叟

See also: 叜

叟	U+53DF, 叟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53DF

← 叞
[U+53DE]

CJK Unified Ideographs

叠 →
[U+53E0]

叟	U+2F837, 叟 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F837

← 及
[U+2F836]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

𠭣 →
[U+2F838]

Translingual

Alternative forms

In Taiwan and Hong Kong, this character and its derived characters are written with 𦥑 (7 strokes) as the upper component while in mainland China, this character and its derivatives are written with 臼 (6 strokes) as the upper component.
A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+2F837(composition: ⿱申又) and is encoded for a historical variant found in the Ming dynasty dictionary 《重訂直音篇》.

Han character

U+53DF 叟 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+8 in traditional Chinese, 又+7 in simplified Chinese, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese, 9 strokes in simplified Chinese, cangjie input 竹難中水 (HXLE), four-corner 7740₇, composition ⿱⿻臼丨又(G) or ⿱⿻𦥑丨又(HTJK))
U+2F837 叟 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 中中水 (LLE), composition ⿱申又)

Derived characters

傁, 嗖, 𭎾, 嫂, 𡻁, 㥰, 搜, 溲, 遚, 膄, 㮴, 𣯜, 𭵕, 獀, 瞍, 𥕋, 𦃈, 䏂, 艘, 螋, 謏(𫍲), 𧳶, 𫌆, 𧽏, 醙, 鎪(锼), 𩌅, 颼(飕), 餿(馊), 騪(𩨄), 𩴍, 䱸(𫠑), 鄋, 㪢, 㲣, 𠭦, 㟬, 𤔣, 蓃, 𥰞, 𠪇, 廋, 瘦, 𱈷 (Note: Different form used in mainland China)
捜, 痩 (Japanese shinjitai containing U+2F837(⿱申又))

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 166, character 21
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3176
Dae Jaweon: page 378, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 399, character 1
Unihan data for U+53DF

Unihan data for U+2F837

Chinese

trad.		叟
simp. ^#		叟
2nd round simp.		⿱由又
alternative forms		⿱申又 historical variant 叜 ancient 𡨎傁 ancient 𠋢

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (叟) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
㮴	*suːw
艘	suːw, sɯːw
嫂	*suːwʔ
瞍	sɯːw, suːʔ
謏	slɯːwʔ, suːʔ, suːs, srɯwɢ
叜	*sluːʔ
叟	*suːʔ
傁	*suːʔ
廋	suːʔ, sru
醙	suʔ, sru
遚	*sʰrus
餿	*sru
搜	*sru
颼	*sru
溲	sru, sruʔ
鎪	*sru
獀	*sru
鄋	*sru
螋	sru, sro
騪	*sru
瘦	*srus

Originally 叜. Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 宀 (“roof; house”) + 火 (“fire”) + 又 (“hand”) – hand holding a torch in the house – original form of 搜 (“to search”).

Since the clerical script, the top components 宀 and 火 have merged into the unrelated 𦥔.

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sǒu (sou³)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄡˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sau²
Eastern Min (BUC): sēu
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): só͘ / só

(Teochew, Peng'im): sou²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵seu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sǒu
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄡˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sǒu
  - Wade–Giles: sou³
  - Yale: sǒu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: soou
  - Palladius: соу (sou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /soʊ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sau²
  - Yale: sáu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sau²
  - Guangdong Romanization: seo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐu̯³⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sēu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛu³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: só͘
  - Tâi-lô: sóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sor
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /sɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: só
  - Tâi-lô: só
  - Phofsit Daibuun: soir
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /so⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sou²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sóu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sou⁵²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵seu
  - MiniDict: seu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²seu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sɤ³⁴/

Middle Chinese: suwX

Rime
Character	叟
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蘇后切
Baxter	suwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/səu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/səu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/səu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/səw^X/
Li Rong	/su^X/
Wang Li	/səu^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/sə̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sǒu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sau²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-ruʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*suːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	叟
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sǒu
Middle Chinese	‹ suw^X ›
Old Chinese	/s-ruʔ/ (dialect: > sruʔ > MC srjuwX > sruwX > suwX)
English	old man
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	叟
Reading #	1/1
No.	12070
Phonetic component	叟
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	叜
Old Chinese	/*suːʔ/
Notes	同叜隸變

Definitions

叟

^† old man; old gentleman
^† (honorific) Term of address for an elderly man: sir
- 王曰：「叟！不遠千里而來，亦將有以利吾國乎？」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  王曰：「叟！不远千里而来，亦将有以利吾国乎？」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Wáng yuē: “Sǒu! Bù yuǎn qiān lǐ ér lái, yì jiāng yǒu yǐ lì wú guó hū?” [Pinyin]
  The king said, “Venerable sir, since you have not counted it far to come here, a distance of a thousand li, may I presume that you are provided with counsels to profit my kingdom?”

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

叟

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): そう (sō)、しゅう (shū)
Kun: おきな (okina, 叟)

Korean

Hanja

叟 (eum 수 (su))

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Vietnamese

Han character

叟: Hán Nôm readings: tẩu

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