Ghulam Mohiuddin Hajni (21 June 1917 – 21 January 1993[1]) was a Kashmiri writer, critic,[2] political activist and teacher.[3][4] He wrote in regional and foreign languages such as Urdu, Persian, Arabic and primarily in Kashmiri language. In 1970, he became the recipient of Sahitya Akademi Award for his research publication titled Maqalati Hajini.[citation needed]
Prof. Mohiuddin Hajni | |
|---|---|
 Ghulam Mohiuddin Hajni | |
| Born | Ghulam Mohiuddin Hajni August 21, 1917 Hajin, J&K, British India |
| Died | January 21, 1993 (aged 75) Bandipora, J&K, India |
| Resting place | Hajin, Bandipora |
| Pen name | Mohiuddin Hajni |
| Occupation |
|
| Language | Kashmiri
|
| Education | LLB Diploma in Journalism |
| Alma mater | S.P College Aligarh Muslim University |
| Subjects | Language, Art, Literature, Culture, Politics |
| Notable awards | Sahitya Akademi Award |
He translated One Thousand and One Nights (often known as Alif Laila), into Kashmiri language, and sometimes used to wrote radio dramas and poetry. During his career, he criticised the political doctrine of Sheikh Abdullah, 3rd chief ministers and 2nd prime minister of Jammu and Kashmir.
Education and background
editHe was born on 21 June 1917 at Hajin village of Bandipora district in the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, within British India.[citation needed] He attended Sopore School and then obtained Bachelor’s degree from Sri Pratap College in Srinagar.[citation needed] He later went to Uttar Pradesh where he obtained master’s degree in Arabic from Aligarh Muslim University.[citation needed] After completing master's, he obtained Bachelor of Laws degree and diploma in Journalism.[1] He also taught at S.P College until he retired from the service.[citation needed]
Literary work
editBesides his appearance in Kashmiri and other non-native literatures, he was involved in resistance literature, writing in protest of Dogra rule.[5][6] He wrote Grees Sund Ghara (Peasant's House), the first resistance radio play written in Kashmiri language, which was published in 1917. Later, it appeared in 1939 in a journal and fifteen years later in a book. The play is also known for its Shakespeare's writing style ever written in Kashmiri literature.[7][8]
In 1954, he wrote Koshur Reader for the Directorate of School Education. In later years following his 1954 publications, he wrote a monograph titled Wahab Parray, in 1959 which was published by Jammu and Kashmir Art and Cultural Academy. In 1960, he wrote a book titled Kashir Shairi, comprising a collection of Kashmiri poetry published by the Sahitya Akademi. Later in 1961, his another book titled Kashiri Nasrach Kitab was the bestselling book of that time. In 1962, he wrote Gaman Manz Pheeri Pheeri (travelling through the villages) which depicted him as journalist travelling across the Kashmiri villages. In 1967, he wrote a research book titled Maqalat, comprising a collection of essays that revolves around different aspects of Kashmiri literature and language.[citation needed]
Work
edit| † | Remarks denote a short description of the work where available. |
| # | Title[9][1] | Year | Type/Credited as | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grees Sund Ghara | 1917 | Radio play | The first play written in Kashmiri literature.[10] The play describes writer's feelings against Dogra dynasty.[citation needed] |
| 2 | Koshur Reader | 1954 | Research | — |
| 3 | Wahab Parray, in 1959 | 1959 | Research | — |
| 4 | Kashir Shairi | 1960 | Poetry | Comprising a collection of Kashmiri poetry |
| 5 | Kashiri Nasrach Kitab | 1961 | Book | Bestselling book during 1960s in Kashmir |
| 6 | Gaman Manz Pheeri Pheeri | 1962 | Book | — |
| 7 | Maqalat | 1967 | Book | Comprising a collection of essays about Kashmiri language and literature. The book won 1970 Sahitya Akademi Award |
| 8 | One Thousand and One Nights | 1969 | Translator | Often known as Alif Laila[11] |
| 9 | Kalam e Assad Parray[12] | — | Book | — |
| 10 | The Quran and the fundamentals of science: A concordance | — | Research book | — |
| 11 | Medieval legacy to Modern Inorganic Chemistry | — | Research book | — |
| 12 | Historical Background of Kashmiri Language | — | Research book | — |
Political activities
editDuring the 1930s, the princely state, in modern-day Jammu and Kashmir union territory witnessed protests against Dogra dynasty. He participated in protests during his school days. He was later arrested and is claimed was "lashed 24 times on his buttocks”. His activities were also reported to Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad, 2nd prime minister of Jammu and Kashmir.[9] The authorities detained him between 1948 and 1965 for his involvement in political activities.[13]
Death
editHe died on 21 January 1993. He is buried in a cemetery located in his village Hajin, Bandipora.[1] In 2019, the government of Jammu and Kashmir proposed the establishment of two degree colleges in Hajin and Ajas areas and named the two after him.[14][15]
References
edit- ^ a b c d "Prof. Hajini: A Literary giant of Kashmir". Greater Kashmir. 20 June 2020.
- ^ "Prof Mohiuddin Hajni remembered on his 103rd Anniversary". Brighter Kashmir.
- ^ "Soz hails AMK For Solemnizing 103rd anniversary of Hajni". KNS. 22 June 2020.
- ^ "Intellectuals, scholars should come forward to rediscover Kashmir identity: Speakers". Rising Kashmir. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- ^ "AMK dedicates 2-day annual conference to Mohiuddin Hajini". Rising Kashmir. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- ^ "Meet pledges to work for protection of Kashmiri language". 17 October 2017.
- ^ Das, Sisir Kumar (28 July 2005). History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956, struggle for freedom : triumph and tragedy. Sahitya Akademi. ISBN 9788172017989 – via Google Books.
- ^ Raina, Mohini Qasba (1 November 2013). Kashur the Kashmiri Speaking People: Analytical Perspective. Partridge Publishing Singapore. ISBN 9781482899474 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b "Legendry Hajni". 19 August 2013.
- ^ Greater Kashmir. "His Grees Sund Ghara (Peasant's House) published in 1952, is the first play in Kashmiri literature". Greater Kashmir.
- ^ "Kashmiri - Sahitya Akademi" (PDF). sahitya-akademi.gov.in.
- ^ Hussain, Syed Taffazull (13 July 2019). Sheikh Abdullah-A Biography: The Crucial Period 1905-1939. 2019 Edition. Syed Taffazull Hussain. ISBN 9781604816037 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Hajni-man with a difference". Greater Kashmir. 13 March 2015.
- ^ "Asgar Samoon lays foundation of GDCs at Hajin, Ajas - The News Now". www.thenewsnow.co.in.
- ^ "Asgar Samoon lays foundation of GDCs at Hajin, Ajas". Greater Kashmir. 10 March 2019.