群

See also: 羣

群	U+7FA4, 群 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FA4

← 羣
[U+7FA3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

羥 →
[U+7FA5]

Translingual

Han character

群 (Kangxi radical 123, 羊+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 尸口廿手 (SRTQ) or 難尸口廿手 (XSRTQ), four-corner 1865₁, composition ⿰君羊)

Derived characters

𡀳, 𡑱, 𪷧, 𤐆, 𫲳, 𨆤, 𨮉, 𬚀, 𤺽, 𦏓, 𭁝, 𱻖

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 952, character 26
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28498
Dae Jaweon: page 1396, character 20
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3134, character 12
Unihan data for U+7FA4

Chinese

trad.		群/羣
simp.		群

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (君) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涒	*l̥ʰuːn
麏	*krun
莙	krun, ɡrunʔ, *klun
輑	*kʰrun
蜠	kʰrun, ɡrunʔ
峮	*kʰrun
窘	*ɡrunʔ
僒	*ɡrunʔ
君	*klun
桾	*klun
宭	klun, ɡlun
鮶	*klun
捃	*kluns
群	*ɡlun
羣	*ɡlun
裙	*ɡlun
裠	*ɡlun
帬	*ɡlun
焄	*qʰlun
郡	*ɡluns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡlun) : phonetic 君 (OC *klun) + semantic 羊 – a herd of sheep; a group.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-kul (“twenty; all”); cognate with 昆 (OC *kuːn, “swarming”), Tibetan ཀུན (kun, “all”), Burmese အကုန် (a.kun, “all”) (Benedict, 1972; STEDT).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): qún (qun²)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄣˊ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чүн (čün, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): kwan⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): kun³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiùn
Eastern Min (BUC): gùng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kûn

(Teochew, Peng'im): kung⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶jiun

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qún
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyún
  - Wade–Giles: chʻün²
  - Yale: chyún
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyun
  - Palladius: цюнь (cjunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰyn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qúnr
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄣˊㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyúnr
  - Wade–Giles: chʻün²-ʼrh
  - Yale: chyúnr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyul
  - Palladius: цюньр (cjunʹr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰyə̯ɻ³⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чүн (čün, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰyŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: kwan⁴
  - Yale: kwàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kwan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: kuen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: kun³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰun²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiun^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiun²
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯un¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gùng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kûn
  - Tâi-lô: kûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kuun
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kun²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kun²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kun¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kun²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kun²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kung⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khûng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶jiun
  - MiniDict: jiuin^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³jjyn
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑyn²³/

Middle Chinese: gjun

Rime
Character	群
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠云切
Baxter	gjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiun/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gun/
Li Rong	/ɡiuən/
Wang Li	/ɡĭuən/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kwan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ur/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡlun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	群
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qún
Middle Chinese	‹ gjun ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ur/
English	flock, herd, group
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	群
Reading #	1/1
No.	7295
Phonetic component	君
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	羣
Old Chinese	/*ɡlun/
Notes	羣字所注或體

Definitions

群

group; crowd; flock; herd; pack
multitude; many people
(group theory) group
(social media) group (of a group chat)
入群、退群 ― rùqún, tuìqún ― to join a group, to leave a group

群裡的 dalao 們／群里的 dalao 们 ― qúnlǐ de dàlǎomen ― all the great masters in the group

發錯群／发错群 ― fā cuò qún ― to post to the wrong group
numerous; many
Classifier for groups of people or animals: group of; flock of; herd of; pack of
(Cantonese, often derogatory) to hang out with
(～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 群 (MC gjun)
a surname

Synonyms

(group of people): 幫子／帮子 (bāngzi), 伙 (huǒ)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (群):

→ Japanese: 群(ぐん) (gun)

References

“群”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

群

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ぐん (gun, Jōyō)
Kan-on: くん (kun)
Kun: むれる (mureru, 群れる, Jōyō)、むら (mura, 群, Jōyō ^†)、むれ (mure, 群れ, Jōyō)、むらがる (muragaru, 群がる)

Compounds

群島(ぐんとう) (guntō)
群雄(ぐんゆう) (gun'yū)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
群
ぐん Grade: 4
on'yomi

Noun

群(ぐん) • (gun)

a group of people, animals, etc.
(group theory) a group

Suffix

群(ぐん) • (-gun)

group of people, animals, etc.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
群
むら Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 群 – see the following entry.

【むら】	[noun] 群, 叢, 簇: gathering, grouping [affix] 群, 叢, 簇: gathering, grouping Alternative spellings 叢, 簇

(This term, 群, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

群 (eumhun 무리 군 (muri gun))

hanja form^? of 군 (“group, crowd, horde, herd, flock, folk, people, mob”) ^[1]
(무리 질^[2] 군): to crowd, flock, gather, assemble
(많을 군): multitude

References

^ Compare Japanese Kun 群れ (むれ, mure, "crowd").
^ Compare Japanese Kun 群れる (むれる, mureru, "to crowd").

Vietnamese

Han character

群: Hán Nôm readings: quần, còn, quằn, cơn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] Compare Japanese Kun 群れ (むれ, mure, "crowd").

[2] Compare Japanese Kun 群れる (むれる, mureru, "to crowd").

[1]

[2]