शिला

See also: शाल, शाला, शील, शूल्, शीला, शूल, and -शाली

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शिला (śilā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ʃɪ.lɑː/, [ʃɪ.läː]
• Hyphenation: शि‧ला

Noun

शिला • (śilā) f (Urdu spelling شلا)

1. stone, rock

Declension

Declension of शिला (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	शिला śilā	शिलाएँ śilāẽ
oblique	शिला śilā	शिलाओं śilāõ
vocative	शिला śilā	शिलाओ śilāo

See also

• चट्टान (caṭṭān)
• पत्थर (patthar)

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शिला (śilā). Doublet of शिळा (śiḷā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɕi.la/
• Hyphenation: शि‧ला

Noun

शिला • (śilā) f

1. stone, especially a large, flat and hard stone
2. a slab

Declension

Declension of शिला (fem ā-stem)
direct singular	शिला śilā
direct plural	शिला śilā
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	शिला śilā		शिला śilā
oblique सामान्यरूप	शिले śile		शिलां- śilān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	शिलेला śilelā		शिलांना śilānnā
ergative	शिलेने, शिलेनं śilene, śilena		शिलांनी śilānnī
instrumental	शिलेशी śileśī		शिलांशी śilānśī
locative सप्तमी	शिलेत śilet		शिलांत śilāt
vocative संबोधन	शिले śile		शिलांनो śilānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of शिला (fem ā-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	शिलेचा śileċā	शिलेचे śileċe	शिलेची śilecī	शिलेच्या śilecā	शिलेचे, शिलेचं śileċe, śileċa	शिलेची śilecī	शिलेच्या śilecā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	शिलांचा śilānċā	शिलांचे śilānċe	शिलांची śilāñcī	शिलांच्या śilāncā	शिलांचे, शिलांचं śilānċe, śilānċa	शिलांची śilāñcī	शिलांच्या śilāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

See also

• दगड (dagaḍ)
• पत्थर (patthar)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “शिला”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “शिला”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “शिला”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “शिला”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শিলা (Assamese script)
• ᬰᬶᬮᬵ (Balinese script)
• শিলা (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰰𑰩𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑀺𑀮𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• ၐိလာ (Burmese script)
• શિલા (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼ਿਲਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑌿𑌲𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦶꦭꦴ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂱𑂪𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• ಶಿಲಾ (Kannada script)
• ឝិលា (Khmer script)
• ຨິລາ (Lao script)
• ശിലാ (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᡳᠯᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘱𑘩𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠢᠯᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧒𑧉𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑐶𑐮𑐵 (Newa script)
• ଶିଲା (Odia script)
• ꢯꢶꢭꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆴𑆬𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖰𑖩𑖯 (Siddham script)
• ශිලා (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿𑩑𑩽𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚮𑚥𑚭 (Takri script)
• ஶிலா (Tamil script)
• శిలా (Telugu script)
• ศิลา (Thai script)
• ཤི་ལཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒱𑒪𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑨁𑨬𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱHl-eh₂ (“stone”), which, if correct, is also the source of Old Armenian սալ (sal, “stone, rock”). This theory was tentatively favored by Mayrhofer, albeit with strong reservations, and has since come to be favored by Armenologists including Martirosyan.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕi.lɑ́ː/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɕi.l̪ɑː/

Noun

शिला • (śilā́) stem, f

1. stone, rock, crag (Av.)
2. red arsenic (Suśr.)
3. camphor (L.)
4. vein, tendon (L.)
5. top of the pillar supporting a house (L.)

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of शिला (śilā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शिला śilā	शिले śile	शिलाः śilāḥ
Vocative	शिले śile	शिले śile	शिलाः śilāḥ
Accusative	शिलाम् śilām	शिले śile	शिलाः śilāḥ
Instrumental	शिलया / शिला¹ śilayā / śilā¹	शिलाभ्याम् śilābhyām	शिलाभिः śilābhiḥ
Dative	शिलायै śilāyai	शिलाभ्याम् śilābhyām	शिलाभ्यः śilābhyaḥ
Ablative	शिलायाः / शिलायै² śilāyāḥ / śilāyai²	शिलाभ्याम् śilābhyām	शिलाभ्यः śilābhyaḥ
Genitive	शिलायाः / शिलायै² śilāyāḥ / śilāyai²	शिलयोः śilayoḥ	शिलानाम् śilānām
Locative	शिलायाम् śilāyām	शिलयोः śilayoḥ	शिलासु śilāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Derived terms

• तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā)

 

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri: شیل (śēl)
  • Shina: شل (šil)
• Pali: silā
• Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀮𑀸 (silā)
  • Central:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit:
      • Gujarati: સળ (saḷ), સલી (salī), સળાડ઼ી (saḷāṛī), સળાડ઼ૂં (saḷāṛū̃)
      • Hindustani: sil
        • Hindi: सिल, सिली
        • Urdu: سِل, سِلِی
  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit:
      • Bengali: শিল (śil)
      • Assamese: শিল (xil)
      • Sylheti: ꠢꠤꠟ (hil)
      • Odia: ସିଳ (siḷa), ସିଳା (siḷā)
  • Northern:
    • Khasa Prakrit:
      • Central Pahari:
        • Kumaoni: सिली (silī), सिलो (silo)
      • Eastern Pahari:
        • Nepali: सिलि (sili)
  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: ހިލަ (hila)
      • Sinhalese: සෙල (sela), සල (sala)
    • Maharastri Prakrit:
      • Marathi: शिळ (śiḷ)
  • Western:
    • Takka Apabhramsa:
      • Punjabi: sil

        Gurmukhi script: ਸਿਲ

        Shahmukhi script: سِلَ

        • Lahnda: سلھ (silh)
    • Vracada Apabhramsa:
      • Sindhi: sira

        Arabic script: سِرَ

        Devanagari script: सिर

• → Hindi: शिला (śilā)
• → Marathi: शिला (śilā)
• → Old Javanese: śilā
  • Javanese: ꦱꦺꦭ (séla)
  • → Balinese: ᬰᬶᬮᬵ (sila)
• → Sylheti: ꠡꠤꠟꠣ (śila)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “शिला”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1073/1.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sila”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 722