The Yorkshire Dales National Park is a 2,178 km2 (841 sq mi) national park in England which covers most of the Yorkshire Dales, the Howgill Fells, and the Orton Fells. The Nidderdale area of the Yorkshire Dales is not within the national park, and has instead been designated a national landscape. Most of the park is within North Yorkshire, with a sizeable area in Cumbria and a small part in Lancashire. The park was designated in 1954, and extended in 2016. More than 95% of the land in the park is privately owned; there are over 1,000 farms in this area.[1]
| Yorkshire Dales National Park | |
|---|---|
IUCN category V (protected landscape/seascape) | |
 National park entrance sign, near Skipton | |
 Location and extent of the Yorkshire Dales National Park, as of August 2016 | |
| Location | North Yorkshire, Westmorland & Lancashire, England |
| Coordinates | 54°15′N 2°13′W / 54.250°N 2.217°W |
| Area | 2,178 km2 (841 sq mi) |
| Max. elevation | Whernside 736 m (2,415 ft) |
| Designation | National Park |
| Established | 1954 |
In 2020, the national park was named an International Dark Sky Reserve. This means that the area has "low levels of light pollution with good conditions for astronomy".[2]
As of 2017,[update] some 23,500 residents live within the park boundary; a 2018 report estimated that the park attracted more than four million visitors per year.[3] The economy consists primarily of tourism and agriculture.[4]
Location
editThe park is 50 miles (80 km) north-east of Manchester; Otley, Ilkley, Leeds and Bradford lie to the south, while Kendal is to the west, Darlington to the north-east and Harrogate to the south-east.[5]
The national park does not include all the Yorkshire Dales. Parts of the dales to the south and east of the national park are located in the Nidderdale Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The national park includes the Howgill Fells and Orton Fells in the north west although they are not often considered part of the Dales.[citation needed]
History
editIn 1947, the Hobhouse Report recommended the creation of the Yorkshire Dales National Park covering parts of the West Riding and North Riding of Yorkshire. The proposed National Park included most of the Yorkshire Dales, but not Nidderdale. Accordingly, Nidderdale was not included in the National Park when it was designated in 1954. In 1963 the then West Riding County Council proposed that Nidderdale should be added to the National Park, but the proposal met with opposition from the district councils which would have lost some of their powers to the county council.
Following the Local Government Act 1972 most of the area of the national park was transferred in 1974 to the new county of North Yorkshire. An area in the north west of the national park (Dentdale, Garsdale and the town of Sedbergh) was transferred from the West Riding of Yorkshire to the new county of Cumbria. In 1997 management of the national park passed from the county councils to the Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority.[6]
2016 extension
editA westward extension of the park into Lancashire and Westmorland encompassed much of the area between the old boundaries of the park and the M6 motorway. This increased the area by nearly 24% and brought the park close to the towns of Kirkby Lonsdale, Kirkby Stephen and Appleby-in-Westmorland.[7][8][9][10][11] The extension also includes the northern portion of the Howgill Fells and most of the Orton Fells.[12] The expansion brought in parts of historic Lancashire and Westmorland to join part of North Yorkshire and the South West part of Cumbria.
Tourism
edit
The area has a wide range of activities for visitors. For example, many people come to the Dales for walking or other exercise. Several long-distance routes cross the park, including the Pennine Way, the Dales Way, the Coast to Coast Walk and the Pennine Bridleway.[13] Cycling is also popular and there are several cycleways.[14]
The DalesBus service provides service in the Dales on certain days in summer, "including the Yorkshire Dales National Park and Nidderdale Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty". In summer, these buses supplement the other services that operate year-round in the Dales.[15][16]
Tourism in the region declined due to restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, and into 2021. Later in 2021, the volume of visits was expected to increase as a result of the 2020 TV series All Creatures Great and Small, largely filmed within the Dales.[17] The first series aired in the UK in September 2020 and in the US in early 2021. One source stated that visits to Yorkshire websites had increased significantly by late September 2020.[18] By early 2021, the Discover England website was using the tag line "Discover All Creatures Great and Small in Yorkshire".[19]
The Dales Countryside Museum is housed in the converted Hawes railway station in Wensleydale in the north of the area.[20] The park also has five visitor centres.[21] These are at:
Other places and sights within the National Park include:
- Bolton Castle
- Clapham
- Cautley Spout waterfall
- Firbank Fell
- Gaping Gill
- Gayle Mill
- Hardraw Force
- Horton in Ribblesdale
- Howgill Fells
- Kisdon Force (waterfall) in Swaledale
- Leck Fell
- Malham Cove, Gordale Scar, Janet's Foss and Malham Tarn
- Orton Fells
- River Lune
- Sedbergh
- Settle
- Settle and Carlisle Railway including the Ribblehead Viaduct
- Wild Boar Fell
- The Yorkshire Three Peaks (Ingleborough, Pen-y-ghent and Whernside)
References
edit- ^ 4.2 Land ownership and population
- ^ "Yorkshire Dales and North York Moors made Dark Sky Reserves". BBC News. 8 December 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ Introduction to the Yorkshire Dales National Park, Section 2.1
- ^ 2.4 Population and economy
- ^ "Welcome to the Yorkshire Dales National Park". Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority.
- ^ Ray Woolmore (May 2002). "Yorkshire Dales National Park" (PDF). Designation History Series. Natural England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 June 2014. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
- ^ "Natural England – Lakes to Dales Landscape Designation Project". Archived from the original on 18 May 2012. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ "Yorkshire Dales National Park expansion plans agreed". BBC News. 28 September 2011. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
- ^ "Dales and Lakes national parks to 'join up' – but leak reveals there's no new money". The Yorkshire Post.
- ^ "Yorkshire Dales and Lake District national parks to be extended". BBC News. 23 October 2015. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ "Yorkshire Dales and Lake District national parks extend". BBC News.
- ^ "Yorkshire Dales expand into Lancashire in national parks land grab". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
- ^ "Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority – Things to do". Archived from the original on 2 July 2010. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ "Cycle the Dales". Cycle the Dales. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ "Welcome to DalesBus". DalesBus – Public Transport in the Yorkshire Dales. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ "Latest News". DalesBus – Public Transport in the Yorkshire Dales. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ "How Yorkshire Dales businesses are preparing for All Creatures Great and Small tourism boom... eventually". Yorkshire Post. 15 September 2020. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
He says this year has been extremely challenging for many businesses in the Dales. In the tourism business, it has been a disaster
- ^ "New All Creatures Great and Small brings a huge increase in Yorkshire tourism". Examiner. 24 September 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ "Discover 'All Creatures Great and Small' in Yorkshire Thirsk, North Yorkshire". British Tourist Authority. 24 October 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ "Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority – Dales Countryside Museum". Archived from the original on 26 July 2010. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ "Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority – National Park Centres". Archived from the original on 23 May 2010. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
External links
edit
Media related to Yorkshire Dales National Park at Wikimedia Commons
