The Vision of a Knight, also called The Dream of Scipio or Allegory, is a small egg tempera painting on poplar by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael, finished in 1503–1504.[1][2] It is in the National Gallery in London. It probably formed a pair with the Three Graces panel, also 17 cm square, now in the Château de Chantilly museum.
| Vision of a Knight | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Artist | Raphael |
| Year | 1503-1504 |
| Type | Egg tempera on poplar |
| Dimensions | 17.1 cm × 17.1 cm (6.7 in × 6.7 in) |
| Location | National Gallery, London |
There are a number of theories as to what the panel is intended to represent. Some art historians think the sleeping knight represents the Roman general Scipio Aemilianus (185–129 BC) who, according to Cicero's Somnium Scipionis, dreamed that he had to choose between Virtue (behind whom is a steep and rocky path) and Pleasure (in looser robes).
"This sleepy Lancelot also conjures up memories of another ancient hero: the Roman general Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Aemilianus, who toured the cosmos in a dream and learned (at least according to Cicero) that the reward of virtue is a place among the stars in heaven."[3]
However, the two feminine figures are not presented as contestants. They may represent the ideal attributes of the knight: the book, sword, and flower that they hold suggest the ideals of scholar, soldier and lover which a knight should combine.
The most likely source for the allegory depicted is from a passage in the Punica, an epic poem recounting the Second Punic War by the Latin poet Silius Italicus.[4]
The panel was moved to England by William Young Ottley in 1800.
Raphael used an extensive palette of paints to depict this colourful scene.[5] Pigments such as lead-tin yellow, ultramarine, verdigris and ochres have been identified in an pigment analysis at ColourLex.[6]
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ Thoenes 2005, p. 17.
- ^ Girardi 1999, p. 31.
- ^ Rowland 2020.
- ^ nationalgallery 2012.
- ^ Roy, Spring & Plazzotta 2004.
- ^ colourlex 2022.
References
edit- Thoenes, Christof (2005). Raphael. Taschen.
- Girardi, Monica (1999). Raffaello. La ricerca della perfezione e la tenerezza della natura. Associati.
- Rowland, Ingrid D. (2020). "The Virtuoso". The New York Review of Books. 67 (13).
- nationalgallery (2012). "Iconography | Studying Raphael | Research | The National Gallery, London". Nationalgallery.org.uk. Retrieved 17 October 2012.
- Roy, A.; Spring, M.; Plazzotta, C. (2004). "Raphael's Early Work in the National Gallery: Paintings before Rome".
- colourlex (2022). "Raphael, An Allegory (Vision of a Knight)". Retrieved 3 August 2022.
External links
edit- Details of the piece, National Gallery
Media related to Dream of the Knight and the Three Graces by Raphael at Wikimedia Commons
