] |
DD
|
| Curacao myotis
|
M. nesopolus Miller, 1900 Two subspecies
|
Northern South America
|
Size: About 3 cm (1 in), plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail 2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest and shrubland[34] |
LC
|
| Dark-nosed small-footed myotis
|
M. melanorhinus Merriam, 1890 |
Western North America
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Caves and forest[35] |
LC
|
| Daubenton's bat
|
M. daubentonii (Kuhl, 1817) Six subspecies
|
Europe and Asia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, inland wetlands, rocky areas, caves, and neritic marine[36] |
LC
|
| David's myotis
|
M. davidii Peters, 1869 |
Eastern Asia
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Caves and forest[37] |
LC
|
| Diminutive bat
|
M. diminutus Moratelli & Wilson, 2011 |
Ecuador and Colombia | Size: About 4 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail about 3 cm (1 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest[38] |
DD
|
| Dinelli's myotis
|
M. dinellii Thomas, 1902 |
Southern South America (in green)
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest[39] |
LC
|
| Dominican myotis
|
M. dominicensis Miller, 1902 |
Dominica and Guadeloupe in the Caribbean
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Inland wetlands and caves[40] |
VU
|
| Eastern long-fingered bat
|
M. macrodactylus (Temminck, 1840) Three subspecies
|
Eastern Asia
|
Size: 4–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[41] |
LC
|
| Eastern small-footed myotis
|
M. leibii Audubon & Bachman, 1842 |
Eastern United States and Canada
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Caves, rocky areas, and forest[42] |
EN
|
| Eastern water bat
|
M. petax Hollister, 1912 |
Eastern Asia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Caves, inland wetlands, and forest[43] |
LC
|
| Elegant myotis
|
M. elegans Hall, 1962 |
Mexico and Central America
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest[44] |
LC
|
| Escalera's bat
|
M. escalerai A. Cabrera, 1904 |
Southwestern Europe | Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and caves[45] |
NT
|
| Far Eastern myotis
|
M. bombinus Thomas, 1906 Two subspecies
|
Eastern Asia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest and caves[46] |
NT
|
| Felten's myotis
|
M. punicus Felten, 1977 |
Northern Africa and Mediterranean islands
|
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Caves, grassland, shrubland, and forest[47] |
DD
|
| Fish-eating bat
|
M. vivesi Ménégaux, 1901 |
Western Mexico
|
Size: 8–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Rocky areas and caves[48] |
VU
|
| Findley's myotis
|
M. findleyi Bogan, 1978 |
Tres Marías Islands west of Mexico
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Unknown[49] |
EN
|
| Flat-headed myotis
|
M. planiceps Baker, 1955 |
Central Mexico
|
Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–3 cm (1–1 in) tail 2–3 cm (1–1 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest and caves[50] |
EN
|
| Fraternal myotis
|
M. frater (Allen, 1923) |
Eastern Asia (in red)
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest and caves[51] |
LC
|
| Fringed long-footed myotis
|
M. fimbriatus Peters, 1870 |
Eastern Asia
|
Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Caves[52] |
LC
|
| Fringed myotis
|
M. thysanodes Miller, 1897 Four subspecies
|
Western North America
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, caves, and desert[53] |
LC
|
| Frosted myotis
|
M. pruinosus Yoshiyuki, 1971 |
Japan
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest and caves[54] |
EN
|
| Geoffroy's bat
|
M. emarginatus (Geoffroy, 1806) Three subspecies
|
Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Caves, grassland, and shrubland[55] |
LC
|
| Gomantong myotis
|
M. gomantongensis Francis & Hill, 1998 |
Island of Borneo in Malaysia
|
Size: Unknown length, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Caves[56] |
LC
|
| Gray bat
|
M. grisescens Howell, 1909 |
Eastern United States
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest and caves[57] |
VU
|
| Greater mouse-eared bat
|
M. myotis (Borkhausen, 1797) Two subspecies
|
Europe and western Asia
|
Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and caves[58] |
LC
|
| Guatemalan myotis
|
M. cobanensis Goodwin, 1955 |
Guatemala
|
Size: About 4 cm (2 in), plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail about 4 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Unknown[59] |
DD
|
| Hairy-faced bat
|
M. annectans Dobson, 1871 |
Southern and southeastern Asia
|
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest[60] |
LC
|
| Hairy-legged myotis
|
M. keaysi Allen, 1914 Two subspecies
|
Mexico, Central America, and northern and western South America
|
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail Unknown arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest[61] |
LC
|
| Herman's myotis
|
M. hermani Thomas, 1923 |
Indonesia
|
Size: 5–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest[62] |
DD
|
| Himalayan whiskered bat
|
M. siligorensis Horsfield, 1855 Four subspecies
|
Central, eastern, and southeastern Asia
|
Size: Unknown length about 3 cm (1 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest and caves[63] |
LC
|
| Hodgson's bat
|
M. formosus (Hodgson, 1835) |
Central and eastern, and southeastern Asia | Size: 5–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and caves[64] |
NT
|
| Horsfield's bat
|
M. horsfieldii Temminck, 1840 Five subspecies
|
Southern and southeastern Asia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest and caves[65] |
LC
|
| Ikonnikov's bat
|
M. ikonnikovi Ogniov, 1912 |
Eastern Asia
|
Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[66] |
LC
|
| Indiana bat
|
M. sodalis Miller, 1898 |
Eastern United States
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest and caves[67] |
NT
|
| Indochinese mouse-eared bat
|
M. indochinensis Son, Motokawa, Estók, Thong, Dang, Oshida, Csorba, Francis, Görföl, & Endō, 2013 |
Vietnam and China
|
Size: Unknown length 4–5 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest[68] |
DD
|
| Insular myotis
|
M. insularum Dobson, 1878 |
American Samoa | Size: About 4 cm (2 in), plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail about 4 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Unknown[69] |
DD
|
| Izecksohn's myotis
|
M. izecksohni Moratelli, Peracchi, Dias, & de Oliveira, 2011 |
Brazil and Argentina
|
Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest[70] |
DD
|
| Kashmir cave bat
|
M. longipes Dobson, 1873 |
Southern Asia | Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest and caves[71] |
DD
|
| Keen's myotis
|
M. keenii (Merriam, 1895) |
Western Canada and United States
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest and rocky areas[72] |
LC
|
| Kei myotis
|
M. stalkeri Thomas, 1910 |
Indonesia
|
Size: 4–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 5–6 cm (2–2 in) tail 5–6 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[73] |
LC
|
| Kock's mouse-eared bat
|
M. dieteri Happold, 2005 |
Republic of the Congo | Size: About 5 cm (2 in), plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail about 4 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest and caves[74] |
DD
|
| Large myotis
|
M. chinensis Tomes, 1857 |
Eastern and southeastern Asia
|
Size: 9–10 cm (4–4 in), plus 5–6 cm (2–2 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[75] |
LC
|
| Large-footed bat
|
M. adversus Horsfield, 1824 Six subspecies
|
Southeastern Asia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[76] |
LC
|
| Large-footed myotis
|
M. macropus (Gould, 1854) |
Eastern Australia | Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Inland wetlands and caves[77] |
LC
|
| LaVal's myotis
|
M. lavali Moratelli, Peracchi, Dias, & de Oliveira, 2011 |
Central and eastern South America
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and grassland[78] |
LC
|
| Lesser large-footed bat
|
M. hasseltii Temminck, 1840 Four subspecies
|
Southern and southeastern Asia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest and caves[79] |
LC
|
| Lesser mouse-eared bat
|
M. blythii Tomes, 1857 Four subspecies
|
Europe and Asia
|
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus about 6 cm (2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and caves[80] |
LC
|
| Little brown bat
|
M. lucifugus (Conte, 1831) Five subspecies
|
United States and Canada
|
Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest and caves[81] |
EN
|
| Long-eared myotis
|
M. evotis (H. Allen, 1864) Six subspecies
|
Western North America
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Caves, rocky areas, and forest[82] |
LC
|
| Long-fingered bat
|
M. capaccinii Bonaparte, 1837 |
Southern Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Shrubland, inland wetlands, and caves[83] |
VU
|
| Long-legged myotis
|
M. volans H. Allen, 1866 Four subspecies
|
Western North America
|
Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, caves, and desert[84] |
LC
|
| Long-tailed myotis
|
M. longicaudatus Ogniov, 1927 Four subspecies
|
Eastern Asia (excluding red)
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[85] |
LC
|
| Long-toed myotis
|
M. secundus Ruedi, Csorba, Lin, & Chou, 2015 |
Taiwan | Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest[86] |
LC
|
| Malagasy mouse-eared bat
|
M. goudoti Smith, 1834 |
Madagascar
|
Size: Unknown length 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves[87] |
LC
|
| Malaysian whiskered myotis
|
M. federatus Thomas, 1916 |
Malaysia (in blue)
|
Size: About 5 cm (2 in), plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest[88] |
DD
|
| Maluku myotis
|
M. moluccarum Thomas, 1915 Three subspecies
|
Indonesia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands[89] |
LC
|
| Mandelli's mouse-eared bat
|
M. sicarius Thomas, 1915 |
India and Nepal | Size: 5–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest and caves[90] |
VU
|
| Montane myotis
|
M. oxyotus Peters, 1867 Two subspecies
|
Northern and western South America
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest[91] |
LC
|
| Morris's bat
|
M. morrisi Hill, 1971 |
Ethiopia and Nigeria
|
Size: About 5 cm (2 in), plus about 5 cm (2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Savanna and caves[92] |
DD
|
| Natterer's bat
|
M. nattereri (Kuhl, 1817) Two subspecies
|
Europe and western Asia | Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, and caves[93] |
LC
|
| Nepal myotis
|
M. nipalensis Dobson, 1871 Three subspecies
|
Central and western Asia
|
Size: About 4 cm (2 in), plus about 33–5 cm (1–2 in) tail about 3 cm (1 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, caves, and desert[94] |
LC
|
| Nimba myotis
|
M. nimbaensis Simmons, Flanders, Fils, Parker, Suter, Bamba, Douno, Keita, Morales, & Frick, 2021 |
Guinea | Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail 5–6 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest, grassland, inland wetlands, caves, and shrubland[95] |
CR
|
| Northern long-eared bat
|
M. septentrionalis Trouessart, 1897 |
Canada and eastern United States
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest and caves[96] |
NT
|
| Orange-fingered myotis
|
M. rufopictus (Waterhouse, 1845) |
Indonesia
|
Size: About 6 cm (2 in), plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest[97] |
DD
|
| Pallid large-footed myotis
|
M. macrotarsus Waterhouse, 1845 Two subspecies
|
Indonesia
|
Size: About 6 cm (2 in), plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Caves[98] |
LC
|
| Peninsular myotis
|
M. peninsularis Miller, 1898 |
Southern Baja California peninsula
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest and caves[99] |
EN
|
| Peters's myotis
|
M. ater (Peters, 1866) Two subspecies
|
Southeastern Asia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest[100] |
LC
|
| Peyton's myotis
|
M. peytoni Wroughton & Ryley, 1913 |
Southern India (in yellow)
|
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest[101] |
DD
|
| Pond bat
|
M. dasycneme (Boie, 1825) |
Europe and northern Asia
|
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[102] |
NT
|
| Red myotis
|
M. ruber Geoffroy, 1806 |
Southeastern South America
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest[103] |
NT
|
| Reddish myotis
|
M. soror Ruedi, Csorba, Lin, & Chou, 2015 |
Taiwan | Size: About 5 cm (2 in), plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail about 4 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest[104] |
DD
|
| Reddish-black myotis
|
M. rufoniger (Tomes, 1858) |
Eastern Asia
|
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest and caves[105] |
LC
|
| Rickett's big-footed bat
|
M. pilosus Peters, 1869 |
Eastern Asia
|
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands[106] |
VU
|
| Ridley's bat
|
M. ridleyi Thomas, 1898 |
Southeastern Asia
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Caves, inland wetlands, and forest[107] |
NT
|
| Riparian myotis
|
M. riparius Handley, 1960 |
Central America and South America
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest[108] |
LC
|
| Rufous mouse-eared bat
|
M. bocagii Peters, 1870 Three subspecies
|
Scattered sub-Saharan Africa and Yemen
|
Size: 5–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest and savanna[109] |
LC
|
| Schaub's myotis
|
M. schaubi Kormos, 1934 Two subspecies
|
Armenia and Iran | Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[18] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and caves[110] |
DD
|
| Schwartz's myotis
|
M. martiniquensis LaVal, 1973 |
Barbados and Martinique in the Caribbean
|
Size: Unknown length 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Caves[111] |
NT
|
| Scott's mouse-eared bat
|
M. scotti Thomas, 1927 |
Ethiopia | Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest and shrubland[112] |
VU
|
| Siberian bat
|
M. sibiricus (Kastschenko, 1905) |
Northeastern Asia (in green)
|
Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest, savanna, rocky areas, and caves[113] |
LC
|
| Silver-tipped myotis
|
M. albescens Geoffroy, 1806 |
Central America and South America
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest[114] |
LC
|
| Singapore whiskered bat
|
M. oreias (Temminck, 1840) |
Singapore
|
Size: Unknown[115] Habitat: Unknown[115] |
DD
|
| Southeastern myotis
|
M. austroriparius (Rhoads, 1897) |
Southeastern United States
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest and caves[116] |
LC
|
| Southern myotis
|
M. aelleni Baud, 1979 |
Argentina
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Unknown[117] |
DD
|
| Southwestern myotis
|
M. auriculus Baker & Stains, 1955 Two subspecies
|
Southern United States and Mexico
|
Size: 5–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest, caves, and desert[118] |
LC
|
| Szechwan myotis
|
M. altarium Thomas, 1911 |
China and Thailand
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Caves[119] |
LC
|
| Thick-thumbed myotis
|
M. rosseti Oei, 1951 |
Southeastern Asia
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest[120] |
LC
|
| Velvety myotis
|
M. simus Thomas, 1901 |
Western, central, and eastern South America
|
Size: 5–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest[121] |
DD
|
| Wall-roosting mouse-eared bat
|
M. muricola (Gray, 1846) Seven subspecies
|
Southeastern Asia
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest and caves[122] |
LC
|
| Weber's myotis
|
M. weberi (Jentink, 1890) |
Sulawesi island in Indonesia | Size: About 6 cm (2 in), plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest[123] |
DD
|
| Welwitsch's bat
|
M. welwitschii (Gray, 1866) |
Western, eastern, and southern Africa
|
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 5–6 cm (2–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland[124] |
LC
|
| Western small-footed bat
|
M. ciliolabrum (Merriam, 1842) |
Western North America
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, caves, and desert[125] |
LC
|
| Whiskered bat
|
M. mystacinus (Kuhl, 1817) Three subspecies
|
Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[7] Habitat: Desert, caves, grassland, shrubland, and forest[126] |
LC
|
| Yanbaru whiskered bat
|
M. yanbarensis Maeda & Matsumura, 1998 |
Ryukyu Islands in Japan
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[10] Habitat: Forest[127] |
CR
|
| Yellowish myotis
|
M. levis Geoffroy, 1806 |
Southeastern South America (in red)
|
Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest[128] |
LC
|
| Yuma myotis
|
M. yumanensis H. Allen, 1864 Six subspecies
|
Western North America
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[14] Habitat: Forest and caves[129] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taiwan broad-muzzled bat
|
S. latirostris (Kishida, 1932) |
Taiwan | Size: 3–4 cm (1–2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[5] Habitat: Forest[130] |
LC
|
References
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- ^ a b Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2016). "Myotis chiloensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14151A22061103. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T14151A22061103.en.
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- ^ a b Solari, S. (2017). "Myotis diminutus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T88151417A88151431. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T88151417A88151431.en.
- ^ a b Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2016). "Myotis dinellii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136204A22009702. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T136204A22009702.en.
- ^ a b Larsen, R. (2016). "Myotis dominicensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14155A22057933. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T14155A22057933.en.
- ^ a b Fukui, D.; Sun, K.; Kruskop, S. V. (2019). "Myotis macrodactylus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T14177A22065868. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T14177A22065868.en.
- ^ a b Solari, S. (2018). "Myotis leibii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T14172A22055716. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T14172A22055716.en.
- ^ a b Fukui, D.; Sano, A. (2020). "Myotis petax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T85342726A85342734. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T85342726A85342734.en.
- ^ a b Miller, B.; Rodriguez, B. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Myotis elegans". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14156A115121563. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T14156A22057814.en.
- ^ a b Russo, D.; Cistrone, L. (2023). "Myotis escalerai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2023: e.T85733126A211003991. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T85733126A211003991.en.
- ^ a b Fukui, D.; Sano, A.; Kruskop, S. V. (2019). "Myotis bombinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T14149A22061650. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T14149A22061650.en.
- ^ a b Juste, J.; Paunović, M. (2016). "Myotis punicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T44864A22073410. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T44864A22073410.en.
- ^ a b Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Ospina-Garces, S. (2016). "Myotis vivesi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14209A22069146. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T14209A22069146.en.
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- ^ a b Solari, S. (2018). "Myotis oxyotus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T14187A22067211. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T14187A22067211.en.
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