壩

See also: 坝

壩 U+58E9, 壩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58E9 ← 壨 [U+58E8] CJK Unified Ideographs 壪 → [U+58EA]

Translingual

Han character

壩 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+21, 24 strokes, cangjie input 土一月月 (GMBB), four-corner 4112₇, composition ⿰土霸)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 242, character 33
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5630
• Dae Jaweon: page 482, character 31
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 502, character 25
• Unihan data for U+58E9

Chinese

trad.		壩
simp.		坝*
alternative forms		垻

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (霸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
壩	*praːɡs
霸	*praːɡs
灞	*praːɡs
欛	*praːɡs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *praːɡs) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 霸 (OC *praːɡs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): bà (ba⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚˋ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): бэ (be, II)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): baa³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pa
• Eastern Min (BUC): bá
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pà / pèr / pè

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ba³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵po
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ba⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bà
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bà
    • Wade–Giles: pa⁴
    • Yale: bà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bah
    • Palladius: ба (ba)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pä⁵¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: бэ (be, II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɛ⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: baa³
    • Yale: ba
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baa³
    • Guangdong Romanization: ba³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paː³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pa
    • Hakka Romanization System: ba
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ba⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pa⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: bá
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pà
    • Tâi-lô: pà
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pax
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pa⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /pa²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pa¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pèr
    • Tâi-lô: pèr
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pə⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pè
    • Tâi-lô: pè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pex
    • IPA (Taipei): /pe¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /pe²¹/

Note:

• pà - literary;
• pèr/pè - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ba³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pà
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pa²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵po
    • MiniDict: po^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²po
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /po³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ba⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pa̠⁴⁵/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*praːɡs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壩
Reading #	1/1
No.	180
Phonetic component	霸
Rime group	暮
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	霸
Old Chinese	/*praːɡs/

Definitions

壩

1. dam; embankment; dike
2. Alternative form of 垻 / 坝 (“plain; beach”)
3. beach (sandy, on a river, lake or coast, used chiefly in place names)

Synonyms

• (dam): 壩子／坝子 (bàzi)
• (beach): 沙灘／沙滩 (shātān)

Compounds

• 丁壩 / 丁坝
• 上壩 / 上坝 (Shàngbà)
• 作壩 / 作坝
• 六壩 / 六坝 (Liùbà)
• 南壩 / 南坝 (Nánbà)
• 坑壩 / 坑坝
• 坪壩 / 坪坝 (píngbà)
• 堤壩 / 堤坝 (dībà)
• 壩址 / 坝址
• 壩基 / 坝基
• 壩子 / 坝子 (bàzi)
• 壩工 / 坝工
• 壩田 / 坝田 (bàtián)
• 壩臺 / 坝台
• 攔沙壩 / 拦沙坝
• 攔河壩 / 拦河坝
• 攔洪壩 / 拦洪坝
• 水壩 / 水坝 (shuǐbà)
• 沙壩 / 沙坝 (Shābà)
• 河壩 / 河坝 (hébà)
• 連拱壩 / 连拱坝
• 重力壩 / 重力坝

 

Japanese

Kanji

壩

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): は (ha)、へ (he)
• Kun: るせき (ruseki)

Korean

Hanja

壩 • (pae) (hangeul 패, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'ae)

Vietnamese

Han character

壩: Hán Nôm readings: bá

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation