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List of state leaders in the 10th century

(Redirected from List of state leaders in 938)

Lists of state leaders by century
See also

This is a list of state leaders in the 10th century (901–1000) AD, except for the many leaders within the Holy Roman Empire.

Africa

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Africa: East

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Ethiopia

Africa: Northeast

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Egypt

Sudan

Africa: Northcentral

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Ifriqiya

  • Yusuf Abu Hatim ibn Muhammad Abi l-Yaqzan, Imam (894–895, 899–906)
  • Yaqzan ibn Muhammad Abi l-Yaqzan, Imam (906–909)

Africa: Northwest

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  • Abu Ghafir Muhammad, King (c.888–917)
  • Abu al-Ansar Abdullah, King (c.917–961)
  • Abu Mansur Isa, King (c.961-?)

Africa: West

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Nigeria

  • Eri, King (948–1041)

Americas

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Americas: Mesoamerica

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Maya civilization

  • Aj Took', King (c.909)

Asia

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Asia: Central

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Afghanistan

Uzbekistan

Tibet

Asia: East

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China: Tang dynasty

  • Zhaozong, Emperor (888–904)
  • Ai, Emperor (904–907)

Khitan China: Liao dynasty

Northern China: The Five Dynasties

Southern China: The Ten Kingdoms

China: Northern Song

China: Other states and entities

  • Yiwu Circuit –

Japan

Korea

Asia: Southeast

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Cambodia

Indonesia

Indonesia: Java
  • Windusakti Prabu Dewageng, Maharaja (895–913)
  • Rakeyan Kemuning Gading Prabu Pucukwesi, Maharaja (913–916)
  • Rakeyan Jayagiri Prabu Wanayasa, Maharaja (916–942)
  • Prabu Resi Atmayadarma Hariwangsa, Maharaja (942–954)
  • Limbur Kancana, Maharaja (954–964)
  • Prabu Munding Ganawirya, Maharaja (964–973)
  • Prabu Jayagiri Rakeyan Wulung Gadung, Maharaja (973–989)
  • Prabu Brajawisesa, Maharaja (989–1012)
Shailendra dynasty/Sanjaya dynasty
  • Balitung, King (899–911)
  • Daksa, King (910–919)
  • Tulodong, King (919–924)
  • Wawa, King (924–929)
Isyana dynasty
Indonesia: Sumatra
Indonesia: Lesser Sunda Islands

Malaysia: Peninsular

  • Darma Raja II, Maharaja (c.880–956)
  • Durbar II, Raja (c.956–1136)[citation needed]

Myanmar / Burma

Philippines

  • Datu Bantuan, Rajah (?–989)
  • Kiling, Rajah (989–1009)

Thailand

  • Lao Thoeng, King (early 10th century)
  • Lao Tueng, King (mid 10th century)
  • Lao Khon, King (late 10th century)

Vietnam

  • Jaya Sinhavarman I, King (c.898/903)
  • Jaya Saktivarman, King (?)
  • Bhadravarman II, King (fl. 910)
  • Indravarman III, King (c.918–959)
  • Jaya Indravarman I, King (959–c.965)
  • Paramesvaravarman I, King (c.965–982)
  • Indravarman IV, King (982–986)
  • Lieou Ki-Tsong, of Annam, King (c.986–989)
  • Harivarman II, King (c.989–997)
  • Yang Bo Zhan, of Fan, King (?)
  • Yang Pu Ku Vijaya, King (c.998–1007)

Asia: South

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Afghanistan

Bengal and Northeast India

India

  • Sorha Deva, King (966–1006)
  • Goda Ravi, King (c.883–913)
  • Kotha Kotha Kerala Kesari, King (c.913–c.943)
  • Indu Kotha, King (943–962)
  • Bhaskara Ravi Manukuladithya, King (962–1021)
  • Gunamaharnava I, King (c.895–939)
  • Vajrahasta II (or Anangabhimadeva I), King (c.895–939)
  • Gundama, King (939–942)
  • Kamarnava I, King (942–977)
  • Vinayaditya, King (977–980)
  • Vajrahasta Aniyakabhima, King (980–1015)[7]
  • Rachamalla II, King (870–907)
  • Ereganga Neetimarga II, King (907–921)
  • Narasimha, King (921–933)
  • Rachamalla III, King (933–938)
  • Butuga II, King (938–961)
  • Marulaganga Neetimarga, King (961–963)
  • Marasimha II Satyavakya, King (963–975)
  • Rachamalla IV Satyavakya, King (975–986)
  • Rachamalla V, King (986–999)
  • Rakkasa Ganga, King (985–1024)
  • Bhakti Pal, King (895–919)
  • Jayachand Pal, King (920–948)
  • Prithvi Pal, King (949–971)
  • Medinisen Pal, King (973–995)
  • Agasti Pal, King (995–1014)
  • Shankaragana II, King (890–910)
  • Balaharsha, King (910–915)
  • Yuvaraja-deva I, King (915–945)
  • Lakshmanaraja II, King (945–970)
  • Shankaragana III, King (970–980)
  • Yuvarajadeva II, King (980–990)
  • Kokalla II, King (990–1015)[8]
  • Nimbarta Dev, King (900–915)
  • Istanga, King (915–930)
  • Lalitasura Dev, King (930–955)
  • Bhu Dev, King (955–970)
  • Salonaditya, King (970–985)
  • Ichchhata Dev, King (985–1000)
  • Deshat Dev, King (1000–1015)
  • Utpala-raja, King (c.910–930)
  • Arnno-raja, or Aranya-raja, King (c.930–950)
  • Krishna-raja, King (c.950–979)
  • Dhara-varaha or Dharani-varaha, King (c.970–990)
  • Dhurbhata, King (c.990–1000)[9]: 103 [10]: 270 

Pakistan

Sri Lanka

Asia: West

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Mesopotamia

Emirate of Mosul
Emirate of Aleppo

Persia

Buyids in Fars
Buyids in Ray
Buyids in Iraq

Yemen

Europe

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States of Europe in 998 AD.

Europe: Balkans

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Europe: British Isles

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Great Britain: Scotland

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Great Britain: Northumbria

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Great Britain: England

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Great Britain: Wales

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Ireland

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  • Domnall mac Áeda, King (887–915)
  • Niall Glúndub mac Áeda, King (896–919)
  • Flaithbertach mac Domnaill, King (916–919)
  • Fergal mac Domnaill, King (919–938)
  • Muirchertach mac Néill, King (938–943)
  • Domnall mac Muirchertaig ua Néill, King (943–980)
  • Flaithbertach mac Muirchertaig meic Néill, King (943–949)
  • Flaithbertach mac Conchobair, King (956–962)
  • Tadg mac Conchobair, King (956–962)
  • Conn mac Conchobair, King (956–962)
  • Murchad Glun re Lar mac Flaithbertaigh, King (962–972)
  • Fergal mac Domnaill meic Conaing, King (980–989)
  • Áed mac Domnaill Ua Néill, King (989–1004)
  • Maol Craoibh ua Duibh Sionach, King (?–917)
  • Fogarthach mac Donnegan, King (?–947)
  • Egneach mac Dalach, King (?–961)
  • Donnacan mac Maelmuire, King (?–970)
  • Mac Eiccnigh mac Dalagh, King (?–998)
  • Mac Leiginn mac Cerbaill, King (?–1022)
  • Flann mac Tighearnáin, Lord (c.910)
  • Cernachan mac Tighearnáin, King (?–931)
  • Conghalach mac Cathaláin, Lord (c.935)
  • Cléircén son of Tigernán, King (c.937)
  • Fergal ua Ruairc, King (?)
  • (Sean) Fergal Ó Ruairc, King (c.964–967)
  • Niall Ó Ruairc, heir (1000–1001)
  • Flann Sinna mac Maíl Sechnaill, King (877–916)
  • Conchobar mac Flainn, King (916–919)
  • Donnchad Donn mac Flainn, King (919–944)
  • Oengus mac Donnchada, King (944–945/946)
  • Donnchad mac Domnaill, King (945/946–950)
  • Fergal Got mac Oengussa, King (c.950)
  • Aed mac Mael Ruanaid, King (c.950–951)
  • Domnall mac Donnchada, King (951–952)
  • Carlus mac Cuinn, King (952–960)
  • Donnchad Finn mac Aeda, King (960–974)
  • Muirchertach mac Mael Sechnaill, King (974–c.976)
  • Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, King (975/976–1022)
  • Áed mac Eochocáin, King (898–919)
  • Dubgall mac Áeda, King (919–925)
  • Loingsech mac Cinn Etig, King (925–932)
  • Eochaid mac Conaill, King (932–937)
  • Matudán mac Áeda, King (937–950)
  • Ardgal mac Matudáin, King (950–970)
  • Niall mac Áeda, King (970–971)
  • Áed mac Loingsig, King (971–972)
  • Eochaid mac Ardgail, King (972–1004)

Europe: Central

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Holy Roman Empire in Germany

See also List of state leaders in the 10th-century Holy Roman Empire
  • Louis the Child, King (899–911)
  • Conrad I, King (911–918)
  • Henry I, King (919–936)
  • Otto I, King (936–973), Holy Roman Emperor (962–973)
  • Otto II, King (961–983), Holy Roman Emperor (967–983)
  • Otto III, King (983–1002), Holy Roman Emperor (996–1002)

Hungary

  • Árpád, Grand Prince (c.895–c.907)
  • Zoltán, Grand Prince (c.907–c.948)
  • Fajsz, Grand Prince (c. 948)
  • Taksony, Grand Prince (c.955–c.973)
  • Géza, Grand Prince (c.973–997)
  • Stephen I, Grand Prince (997–1000), King (1000–1038)

Moravia

Poland

Europe: East

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Europe: Nordic

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Denmark

Norway

Sweden

Europe: Southcentral

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States of Italy in 1000 AD.

Holy Roman Empire in Italy

See also List of state leaders in the 10th-century Holy Roman Empire#Italy
Integrum: Simultaneous claimants
Ottonian dynasty

Southern Italy

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Europe: Southwest

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Iberian Peninsula: Christian

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Iberian Peninsula: Christian

Iberian Peninsula: Muslim

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Iberian Peninsula: Muslim

Marca Hispanica

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Marca Hispanica

Europe: West

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  • Adelelm, Count (?–932)
  • Alan I, King (876–907)
  • Gourmaëlon, ruler (907–c.914)
  • Hroflr, Viking ruler (early 10th century)
  • Rognvaldr, Viking ruler (early 10th century)
  • Incon, Viking ruler (early 10th century)
  • Alan II, Duke (938–952)
  • Drogo, Duke (952–958)
  • Hoël I, Duke (960–981)
  • Guerech, Duke (981–988)
  • Conan I, Duke (990–992))
  • Geoffrey I, Duke (992–1008)

Eurasia: Caucasus

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  • Adarnase II, King (897–943)
  • Ishchanik, King (943–951)
  • Iany I, King (951–959)

Oceania

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Easter Island

  • Uremata, King (?)
  • Te Riri Tuu Kura, King (?)
  • Korua Rongo, King (?)
  • Tiki Te Hatu, King (?)
  • Tiki Tena, King (?)
  • Uru Kenu, King (c.1000)

Tonga

  • 'Aho'eitu, King (c. 950)
  • Lolofakangalo, King (?)
  • Fangaʻoneʻone, King (?)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ This is primarily covered in the chronicle of al-Nuwayri.
  2. ^ On the rise of the Fatimids, see Ibn Khaldoun (v.2 App. #2(pp.496–549))
  3. ^ See al-Nuwayri (v.2, App.1) and Ibn Khaldoun, v.2
  4. ^ L. Petech (1980), 'Ya-ts'e, Gu-ge, Pu-rang: A new study', The Central Asiatic Journal 24, pp. 85–111; R. Vitali (1996), The kingdoms of Gu.ge Pu.hrang. Dharamsala: Tho.ling gtsug.lag.khang.
  5. ^ Dikshit, R. K. (1976). The Candellas of Jejākabhukti. Abhinav. p. 25. ISBN 9788170170464.
  6. ^ Sushil Kumar Sullerey (2004). Chandella Art. Aakar Books. p. 25. ISBN 978-81-87879-32-9.
  7. ^ Sailendra Nath Sen (1999). Ancient Indian History and Civilization. New Age International, 1999 - India - 668 pages. p. 437. ISBN 9788122411980.
  8. ^ Rajiv Kumar Verma (2015). "Kalachuri Inscriptions : A Reflection of Dwindling Political Power" (PDF). Veethika. 1 (3).
  9. ^ Dániel Balogh (2012). "Raṇasiṃha Revisited: A New Copper-plate Inscription of the Candrāvatī Paramāra Dynasty". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. Third Series. 22 (1): 93–106. JSTOR 41490376.
  10. ^ Dániel Balogh (2010). "A copperplate land grant by Raṇasiṃhadeva of the Candrāvatī Paramāras". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 63 (3): 259–273. doi:10.1556/AOrient.63.2010.3.3. JSTOR 23659005.
  11. ^ Woolf (2007) pp. 140–41
  12. ^ Howorth (1911) p. 12
  13. ^ Downham (2007) p. 185
  14. ^ Encyclopaedia of Wales
  15. ^ Sveerne (konung of Holmgård (Novgorod) and Kønugård (Kiev))
  16. ^ Olga was first of Rurikid to be baptized by Emperor Constantine VII but failed to bring Christianity to Kiev
  17. ^ Leszek Moczulski, Narodziny Międzymorza, p.475, Bellona SA, Warszawa 2007, ISBN 978-83-11-10826-4
  18. ^ Ярополк is modern Ukrainian, Jaropełk is Polish, Jaropluk is Czech, Jaropelkas is Lithuanian, Iaropelkos is Greek, Jaropolk is German and Swedish.
  19. ^ Krag, Claus (1995). Vikingtid og rikssamling: 800–1130. Aschehougs norgeshistorie. Vol. 2. p. 101. ISBN 8203220150.
  20. ^ a b Debord, 99–103; and Bourgeois, 387 and 389–91.
  21. ^ Debord, 99–103; and Bourgeois, 387 and 391.
  22. ^ Adémar II was one of two known sons of William II, but his status as count is only supported by one possible reading of his father's will. Debord (99–103) notes that he might have become count, while Bourgeois rejects the possibility (387 and 392). For William II's will, see: Paul Lefrancq, ed., Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Cybard (Angoulême: Imprimerie Ouvrière, 1930), #222.
  23. ^ Debord, 99–103; and Bourgeois, 387 and 392–93
  24. ^ a b c Debord, 99–103; and Bourgeois, 387 and 392–93.
  25. ^ Debord, 99–103 omits Richard; Bourgeois, 387 and 392–93, accepts him. Only mentioned in Adémar de Chabannes' chronicle, if he ruled at all it would have been in 975. Ademari Cabannensis opera omnia pars 1: Chronicon, ed. Pascale Bourgain, Richard Landes, and Georges Pon, Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis 129 (Turnhout: Brepols, 1999), III.28, 148.
  26. ^ Bourgeois, 387.
  27. ^ Bourgeois, 387.
  28. ^ Monarchs, Counts, Dynasties And Kingdoms Of The World, by R F Tapsell, 1983, Facts On File, Inc., New York, NY, page 211.
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