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→Dr. Mengele's Twin Experiments: - previous section is crap. completely uncited and horribly written. |
agree this needs citations, but Mengles preoccupation with twins is a well know fact, will work on finding citation |
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According to the indictment at the [[Subsequent Nuremberg Trials]]<ref>Nazi Medical Experiments from the Jewish Virtual Library: http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/medtoc.html</ref><ref>U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. Trials of War Criminals before the Nuremberg Military Tribunals under Control Council Law No. 10. Nuremberg, October 1946 - April 1949. Washington D.C.: U.S. G.P.O, 1949-1953.</ref>, these experiments included the following:
===Dr. Mengele's Twin Experiments===
Twin experiments in concentration camps were created to show the similarities and differences in the genetics and eugenics of twins, as well as to see if the human body can be unnaturally manipulated. The central leader of the experiments was Dr. Josef Mengele, who performed experiments on over 1,500 sets of imprisoned twins, of which less than 200 individuals survived the studies . While attending University of Munich, located in the city that remained one of Adolf Hitler’s focal points during the revolution, for Philosophy and Medicine with an emphasis on Anthropology and Paleontology , Mengele got swept up in the Nazi hysteria and even said that “this [fascist] simple political concept finally became the decisive factor in my life .” Mengele’s newfound admiration for the “simple political concept” led him to mix his studies of medicine and politics as his career choice.
Mengele received his PhD for his thesis entitled "Racial Morphological Research on the Lower Jaw Section of Four Racial Groups,” which suggested that one could define a person’s race by the shape of his or her jaw . The Nazi Organization saw his studies as talents, and Mengele was asked to be the leading physician and researcher at Auschwitz Concentration camp in Poland in May of 1943 . There, Dr. Mengele organized the testing of genetics in twins. The twins were arranged by age and sex and kept in barracks in between the test, which ranged from the injection of different chemicals into the eyes of the twins to see if it would change their colors to literally sewing the twins together in hopes of creating conjoined twins. There are two famous, heinous cases of the twin experiments that show the truly macabre actions of not only Dr. Mengele, but also of the medical staff in Nazi concentration camps across the continent of Europe: the twins known only as the Hungarian twins and Eva and Miriam Mozes Kor, twins from Transylvania.
The male Hungarian twins, eighteen-years-old, were considered “extremely athletic and handsome ” by the SS doctors who evaluated them. The twins had a considerable amount of body hair, and were often forced to hold their arms out for hours at a time so that their underarm hair could be consistently photographed and measured. Then, as with all other initial twin examinations, they had two-liter enemas, tubes shoved down into their chests to record lung capacities, and painful sexual organ assessments . As the weeks progressed, Mengele increased the severity of the experiments on the young men, and even placed the twins in vats of extremely hot water until they fainted. The doctors would then take the men out of the vats and cut off a certain, predetermined amount of body hair after and put the men back into the vats until they fainted again . This test went on for many trials. Then, the twins both went through extremely painful gastric surgeries without anesthesia and were screaming so loudly that Dr. Mengele ordered that they were gagged. Finally, a dissection was ordered on the twins, so they were given simultaneous injections to the heart, killing them. The dissection, in Mengele’s mind, was a crucial part of the experiments because it showed him how the human experiments that he performed affected the bodies.
Eva and Miriam Mozes Kor were ten-year-old twin girls from Transylvania that were immediately taken from their family and placed in a barrack with other young twins that were used for human experimentation. After going through exceedingly painful trials, such as those that were suffered by the Hungarian twins, Eva grew increasingly ill with a high fever and was sent to the hospital, where she was essentially left to die with no food or water . However, she thought of her suffering sister, Miriam, and persevered. January 27, 1945, just around the time that Eva made it back to the camp from the hospital, “Auschwitz was liberated by the Soviets ,” and Eva and Miriam Mozes Kor were free.
===Freezing experiments===
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