堹

堹 U+5839, 堹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5839 ← 堸 [U+5838] CJK Unified Ideographs 堺 → [U+583A]

Translingual

Han character

堹 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土竹十土 (GHJG), four-corner 4211₄, composition ⿰土重)

Derived characters

• 𪥟, 𤏍

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 234, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5287
• Dae Jaweon: page 472, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 464, character 8
• Unihan data for U+5839

Chinese

simp. and trad.		堹

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
撞	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
幢	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
橦	*rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇	*rdoːŋ
𩪘	*rdoːŋ
艟	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
憧	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
畽	*tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ
董	*toːŋʔ
蕫	*toːŋʔ, *doːŋ
箽	*toːŋʔ
懂	*toːŋʔ
湩	*toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈	*tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童	*doːŋ
僮	*doːŋ
瞳	*doːŋ
罿	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
犝	*doːŋ
潼	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
穜	*doːŋ, *doŋ
動	*doːŋʔ
慟	*doːŋs
堹	*toŋs
諥	*toŋs
蹱	*tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重	*doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟	*doŋ, *doŋs
蝩	*doŋ
褈	*doŋ, *tʰjoŋ
鐘	*tjoŋ, *tjoŋ
鍾	*tjoŋ
籦	*tjoŋ
種	*tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs
腫	*tjoŋʔ
踵	*tjoŋʔ
歱	*tjoŋʔ
喠	*tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ
偅	*tjoŋs
衝	*tʰjoŋ
揰	*tʰjoŋs
尰	*djoŋʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhòng (zhong⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhòng
    • Wade–Giles: chung⁴
    • Yale: jùng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jonq
    • Palladius: чжун (čžun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zung³
    • Yale: jung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: trjowngH

Rime
Character	堹
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	竹用切
Baxter	trjowngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨoŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈioŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶioŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuawŋH/
Li Rong	/ȶioŋH/
Wang Li	/ȶĭwoŋH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶi̯woŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*toŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	堹
Reading #	1/1
No.	17452
Phonetic component	重
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	湩
Old Chinese	/*toŋs/

Definitions

堹

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Jyutping Database (iso10646hk.net) - Cantonese Pronunciation List (Part 1), p. 88

Japanese

Kanji

堹

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): しょう (shō)、しゅ (shu)
• Kun: つつみ (tsutsumi)、くろ (kuro)、あぜ (aze)