Wiktionary

克

See also: 剋
克 U+514B, 克
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-514B
← 兊
[U+514A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 兌 →
[U+514C]

Translingual

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Han character

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Stroke order
 

克 (Kangxi radical 10, 儿+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十口竹山 (JRHU), four-corner 40216, composition ⿱古儿 or ⿱十兄)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 124, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1355
  • Dae Jaweon: page 263, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 269, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+514B

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 克
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
 
j16985
 
j16986
 
j16987
 
j16988
 
j16989
 
j16990
 
j16991
 
j16992
 
j16993
 
j16994
 
j16995
 
j16996
 
j16997
 
j16998
 
j16999
 
j17000
 
j17001
 
j17002
 
j17003
 
j17004
 
j17005
 
j17006
 
j17007
 
j17008
 
j17009
 
j17010
 
j17011
 
j17012
 
j17013
 
j17014
 
j17015
 
j17016
 
j17017
 
j17018
 
b10909
 
b10910
 
b10911
 
b10912
 
b10913
 
b10914
 
b10915
 
b10916
 
b10917
 
b10918
 
b10919
 
b10920
 
b10921
 
b10922
 
b10923
 
b10924
 
b10925
 
b10926
 
b10927
 
b10928
 
b10929
 
b10930
 
b10931
 
b10932
 
b10933
 
b10934
 
b10935
 
b10936
 
b10937
 
b10938
 
s04991
Transcribed ancient scripts
 
L38195
 
L38196
 
L38197
 
L38198
 
L38199
 
L27880
 
L27881
 
L27882
 
L27883
 
L27884
 
L27885
 
L27886
 
L27887
 
L27888
 
L27889
 
L27890
 
L27891
 
L27892
 
L27893
 
L27894
 
L27895
 
L27896
 
L27897
 
L27898
 
L27899
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (克) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
克 *kʰɯːɡ
剋 *kʰɯːɡ
勊 *kʰɯːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : a battle helmet 由 and a pelt 皮 – "to defeat; to vanquish". Alternatively, pictogram (象形) : a person 卩 carrying something 由 over their shoulders – "to shoulder; to be competent".

Also simplified from 剋.

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 克
"gram"
Short for 克蘭姆／克兰姆, from French gramme.
Tibetan measuring vessel, Tibetan volume unit, Tibetan area unit
From Tibetan ཁལ (khal).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 克
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 德 (131)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 苦得切
Baxter khok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰək̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰək̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰək̚/
Li
Rong 		/kʰək̚/
Wang
Li 		/kʰək̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kʰək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ke
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hak1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 克
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		kè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khok ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰˁək/
English carry; able; dominate

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 克
Reading # 1/1
No. 7480
Phonetic
component 		克
Rime
group 		職
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		刻
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰɯːɡ/
Notes 甲金文象人首頂物回手叉腰示勝任，
轉註爲勊

Definitions

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克

  1. (literary) to be able to
    克勤克儉／克勤克俭  ―  kèqínkèjiǎn  ―  hardworking and thrifty
  2. to defeat; to vanquish; to conquer
    Synonyms: 剋, 戰勝 / 战胜 (zhànshèng)
    克敵／克敌  ―  kèdí  ―  to defeat the enemy
  3. to subdue; to restrain
    克制  ―  kèzhì  ―  to restrain
  4. to digest
    克食  ―  kèshí  ―  to aid digestion
  5. to set (a time limit)
    克日  ―  kèrì  ―  to set a date
  6. (dialectal) Pronunciation spelling of 去.
  7. Used in transcription.
    克羅地亞／克罗地亚  ―  Kèluódìyà  ―  Croatia
    法蘭克福／法兰克福  ―  Fǎlánkèfú  ―  Frankfurt
    烏孜別克族／乌孜别克族  ―  Wūzībiékèzú  ―  Uzbek
    傑克／杰克  ―  Jiékè  ―  Jack
    馬克思／马克思  ―  Mǎkèsī  ―  Marx
    錫克／锡克  ―  xīkè  ―  sikh
    羅曼蒂克／罗曼蒂克  ―  luómàndìkè  ―  romantic
    夾克／夹克  ―  jiākè  ―  jacket
    馬賽克／马赛克 [Shanghainese]  ―  6mo-se5-kheq7 [Wugniu]  ―  mosaic
    巧克力 [Shanghainese]  ―  1chiau-kheq7-liq8 [Wugniu]  ―  chocolate
    1. gram (g)
      1市兩等於50克。／1市两等于50克。  ―  1 shìliǎng děngyú 50 kè.  ―  1 market tael is equivalent to 50 grams.
    2. a Tibetan unit of volume or dry measure
    3. a Tibetan unit of land area
See also
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Usage notes
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It is commonly used to transcribe the /k/ sound in words of foreign languages not immediately followed by a vowel, e.g. 傑克／杰克 (Jiékè, “Jack”), 法蘭克福／法兰克福 (Fǎlánkèfú, “Frankfurt”), , etc..

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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克 (Hokkien)

  1. to bear; to endure
  2. Alternative form of 𣁳 (khat)

Compounds

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Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of 克 – see 剋 (“to counteract; to work against; to conflict; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 剋).
Notes:

Japanese

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Kanji

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克

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. to overcome, to subdue (addiction, disease)
  2. to restrain (oneself)

Readings

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  • Go-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
  • Kun: かつ (katsu, 克つ)、よく (yoku, 克く)、よい (yoi)

Compounds

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Korean

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Hanja

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克 (eumhun 이길 극 (igil geuk))

  1. hanja form? of 극 (“to win; to beat; able; competent”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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克: Hán Nôm readings: khắc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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