得意

Chinese

		get; obtain; gain get; obtain; gain; proper; suitable; proud; contented; allow; permit; ready; finished; a sentence particle used after a verb to show effect; degree or possibility; to have to; must; ought to; to need to	idea; meaning; wish idea; meaning; wish; desire; Italy (abbrev.)
simp. and trad. (得意)		得	意

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): déyì

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄜˊ ㄧˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dak¹ ji³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ak² yi¹ / dak² yi¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tet-yi
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tek-ì / tiak-ì / tit-ì
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁷teq-i₅

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: déyì → déyi (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄜˊ ㄧˋ → ㄉㄜˊ ˙ㄧ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: déyi̊
  - Wade–Giles: tê²-i⁵
  - Yale: dé-yi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: der.yih
  - Palladius: дэи (dɛi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɤ³⁵ i⁵¹/ → /tɤ³⁵ i³/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    得意
    得益
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dak¹ ji³
  - Yale: dāk yi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dak⁷ ji³
  - Guangdong Romanization: deg¹ yi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɐk̚⁵ jiː³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ak² yi¹ / dak² yi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ak̚⁵⁵ ji³³/, /tak̚⁵⁵ ji³³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tet-yi
  - Hakka Romanization System: ded^ˋ i
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ded⁵ yi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tet̚² i⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tet-yi
  - Hakka Romanization System: ded^ˋ (r)i
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ded⁵ yi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tet̚² (j)i⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tek-ì
  - Tâi-lô: tik-ì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dek'ix
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ i²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ i²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ i¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiak-ì
  - Tâi-lô: tiak-ì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diak'ix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ i⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tit-ì
  - Tâi-lô: tit-ì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dit'ix
  - IPA (Taipei): /tit̚³²⁻⁴ i¹¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tit̚³²⁻⁵ i²¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tit̚³²⁻⁴ i²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁷teq-i₅
  - MiniDict: teh^入 i^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴teq-i₂
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /təʔ³³ i⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /təʔ⁵⁵ i⁵²³/

Adjective

得意

(of a person) successful
他情場得意。／他情场得意。 ― Tā qíngchǎng déyì. ― He is lucky in love.
(often pejorative) smug; proud; self-satisfied
瞧他那個得意的樣兒。 [MSC, trad.]
瞧他那个得意的样儿。 [MSC, simp.]
Qiáo tā nàge déyì de yàngr. [Pinyin]
Look at him, looking so smug.
(Cantonese) cute; adorable
嘩，個 BB 太得意喇！我忍唔住啜咗佢一啖面珠墩。 [Cantonese, trad.]
哗，个 BB 太得意喇！我忍唔住啜咗佢一啖面珠墩。 [Cantonese, simp.]
waa³, go³ bi⁴ bi¹ taai³ dak¹ ji³ laa³! ngo⁵ jan² m⁴ zyu⁶ zyut^3-1 zo² keoi⁵ jat¹ daam⁶ min⁶ zyu¹ dan¹. [Jyutping]
Wow, the baby's too cute! I couldn't help but kiss his cheek.
(Cantonese) interesting; peculiar
你諗埋嗮啲嘢都夠嗮得意㗎喇。 [Cantonese, trad.]
你谂埋嗮啲嘢都够嗮得意㗎喇。 [Cantonese, simp.]
nei⁵ nam² maai⁴ saai³ di¹ je⁵ dou¹ gau³ saai³ dak¹ ji³ gaa³ laa³. [Jyutping]
The stuff you think about is quite peculiar.

Synonyms

(successful): 得志 (dézhì)
(smug): (Hokkien) 得訣／得诀, (Cantonese) 得戚
(cute):

Dialectal synonyms of 可愛 (“adorable; lovable; cute”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		可愛
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	可疼, 可人疼, 可愛
	Taiwan	可愛
	Singapore	可愛
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	喜歡人, 喜人
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	心疼, 得人愛
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	愛人, 逗人愛, 乖
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	逗人疼, 逗人喜歡
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	討喜
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	心疼人
Cantonese	Guangzhou	得人愛, 得人中意, 得意
	Hong Kong	得意
	Taishan	得意
	Yangjiang	得人愛
Gan	Nanchang	討人喜歡
Hakka	Meixian	得人惜
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	得人惜, 卡哇伊
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	得人惜, 卡哇伊
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	得人惜, 卡哇伊
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	得人惜, 卡哇伊
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	得人惜, 卡哇伊
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	得人惜, 卡哇伊
Jin	Taiyuan	粘人, 惜人, 親, 奇特
Northern Min	Jian'ou	好惜, 得人怒
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	好疼
Southern Min	Xiamen	得儂疼, 古錐, 古傑
	Quanzhou	得儂疼, 古錐
	Zhangzhou	得儂疼, 得儂惜, 古錐
	Tainan	得儂疼, 得儂惜, 古錐
	Penang (Hokkien)	趣味
	Singapore (Hokkien)	古錐
	Manila (Hokkien)	古錐, 得儂疼
	Datian	得儂惜
	Chaozhou	好惜
	Shantou	好惜, 得儂惜, 可愛
	Jieyang	好惜
	Puning	好惜, 趣味, 可愛
Wu	Suzhou	討人喜歡
Wu	Wenzhou	有趣, 有趣相
Xiang	Changsha	逗人愛, 帶愛相, 愛人
Xiang	Shuangfeng	帶愛相, 乖

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “successful”): (formal) 侘傺 (chàchì), 失意 (shīyì)

Derived terms

得意忘形 (déyìwàngxíng)
得意洋洋 (déyìyángyáng)

Related terms

愜意／惬意 (qièyì)
自豪 (zìháo)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
得	意
とく Grade: 5	い Grade: 3
on'yomi

Alternative forms

(honorific) 御(お)得(とく)意(い) (o-tokui)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) とくい [tòkúí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
(Tokyo) とくい [tòkúꜜì] (Nakadaka – [2])^[1]
IPA^(key): [to̞kɯ̟i]

Adjective

得(とく)意(い) • (tokui) -na (adnominal 得(とく)意(い)な (tokui na), adverbial 得(とく)意(い)に (tokui ni))

triumphant, proud
skilled

Inflection

Inflection of 得意

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	得意だろ	とくいだろ	tokui daro
Continuative (連用形)	得意で	とくいで	tokui de
Terminal (終止形)	得意だ	とくいだ	tokui da
Attributive (連体形)	得意な	とくいな	tokui na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	得意なら	とくいなら	tokui nara
Imperative (命令形)	得意であれ	とくいであれ	tokui de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	得意ではない得意じゃない	とくいではないとくいじゃない	tokui de wa nai tokui ja nai
Informal past	得意だった	とくいだった	tokui datta
Informal negative past	得意ではなかった得意じゃなかった	とくいではなかったとくいじゃなかった	tokui de wa nakatta tokui ja nakatta
Formal	得意です	とくいです	tokui desu
Formal negative	得意ではありません得意じゃありません	とくいではありませんとくいじゃありません	tokui de wa arimasen tokui ja arimasen
Formal past	得意でした	とくいでした	tokui deshita
Formal negative past	得意ではありませんでした得意じゃありませんでした	とくいではありませんでしたとくいじゃありませんでした	tokui de wa arimasen deshita tokui ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	得意で	とくいで	tokui de
Conditional	得意なら（ば）	とくいなら（ば）	tokui nara (ba)
Provisional	得意だったら	とくいだったら	tokui dattara
Volitional	得意だろう	とくいだろう	tokui darō
Adverbial	得意に	とくいに	tokui ni
Degree	得意さ	とくいさ	tokuisa

Noun

得(とく)意(い) • (tokui)

strong point
triumph
regular customer

Descendants

→ Korean: 도꾸이 (dokku'i, “regular customer (dialectal)”)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[NHK-1] 1.0 ^1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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