Japanese

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Kanji in this term
ぎょう
Grade: 2
へん
Grade: 4
かく
Grade: 5
かつ
Grade: 2
よう
Grade: 2
goon kan'on
Alternative spelling
ラ行變格活用 (kyūjitai)
 
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Etymology

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Compound of ラ行 (ra-gyō, ra-row) +‎ 変格活用 (henkaku katsuyō, irregular conjugation).

Pronunciation

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  • (Tokyo) ぎょーへんかくつよー [ráꜜgyòò hèńkákú káꜜtsùyòò] (Atamadaka + Nakadaka – [1]-[5])[1]
  • (Tokyo) ぎょーへんかくかつよー [ràgyóó héńkákú káꜜtsùyòò] (Nakadaka – [8])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ɾa̠ɡʲo̞ː hẽ̞ŋka̠kɯ̟ ka̠t͡sɨjo̞ː]

Noun

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行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (ra-gyō henkaku katsuyōらぎやうへんかくくわつよう (ra-gyau fenkaku kwatuyou)?

  1. (Classical Japanese grammar) a verbal conjugation class in which the verb stem ends in r- with four irregular bases: -a, -i, -u, and -e
    Synonyms: ラ行変格 (ra-gyō henkaku), ラ変 (ra-hen)
Archaic 未然形
Irrealis
連用形
Adverbial
終止形
Conclusive
連体形
Attributive
已然形
Realis
命令形
Imperative
あり (ar-, to be) あら (ara) あり (ari) あり (ari) ある (aru) あれ (are) あれ (are)
侍り (haber-, to serve) 侍ら (habera) 侍り (haberi) 侍り (haberi) 侍る (haberu) 侍れ (habere) 侍れ (habere)
居り (wor-, to be) 居ら (wora → ora) 居り (wori → ori) 居り (woru → ori) 居る (woru → oru) 居れ (wore → ore) 居れ (wore → ore)

Usage notes

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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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