芎

芎	U+828E, 芎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-828E

Translingual

Han character

芎 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿弓 (TN) or 難廿弓 (XTN), four-corner 4472₇, composition ⿱艹弓)

Szechuan lovage

Derived characters

𢽔

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1018, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30678
Dae Jaweon: page 1476, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3177, character 1
Unihan data for U+828E

Chinese

trad.		芎
simp. ^#		芎

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (弓) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
弓	*kʷɯŋ
穹	*kʰʷɯŋ
焪	kʰʷɯŋ, kʰʷɯŋs
芎	*kʰʷɯŋ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiōng, qiōng, qióng (xiong¹, qiong¹, qiong²)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄥ, ㄑㄩㄥ, ㄑㄩㄥˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gung¹ / hung¹ / kung⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): guung¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiûng
Eastern Min (BUC): gṳ̆ng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): goeng¹ / gyeng¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiong

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syong
  - Wade–Giles: hsiung¹
  - Yale: syūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiong
  - Palladius: сюн (sjun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyong
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiung¹
  - Yale: chyūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiong
  - Palladius: цюн (cjun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qióng
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyóng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiung²
  - Yale: chyúng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyong
  - Palladius: цюн (cjun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gung¹ / hung¹ / kung⁴
  - Yale: gūng / hūng / kùhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gung¹ / hung¹ / kung⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: gung¹ / hung¹ / kung⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/, /hʊŋ⁵⁵/, /kʰʊŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: guung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɵŋ³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: giung^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯uŋ²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gṳ̆ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: goeng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kœŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gyeng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyøŋ⁵³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong
  - Tâi-lô: kiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: khjuwng

Rime
Character	芎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	去宮切
Baxter	khjuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuwŋ/
Li Rong	/kʰiuŋ/
Wang Li	/kʰĭuŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷɯŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	芎
Reading #	1/1
No.	4082
Phonetic component	弓
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷɯŋ/

Definitions

芎

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Compounds

References

“芎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “芎”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 266.

Japanese

Kanji

芎

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): きゅう (kyū)、く (ku)

Korean

Hanja

芎 • (gung) (hangeul 궁, revised gung, McCune–Reischauer kung, Yale kwung)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.