The ruddy cuckoo-dove (Macropygia emiliana) is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is a medium-sized, reddish brown cuckoo-dove, found in Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia. It is rated as a species of least concern on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Endangered Species.[1]
| Ruddy cuckoo-dove | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Columbiformes |
| Family: | Columbidae |
| Genus: | Macropygia |
| Species: | M. emiliana
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| Binomial name | |
| Macropygia emiliana Bonaparte, 1854
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| Subspecies | |
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See text | |
Taxonomy
editThe ruddy cuckoo-dove was first described by the French biologist and ornithologist Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte in 1854.[1] It was split from the slender-billed cuckoo-dove in 2003. It has two remaining sub-species:[2]
- M. e. emiliana Bonaparte, 1854 - Java to western Lesser Sunda Islands
- M. e. megala Siebers, 1929 - Kangean Islands
Five former subspecies of the ruddy cuckoo-dove were reassigned by the IOU in 2016:
- M. e. cinnamomea Salvadori, 1892 - Enggano Island was split from the ruddy cuckoo-dove as the Enggano cuckoo-dove.
- M. e. borneensis Robinson & Kloss, 1921 - northern Borneo is now provisionally considered a subspecies of the Philippine cuckoo-dove(Macropygia tenuirostris borneensis).
- M. e. modiglianii Salvadori, 1887 - western Sumatran islands is now considered a subspecies of the Barusan cuckoo-dove.
- M. e. elassa Oberholser, 1912 - Mentawai Islands is now considered a subspecies of the Barusan cuckoo-dove.
- M. e. hypopercna Oberholser, 1912 - Simeulue Island is now considered a subspecies of the Barusan cuckoo-dove.
Description
editThe ruddy cuckoo-dove is a medium-sized,[3] reddish brown dove, that measures 30 to 37 cm (12 to 15 in) in length.[4] It has a uniformly ruddy head,[3] and purplish brown, black-barred breast. The neck is pink iridescent.[4] The tail is long and slender, and lacks any pale grey or white at the tip. The central tail coverts are uniformly ruddy, and lack any black barring.[3] The juvenile resembles the female in appearance, but is more strongly barred.[5]
Status and conservation
editSince 1988, the ruddy cuckoo-dove has been rated as a species of least concern on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species. This is because it has a very large range—more than 20,000 km2 (7,700 mi2)—and because although its population has been declining, the rate of decrease is considered to be less over 30% decline over ten years or three generations. In addition, although its population numbers have not been determined, it is thought to be above 10,000, which is above the criterion to warrant a vulnerable rating. It is described to be rarely found, but is common on the Borneo Island and on islands off the south and west coasts Sumatra. It is thought to face a population decline due to habitat destruction.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d BirdLife International (2016). "Macropygia emiliana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22690557A93277461. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22690557A93277461.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ "Pigeons « IOC World Bird List". www.worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 2017-09-24.
- ^ a b c Gibbs, David (2010). Pigeons and Doves: A Guide to the Pigeons and Doves of the World. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 267. ISBN 9781408135556.
- ^ a b Baptista, L.F.; Christie, D A; Horblit, H.M.; Boesman, P. (2017). del Hoyo, Josep; Trail, P.W.; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David A; de Juana, Eduardo (eds.). "Ruddy Cuckoo-dove (Macropygia emiliana)". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Archived from the original on 2017-07-12. Retrieved 2017-09-24.
- ^ Myers, Susan (2016). Birds of Borneo. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 138. ISBN 9781472924452.
External links
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Media related to Macropygia emiliana at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Macropygia emiliana at Wikispecies
