Shishou ([ʂɨ̌.ʂòʊ]; Chinese: 石首) is a county-level city under the administration of the prefectural-level city Jingzhou, in the south of Hubei province, near its border with Hunan province, and is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The Swan Islet Wetland of the Yangtze River in this area is the world's largest national natural reserve both for wild elks(Milu, or David Deer) and for Chinese river dolphins (finless porpoises). The Shishou City National Baiji Reserve for Chinese river dolphins is nearby. It shares its name with a stream flowing into the Yangtze River. In addition, the area enjoys convenient transportation, with an hour's drive from Yueyang East Railway Station on the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway line (90 kilometers (56 mi) of expressway), and 70 kilometers (43 mi) from Jingzhou Railway Station on the Shanghai-Wuhan-Chengdu high-speed railway line. Moreover, Shishou boasts a diversified landscape, including mountains, hills, lakes, rivers, terraces and plains, as well as abundant resources such as rice, cotton, oil plants, eggs, fish, and lotus roots.
Shishou
石首市 Shihshow | |
|---|---|
  Shishou Location in Hubei | |
| Coordinates (Shishou government): 29°43′15″N 112°25′31″E / 29.7209°N 112.4254°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hubei |
| Prefecture-level city | Jingzhou |
| Area | |
| • Urban | 22.56 km2 (8.71 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[2] | |
| 473,707 | |
| • Urban | 240,082 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Geography
edit
Shishou is in a subtropical monsoon climate zone with an abundant amount of light and heat energy and a long frost-free period. The city receives 1800–2000 hours of sunshine annually, with an annual average temperature of 15.9-16.6 °C, 10 °C or higher accumulated temperature annually, an annual frost-free period of 242–263 days, and an average annual precipitation between 1100mm and 1300 mm. The climatic resources are sufficient for a large variety of crops to grow. Because of the climatic condition of hydro-thermal synchronization during agricultural production seasons, Shishou provides the optimal climate to grow a variety of crops between April and October (80% of the annual precipitation, 75% of annual solar radiation, and 80% of annual accumulated temperature that is greater than 10 °C). The climate is particularly complex in the vicinity of 30 degrees north latitude. Situated far in the Inland, Shishou's climate is minimally affected by the sea, which contributes to its typical continental climate.
Climate
edit| Climate data for Shishou (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.0 (71.6) |
27.3 (81.1) |
30.6 (87.1) |
33.9 (93.0) |
35.6 (96.1) |
36.7 (98.1) |
38.0 (100.4) |
38.0 (100.4) |
38.9 (102.0) |
33.5 (92.3) |
29.4 (84.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
38.9 (102.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.2 (46.8) |
11.1 (52.0) |
15.7 (60.3) |
22.0 (71.6) |
26.7 (80.1) |
29.8 (85.6) |
32.4 (90.3) |
32.0 (89.6) |
28.3 (82.9) |
23.0 (73.4) |
16.9 (62.4) |
10.9 (51.6) |
21.4 (70.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.6 (40.3) |
7.2 (45.0) |
11.5 (52.7) |
17.5 (63.5) |
22.3 (72.1) |
25.9 (78.6) |
28.6 (83.5) |
28.0 (82.4) |
23.9 (75.0) |
18.5 (65.3) |
12.5 (54.5) |
7.0 (44.6) |
17.3 (63.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.0 (35.6) |
4.2 (39.6) |
8.3 (46.9) |
13.9 (57.0) |
18.8 (65.8) |
22.8 (73.0) |
25.5 (77.9) |
25.0 (77.0) |
20.7 (69.3) |
15.2 (59.4) |
9.3 (48.7) |
4.0 (39.2) |
14.1 (57.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −8.4 (16.9) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
2.3 (36.1) |
9.4 (48.9) |
12.7 (54.9) |
19.2 (66.6) |
16.5 (61.7) |
10.5 (50.9) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−7.3 (18.9) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 55.3 (2.18) |
67.0 (2.64) |
104.7 (4.12) |
143.9 (5.67) |
172.7 (6.80) |
199.1 (7.84) |
179.8 (7.08) |
115.7 (4.56) |
72.9 (2.87) |
80.8 (3.18) |
71.0 (2.80) |
31.8 (1.25) |
1,294.7 (50.99) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 10.0 | 10.7 | 13.7 | 13.4 | 13.3 | 12.1 | 10.5 | 9.1 | 8.1 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 7.7 | 128.2 |
| Average snowy days | 4.6 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 10.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 77 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 78 | 82 | 81 | 81 | 78 | 77 | 78 | 74 | 78 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 83.4 | 83.0 | 109.4 | 131.7 | 151.4 | 149.5 | 208.1 | 205.3 | 151.3 | 134.7 | 119.4 | 105.1 | 1,632.3 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 26 | 26 | 29 | 34 | 36 | 36 | 49 | 51 | 41 | 38 | 38 | 33 | 36 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[3][4]all-time extreme temperature[5] | |||||||||||||
Administration
editThe city of Shishou has direct jurisdiction over 2 subdistricts, 11 towns, 1 townships, and 1 economic and technological development zone:[6][7][8]
| Subdivision | Simplified
Chinese |
Pinyin | Population
(2010 Census) |
Area
(km²) |
Village
Committees |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| City Proper | |||||
| Xiulin Subdistrict | 绣林街道 | Xiùlín Jiēdào | 70587 | 35.9 | 4 |
| Biheshan Subdistrict | 笔架山街道 | Bǐjiàshān Jiēdào | 70068 | 56 | 11 |
| Suburban and rural | |||||
| Xinchang | 新厂镇 | Xīnchǎng Zhèn | 43314 | 94.6 | 19 |
| Henggoushi | 横沟市镇 | Hénggōushì Zhèn | 38521 | 82 | 18 |
| Xiaohekou | 小河口镇 | Xiǎohékǒu Zhèn | 38401 | 226.5 | 23 |
| Taohuashan | 桃花山镇 | Táohuāshān Zhèn | 21979 | 99.8 | 17 |
| Tiaoguan | 调关镇 | Tiáoguān[9][10] Zhèn | 45189 | 107.9 | 21 |
| Dongsheng | 东升镇 | Dōngshēng Zhèn | 62620 | 173.1 | 33 |
| Gaojimiao | 高基庙镇 | Gāojīmiào Zhèn | 45562 | 76 | 21 |
| Nankou | 南口镇 | Nánkǒu Zhèn | 30388 | 97.4 | 17 |
| Gaoling | 高陵镇 | Gāolíng Zhèn | 35036 | 82 | 24 |
| Tuanshansi | 团山寺镇 | Tuánshānsì Zhèn | 31329 | 67 | 18 |
| Dayuan | 大垸镇 | Dàyuàn Zhèn | 52788 | 146 | 25 |
| Jiuheyuan | 久合垸乡 | Jiǔhéyuàn Xiāng | 25312 | 54 | 17 |
| Tian'ezhou | 天鹅洲 | Tiān'ézhōu | 17 | 77.5 | 6 |
2009 Shishou incident
editIn June 2009, Shishou was rocked by violent protest after a man, Tu Yuangao, was found dead, supposedly due to suicide, outside the Yonglong hotel. The hotel is owned by a relative of Shishou's mayor.[11] Tu, 24, was the hotel's chef.[12] Fearing a cover-up, Tu's family refused to accept that his death was a suicide, and guarded his body while awaiting investigation. When police tried to forcefully remove Tu's body, local residents joined Tu's family, blocking the hotel entrance from the police. On June 19 a large number of local residents guarded the hotel, fighting with the police, including armed police. Confrontations between the police and residents continued outside the hotel, and on June 20, the municipal government began cutting internet connections in Shishou. On June 21, the police managed to break through the crowd and took Tu's corpse to a crematorium, apparently without giving the family the investigation it had requested.[12]
References
edit- ^ Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, ed. (2019). China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017. Beijing: China Statistics Press. p. 66. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ^ "China: Húbĕi (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
- ^ "Extreme Temperatures Around the World". Retrieved 2024-09-19.
- ^ 石首市历史沿革 [Shishou City Historical Development] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 6 August 2014. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
2010年第六次人口普查，石首市常住总人口577022人，其中：绣林街道75395人，笔架山街道83068人，新厂镇36342人，横沟市镇36051人，大垸镇49320人，小河口镇27278人，桃花山镇21848人，调关镇38901人，东升镇53184人，高基庙镇35237人，南口镇27252人，高陵镇29776人，团山寺镇29045人，久合垸乡24708人，天鹅洲开发区9617人。
- ^ 2016年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：石首市 [2016 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Shishou City]. National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2016. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
统计用区划代码 名称 421081001000 绣林街道办事处 421081002000 笔架山街道办事处 421081100000 新厂镇 421081101000 横沟市镇 421081102000 大垸镇 421081103000 小河口镇 421081104000 桃花山镇 421081105000 调关镇 421081106000 东升镇 421081107000 高基庙镇 421081108000 南口镇 421081109000 高陵镇 421081110000 团山寺镇 421081200000 久合垸乡 421081500000 天鹅洲开发区
- ^ 行政区划 [Administrative Divisions] (in Simplified Chinese). Shishou People's Government. 9 November 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
1986年，石首撤县建市，版土面积1427平方公里，辖国家级麋鹿自然保护区、国家级白鳍豚保护区2个正县级事业单位，1个省管天鹅洲生态旅游经济开发区副县级行政单位，石首经济开发区、荆州机电职业技术学院2个副县级事业单位和14个乡、镇、办事处，总人口63万。大垸镇、新厂镇、横沟市镇、小河口镇、天鹅洲经济开发区位于江北片，面积和人口分别占全市总量的三分之一；桃花山镇、调关镇、东升镇位于东南片，南口镇、高陵镇、高基庙镇、团山寺镇、久合垸乡位于西南片，绣林、笔架山两个街道办事处位于中心城区。
- ^ "美好调关". tgz.shishou.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2018-07-04.
- ^ "石首市调关镇_区划地名网".
- ^ "City in central China rocked by violent riots: residents," Agence France-Presse, June 20, 2009.
- ^ a b Oiwan Lam, "China: Mass incident sparked by a dead body," Global Voices Online, June 21, 2009.
External links
edit- Government website (in Chinese)
- Straits Times Article
- Google document (Chinese) compiling information on the Shishou riots from tweets of local residents