New Zealand political leader Helen Clark assembled a "shadow cabinet" system amongst the Labour caucus following her election to the position of Leader of the Opposition in 1993. She composed this of individuals who acted for the party as spokespeople in assigned roles while she was Leader of the Opposition (1993–99).
As the Labour Party formed the largest party not in government, the frontbench team was as a result the Official Opposition of the New Zealand House of Representatives.
List of shadow ministers
edit| Portfolio | Minister | Start | End |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leader | Helen Clark | 1 December 1993 | 10 December 1999 |
| Deputy Leader | David Caygill | 1 December 1993 | 11 June 1996 |
| Michael Cullen | 11 June 1996 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Agriculture | Jim Sutton | 1 December 1993 | 10 December 1999 |
| Attorney-General | David Caygill | 1 December 1993 | 20 December 1996 |
| Phil Goff | 20 December 1996 | 8 August 1997 | |
| Lianne Dalziel | 8 August 1997 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Commerce | Peter Dunne | 1 December 1993 | 12 October 1994 |
| Annette King | 18 October 1994 | 20 December 1996 | |
| Paul Swain | 20 December 1996 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Customs | Peter Dunne | 1 December 1993 | 12 October 1994 |
| Annette King | 18 October 1994 | 20 December 1996 | |
| Rick Barker | 20 December 1996 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Defence | Geoff Braybrooke | 1 December 1993 | 10 December 1999 |
| Education | Margaret Austin | 1 December 1993 | 29 June 1995 |
| David Caygill | 29 June 1995 | 26 June 1996 | |
| Trevor Mallard | 26 June 1996 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Finance | Michael Cullen | 1 December 1993 | 10 December 1999 |
| Foreign Affairs | David Lange | 1 December 1993 | 28 February 1995 |
| David Caygill | 28 February 1995 | 29 June 1995 | |
| Helen Clark | 29 June 1995 | 18 September 1996 | |
| Mike Moore | 18 September 1996 | 31 August 1999 | |
| Phil Goff | 1 September 1999 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Health | Lianne Dalziel | 1 December 1993 | 8 August 1997 |
| Annette King | 8 August 1997 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Internal Affairs | Trevor Mallard | 1 December 1993 | 10 December 1999 |
| Justice | Phil Goff | 1 December 1993 | 10 December 1999 |
| Labour | Steve Maharey | 1 December 1993 | 8 August 1997 |
| Pete Hodgson | 8 August 1997 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Maori Affairs | Koro Wētere | 1 December 1993 | 20 December 1996 |
| Dover Samuels | 20 December 1996 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Overseas Trade | Jack Elder | 1 December 1993 | 4 April 1996 |
| Jim Sutton | 4 April 1996 | 18 September 1996 | |
| Mike Moore | 18 September 1996 | 31 August 1999 | |
| Jim Sutton | 1 September 1999 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Revenue | Peter Dunne | 1 December 1993 | 12 October 1994 |
| Jim Sutton | 13 October 1994 | 20 December 1996 | |
| Mark Peck | 20 December 1996 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Social Welfare | Clive Matthewson | 1 December 1993 | 29 June 1995 |
| Annette King | 29 June 1995 | 8 August 1997 | |
| Steve Maharey | 8 August 1997 | 10 December 1999 | |
| Transport | Harry Duynhoven | 1 December 1993 | 10 December 1999 |
Frontbench teams
edit1993–96
editThe lists below contains a list of Clark's spokespeople and their respective roles during the 44th Parliament. In the lead up to MMP several party defections took place during the parliamentary term, making reshuffles commonplace.[1]
Clark announced her first lineup on 13 December 1993.[2] Less than a year later, in October 1994, Peter Dunne split from Labour, leading to a rearranging of portfolios. Dunne's commerce and customs portfolios were given to Annette King and the revenue portfolio transferred to Jim Sutton. His seat on the frontbench was allocated to Steve Maharey.[3] In February 1995 there was a minor reshuffle after David Lange announced he would retire at the next election. Deputy Leader David Caygill was given foreign affairs with Richard Northey taking the disarmament and arms control portfolio. Lange retained the racing portfolio.[4] In June 1995 two MPs, Clive Matthewson and Margaret Austin, left Labour to form a new party, United New Zealand. Caygill took the education portfolio from Austin and Annette King was given Matthewson's Social Welfare portfolio. In the same reshuffle Clark took on foreign affairs from Caygill.[5] In June 1996 Caygill announced his retirement and the education portfolio was given to Trevor Mallard.[6] Jack Elder defected to New Zealand First in April 1996 and his overseas trade portfolio was allocated to Jim Sutton. In September 1996 the former leader Mike Moore, who had previously declined to take any portfolio, accepted the foreign affairs and overseas trade portfolios.[7]
First iteration
edit| Rank | Shadow Minister | Portfolio/s | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rt Hon Helen Clark | Leader of the Opposition Shadow Minister of Security Intelligence Services | |
| 2 | Hon David Caygill | Deputy Leader of the Opposition Shadow Attorney-General | |
| 3 | Hon Michael Cullen | Shadow Minister of Finance Shadow Minister of Statistics | |
| 4 | Hon Koro Wētere | Shadow Minister of Maori Affairs | |
| 5 | Rt Hon Jonathan Hunt | Shadow Leader of the House Senior Whip | |
| 6 | Rt Hon David Lange | Shadow Minister of Foreign Affairs Shadow Minister of Disarmament and Arms Control Shadow Minister of Racing | |
| 7 | Hon Clive Matthewson | Shadow Minister of Social Welfare Shadow Minister for the Audit Department | |
| 8 | Hon Phil Goff | Shadow Minister of Justice | |
| 9 | Hon Annette King | Shadow Minister of Immigration Shadow Minister of Business & Industry | |
| 10 | Hon Peter Dunne | Shadow Minister of Revenue Shadow Minister of Commerce Shadow Minister of Customs | |
| 11 | Lianne Dalziel | Shadow Minister of Health Shadow Minister for ACC | |
| 12 | Hon Margaret Austin | Shadow Minister of Education Shadow Minister of Science & Technology | |
| 13 | Hon Jim Sutton | Shadow Minister of Agriculture Shadow Minister of Forestry Shadow Minister of Lands | |
| 14 | Trevor Mallard | Shadow Minister of State Services Shadow Minister of Internal Affairs Shadow Minister of Civil Defence Shadow Minister of Sport and Recreation | |
| 15 | Hon Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan | Shadow Minister of Maori Welfare Shadow Minister of Family Affairs | |
| 16 | Elizabeth Tennet | Shadow Minister of Women's Affairs Shadow Minister of State Owned Enterprises | |
| 17 | Steve Maharey | Shadow Minister of Labour Shadow Minister of Employment | |
| 18 | Pete Hodgson | Shadow Minister for the Environment Shadow Minister of Energy | |
| 19 | Jack Elder | Shadow Minister of Overseas Trade | |
| 20 | Graham Kelly | Shadow Minister of Fisheries Shadow Minister of Broadcasting | |
| 21 | Larry Sutherland | Junior Whip | |
| 22 | Rt Hon Mike Moore | no portfolio | |
| 23 | John Blincoe | Shadow Minister of Conservation | |
| 24 | Paul Swain | Shadow Minister of Housing | |
| 25 | Geoff Braybrooke | Shadow Minister of Defence Shadow Minister of Veterans Affairs | |
| 26 | Richard Northey | Shadow Minister of Local Government Shadow Minister of Youth Affairs | |
| 27 | George Hawkins | Shadow Minister of Police Shadow Minister for the Serious Fraud Office | |
| 28 | Ross Robertson | Shadow Minister of Tourism Shadow Minister of Small Business | |
| 29 | Judith Tizard | Shadow Minister of Cultural Affairs | |
| 30 | Judy Keall | Shadow Minister of Senior Citizens Shadow Minister of Consumer Affairs | |
| 31 | Harry Duynhoven | Shadow Minister of Transport | |
Final iteration
edit| Rank | Shadow Minister | Portfolio/s | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rt Hon Helen Clark | Leader of the Opposition Shadow Minister of Security Intelligence Services | |
| 2 | Hon Michael Cullen | Deputy Leader of the Opposition Shadow Minister of Finance Shadow Minister of Statistics | |
| 3 | Rt Hon Mike Moore | Shadow Minister of Foreign Affairs Shadow Minister of Overseas Trade | |
| 4 | Steve Maharey | Shadow Minister of Labour Shadow Minister of Employment | |
| 5 | Hon Koro Wētere | Shadow Minister of Maori Affairs | |
| 6 | Rt Hon Jonathan Hunt | Shadow Leader of the House Senior Whip | |
| 7 | Hon Phil Goff | Shadow Minister of Justice | |
| 8 | Hon Annette King | Shadow Minister of Social Welfare Shadow Minister of Immigration Shadow Minister of Business & Industry Shadow Minister of Commerce Shadow Minister of Customs | |
| 9 | Hon David Caygill | Shadow Attorney-General | |
| 10 | Rt Hon David Lange | Shadow Minister of Racing | |
| 11 | Lianne Dalziel | Shadow Minister of Health | |
| 12 | Trevor Mallard | Shadow Minister of Education Shadow Minister of State Services Shadow Minister of Internal Affairs Shadow Minister of Civil Defence Shadow Minister of Sport | |
| 13 | Hon Jim Sutton | Shadow Minister of Agriculture Shadow Minister of Forestry Shadow Minister of Lands Shadow Minister of Revenue | |
| 14 | Hon Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan | Shadow Minister of Social Development Shadow Minister of Family Affairs | |
| 15 | Elizabeth Tennet | Shadow Minister of Women's Affairs Shadow Minister of State Owned Enterprises | |
| 16 | Pete Hodgson | Shadow Minister for the Environment Shadow Minister of Energy | |
| 17 | Graham Kelly | Shadow Minister of Fisheries Shadow Minister of Broadcasting | |
| 18 | Larry Sutherland | Junior Whip | |
| 19 | John Blincoe | Shadow Minister of Conservation | |
| 20 | Paul Swain | Shadow Minister of Housing Shadow Minister for ACC | |
| 21 | Geoff Braybrooke | Shadow Minister of Defence Shadow Minister of Veterans Affairs | |
| 22 | Richard Northey | Shadow Minister of Local Government Shadow Minister of Youth Affairs Shadow Minister of Disarmament and Arms Control | |
| 23 | George Hawkins | Shadow Minister of Police Shadow Minister of Serious Fraud Office | |
| 24 | Ross Robertson | Shadow Minister of Tourism Shadow Minister of Small Business | |
| 25 | Judith Tizard | Shadow Minister of Cultural Affairs | |
| 26 | Judy Keall | Shadow Minister of Senior Citizens Shadow Minister of Consumer Affairs | |
| 27 | Harry Duynhoven | Shadow Minister of Transport | |
| 28 | Chris Carter | Shadow Minister of Ethnic Affairs | |
| 29 | Taito Phillip Field | Shadow Minister of Pacific Island Affairs | |
1996–99
editThe list below contains a list of Clark's spokespeople and their respective roles during the 45th Parliament:[8]
Clark announced her first post-election lineup on 20 December 1996.[9] In August 1997 there was a reshuffle surrounding the removal of Lianne Dalziel as Shadow Minister of Health. She was instead made Shadow Attorney-General and given the portfolios of immigration, youth affairs and statistics. Annette King replaced her as Shadow Minister of Health with King's social welfare and racing portfolios being transferred to Steve Maharey and Damien O'Connor respectively. Jill Pettis gained the conservation portfolio from Pete Hodgson who was given labour from Maharey.[10] In September 1999 Jim Sutton resigned as Shadow Minister of Forestry after a policy disagreement. The portfolio was given to Pete Hodgson.[11] After Mike Moore left Parliament to become Director-General of the World Trade Organization the foreign affairs portfolio was given to Phil Goff and overseas trade allocated to Jim Sutton.[12]
First iteration
edit| Rank | Shadow Minister | Portfolio/s | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rt Hon Helen Clark | Leader of the Opposition Shadow Minister of Security Intelligence Services | |
| 2 | Hon Michael Cullen | Deputy Leader of the Opposition Shadow Minister of Finance Shadow Minister of Statistics | |
| 3 | Rt Hon Mike Moore | Shadow Minister of Foreign Affairs Shadow Minister of Overseas Trade | |
| 4 | Steve Maharey | Shadow Minister for Labour Shadow Minister of Employment | |
| 5 | Rt Hon Jonathan Hunt | Shadow Leader of the House Shadow Minister of Constitutional Affairs | |
| 6 | Hon Phil Goff | Shadow Minister of Justice Shadow Attorney-General Shadow Minister of Corrections Shadow Minister of Courts | |
| 7 | Hon Annette King | Shadow Minister of Social Welfare Shadow Minister of Immigration Shadow Minister of Racing | |
| 8 | Lianne Dalziel | Shadow Minister of Health | |
| 9 | Hon Jim Sutton | Shadow Minister of Agriculture Shadow Minister of Treaty Negotiations Shadow Minister of Lands Shadow Minister of Fisheries Shadow Minister of Forestry | |
| 10 | Trevor Mallard | Shadow Minister of Education Shadow Minister of State Services Shadow Minister of Internal Affairs Shadow Minister of Sport and Recreation | |
| 11 | Pete Hodgson | Shadow Minister of Conservation Shadow Minister for the Environment Shadow Minister of Industry Shadow Minister of Energy | |
| 12 | Graham Kelly | Shadow Minister of Housing Shadow Minister of Overseas Aid | |
| 13 | Paul Swain | Shadow Minister of Commerce Shadow Minister of State Owned Enterprises | |
| 14 | Judy Keall | Shadow Minister of Senior Citizens Shadow Minister of Consumer Affairs | |
| 15 | Geoff Braybrooke | Shadow Minister of Defence Shadow Minister of Veterans Affairs Shadow Minister of War Pensions | |
| 16 | George Hawkins | Shadow Minister of Police Shadow Minister of Serious Fraud Office | |
| 17 | Ross Robertson | Shadow Minister of Regional Development Shadow Minister of Small Business | |
| 18 | Judith Tizard | Shadow Minister of Local Government Shadow Minister of Cultural Affairs | |
| 19 | Harry Duynhoven | Shadow Minister of Transport Shadow Minister of Civil Aviation | |
| 20 | Larry Sutherland | Shadow Minister of Family Affairs | |
| 21 | Mark Burton | Senior Whip Shadow Minister of Adult & Community Education | |
| 22 | Rick Barker | Junior Whip Shadow Minister of Customs | |
| 23 | Ruth Dyson | Shadow Minister of ACC Shadow Minister of Disability Services | |
| 24 | Taito Phillip Field | Shadow Minister of Pacific Island Affairs | |
| 25 | Janet Mackey | Shadow Minister of Civil Defence | |
| 26 | Damien O'Connor | Shadow Minister of Tourism | |
| 27 | Mark Peck | Shadow Minister of Revenue | |
| 28 | Jill Pettis | Shadow Minister of Youth Affairs | |
| 29 | Dianne Yates | Shadow Minister of Women's Affairs Shadow Minister of Disarmament and Arms Control | |
| 30 | Tim Barnett | Shadow Minister of Urban Affairs | |
| 31 | Mark Gosche | Shadow Minister of Ethnic Affairs Shadow Minister for Public Transport | |
| 32 | Joe Hawke | Shadow Minister of Economic Development Shadow Minister of Employment | |
| 33 | Marian Hobbs | Shadow Minister of Broadcasting Shadow Minister of Communications Shadow Minister of Information Technology | |
| 34 | Nanaia Mahuta | Shadow Minister of Maori Education | |
| 35 | Dover Samuels | Shadow Minister of Maori Affairs | |
| 36 | Tariana Turia | Shadow Minister of Maori Health & Youth Issues | |
Final iteration
edit| Rank | Shadow Minister | Portfolio/s | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rt Hon Helen Clark | Leader of the Opposition Shadow Minister of Security Intelligence Services | |
| 2 | Hon Michael Cullen | Deputy Leader of the Opposition Shadow Minister of Finance | |
| 3 | Steve Maharey | Shadow Minister for Social Welfare Shadow Minister of Employment | |
| 4 | Rt Hon Jonathan Hunt | Shadow Leader of the House Shadow Minister of Constitutional Affairs | |
| 5 | Hon Phil Goff | Shadow Minister of Foreign Affairs Shadow Minister of Justice Shadow Minister of Corrections Shadow Minister of Courts | |
| 6 | Hon Annette King | Shadow Minister of Health | |
| 7 | Lianne Dalziel | Shadow Attorney-General Shadow Minister of Immigration Shadow Minister of Youth Affairs Shadow Minister of Statistics | |
| 8 | Hon Jim Sutton | Shadow Minister of Agriculture Shadow Minister of Trade Shadow Minister of Treaty Negotiations Shadow Minister of Lands Shadow Minister of Fisheries | |
| 9 | Trevor Mallard | Shadow Minister of Education Shadow Minister of Internal Affairs Shadow Minister of Sport | |
| 10 | Pete Hodgson | Shadow Minister of Labour Shadow Minister of Industry Shadow Minister of Energy Shadow Minister of Forestry | |
| 11 | Graham Kelly | Shadow Minister of Housing Shadow Minister of Overseas Aid | |
| 12 | Paul Swain | Shadow Minister of Commerce Shadow Minister of State Owned Enterprises | |
| 13 | Judy Keall | Shadow Minister of Senior Citizens Shadow Minister of Consumer Affairs | |
| 14 | Geoff Braybrooke | Shadow Minister of Defence Shadow Minister of Veterans Affairs Shadow Minister of War Pensions | |
| 15 | George Hawkins | Shadow Minister of Police Shadow Minister of Serious Fraud Office | |
| 16 | Ross Robertson | Shadow Minister of Regional Development Shadow Minister of Small Business | |
| 17 | Judith Tizard | Shadow Minister of Local Government Shadow Minister of Cultural Affairs | |
| 18 | Harry Duynhoven | Shadow Minister of Transport Shadow Minister of Civil Aviation | |
| 19 | Larry Sutherland | Shadow Minister of Family Affairs | |
| 20 | Mark Burton | Senior Whip Shadow Minister of Adult & Community Education | |
| 21 | Rick Barker | Junior Whip Shadow Minister of Customs | |
| 22 | Ruth Dyson | Shadow Minister of ACC Shadow Minister of Disability Services | |
| 23 | Taito Phillip Field | Shadow Minister of Pacific Island Affairs | |
| 24 | Janet Mackey | Shadow Minister of Civil Defense | |
| 25 | Damien O'Connor | Shadow Minister of Tourism Shadow Minister of Racing | |
| 26 | Mark Peck | Shadow Minister of Revenue | |
| 27 | Jill Pettis | Shadow Minister of Conservation | |
| 28 | Dianne Yates | Shadow Minister of Women's Affairs Shadow Minister of Disarmament and Arms Control | |
| 29 | Tim Barnett | Shadow Minister of Human Rights Shadow Minister of Urban Affairs | |
| 30 | Mark Gosche | Shadow Minister of Ethnic Affairs Shadow Minister of Public Transport | |
| 31 | Joe Hawke | Shadow Minister of Economic Development Shadow Minister of Employment | |
| 32 | Marian Hobbs | Shadow Minister of Broadcasting Shadow Minister of Communications Shadow Minister of Information Technology | |
| 33 | Nanaia Mahuta | Shadow Minister of Maori Education | |
| 34 | Dover Samuels | Shadow Minister of Maori Affairs | |
| 35 | Tariana Turia | Shadow Minister of Maori Health & Youth Issues | |
Notes
edit- ^ Russell 1996, p. 243.
- ^ "The Labour Shadow Cabinet". The Dominion. 14 December 1993. p. 2.
- ^ Goulter, John (18 October 1994). "King takes over Dunne's duties". The Evening Post. p. 2.
- ^ Kilroy, Simon (28 February 1995). "Caygill takes over as Labour spokesman for foreign affairs". The Dominion. p. 2.
- ^ "Party launch elevates King". The Evening Post. 29 June 1995. p. 1.
- ^ Laugesen, Ruth (27 June 1996). "Promotion for Clark's supporters". The Dominion. p. 2.
- ^ Speden, Graeme (19 September 1996). "Moore returns to Labour's top ranks". The Dominion. p. 1.
- ^ "Labour spokespeople by portfolio". Archived from the original on 5 December 1998. Retrieved 10 February 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ Boyd, Sarah (20 December 1996). "'Govt in waiting' announced". The Evening Post. p. 2.
- ^ Venter, Nick; Ross, Frances (9 August 1997). "Dalziel dumped from health job". The Dominion.
- ^ Peters, Graeme (10 September 1999). "Sutton quits over forestry policy". The Evening Post. p. 3.
- ^ "Sutton tipped for Labour trade post". The Dominion. 14 September 1999. p. 2.
References
edit- Russell, Marcia (1996). Revolution:New Zealand from Fortress to Free Market. Hodder Moa Beckett. ISBN 1869584287.