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Translingual
editHan character
edit鉤 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 金心口 (CPR), four-corner 87120, composition ⿰釒句)
Derived characters
editRelated characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1302, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40319
- Dae Jaweon: page 1804, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4188, character 6
- Unihan data for U+9264
Chinese
edit| trad. | 鉤/鈎 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 钩 | |
| 2nd round simp. | 勾 | |
| nonstandard simp. | 𰽭 | |
| alternative forms | 句 | |
Glyph origin
edit| Historical forms of the character 鉤 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 勾 | *koː, *koːs |
| 鉤 | *koː |
| 鴝 | *koː, *ɡo |
| 句 | *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo |
| 夠 | *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː |
| 枸 | *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ |
| 軥 | *koː, *koːs, *ɡo |
| 狗 | *koːʔ |
| 苟 | *koːʔ |
| 岣 | *koːʔ, *ko |
| 笱 | *koːʔ |
| 玽 | *koːʔ |
| 耇 | *koːʔ |
| 豿 | *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ |
| 敂 | *koːʔ |
| 怐 | *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos |
| 雊 | *koːs |
| 竘 | *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ |
| 齁 | *qʰoː |
| 呴 | *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos |
| 蚼 | *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo |
| 豞 | *qʰoːs |
| 訽 | *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs |
| 佝 | *qʰoːs |
| 拘 | *ko |
| 駒 | *ko |
| 眗 | *ko |
| 跔 | *ko |
| 鮈 | *ko |
| 痀 | *ko |
| 蒟 | *koʔ, *kos |
| 絇 | *kos, *ɡo |
| 邭 | *kos |
| 劬 | *ɡo |
| 朐 | *ɡo |
| 鼩 | *ɡo |
| 斪 | *ɡo |
| 翑 | *ɡo |
| 葋 | *ɡo |
| 姁 | *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 欨 | *qʰo, *qʰoʔ |
| 喣 | *qʰoʔ |
| 煦 | *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 昫 | *qʰos |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ngau1 / gau1
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): gău
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1keu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄡ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gou
- Wade–Giles: kou1
- Yale: gōu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gou
- Palladius: гоу (gou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /koʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngau1 / gau1
- Yale: ngāu / gāu
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngau1 / gau1
- Guangdong Romanization: ngeo1 / geo1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɐu̯⁵⁵/, /kɐu̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: gau1 - rare.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiêu
- Hakka Romanization System: gieuˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gieu1
- Sinological IPA: /ki̯eu̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gău
- Sinological IPA (key): /kau⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- kau - vernacular;
- ko͘/kio - literary.
- Middle Chinese: kuw
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[kˤ](r)o/
- (Zhengzhang): /*koː/
Definitions
edit鉤
- hook; barb (Classifier: 個／个 m c)
- 彼竊鉤者誅，竊國者為諸侯，諸侯之門，而仁義存焉，則是非竊仁義聖知邪？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Bǐ qiè gōu zhě zhū, qiè guó zhě wèi zhūhóu, zhūhóu zhī mén, ér rén yì cún yān, zé shì fēi qiè rén yì shèng zhì yé? [Pinyin]
- Here is one who steals a hook (for his girdle) - he is put to death for it: here is another who steals a state - he becomes its prince. But it is at the gates of the princes that we find benevolence and righteousness (most strongly) professed - is not this stealing benevolence and righteousness, sageness and wisdom?
彼窃钩者诛，窃国者为诸侯，诸侯之门，而仁义存焉，则是非窃仁义圣知邪？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (obsolete) sickle
- checkmark (Classifier: 個／个 m)
- to hook
- to crochet
- to sew with large stitches
- (literary) to investigate
- (Chinese calligraphy) a stroke with a hook (such as in ㇠, ㇆, ㇚, or ㇟)
- (regional, card games) jack (J)
Synonyms
edit| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 鉤兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 鉤, 十一 |
| Zhengzhou | 鉤, 十一 | |
| Xi'an | 丁子 | |
| Xuzhou | 丁鉤兒, 甲鉤兒 | |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 丁鉤兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 鉤子, 鉤, 鉤鉤, 孫子 |
| Guiyang | 鉤鉤, 鉤, 夾鉤 | |
| Liuzhou | 歐 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 丁鉤 |
| Yangzhou | 茄鉤, 傑鉤 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 積 |
| Hong Kong | 積 | |
| Taishan | 積 | |
| Wuzhou | 積 | |
| Yulin | 鉤 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 鉤 |
| Lichuan | 鉤子 | |
| Pingxiang | 鉤子, 鉤 | |
| Hakka | Yudu | 鉤子 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 丁鉤 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 鉤子 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 丁 |
| Shantou | 丁 | |
| Puning | 丁 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 茄勾 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 斜鉤 | |
| Suzhou | 茄杠 |
Coordinate terms
editCompounds
edit- 上鉤／上钩 (shànggōu)
- 伸鉤索鐵／伸钩索铁
- 倒下鉤子／倒下钩子
- 倒掛金鉤／倒挂金钩
- 刈鉤／刈钩
- 吊鉤／吊钩
- 吳鉤／吴钩
- 單鉤／单钩
- 壁鉤／壁钩
- 射鉤／射钩
- 帶鉤／带钩 (dàigōu)
- 帳鉤／帐钩
- 彎鉤／弯钩 (wāngōu)
- 懸鉤子／悬钩子 (xuángōuzi)
- 拖鉤／拖钩
- 掛上鉤／挂上钩
- 探鉤／探钩
- 掛鉤／挂钩 (guàgōu)
- 掛鉤子／挂钩子
- 握鉤伸鐵／握钩伸铁
- 撓鉤／挠钩
- 攝魄鉤魂／摄魄钩魂
- 有鉤絛蟲／有钩绦虫
- 無鉤絛蟲／无钩绦虫
- 玉鉤／玉钩
- 研精鉤深／研精钩深
- 禮樂為鉤／礼乐为钩
- 秤鉤／秤钩 (chènggōu)
- 竊鉤竊國／窃钩窃国
- 竊鉤者誅，竊國者侯／窃钩者诛，窃国者侯 (qiè gōu zhě zhū, qiè guó zhě hóu)
- 脫鉤／脱钩 (tuōgōu)
- 蓮鉤／莲钩
- 藏鉤／藏钩
- 規矩鉤繩／规矩钩绳
- 豎折彎鉤／竖折弯钩 (shùzhéwāngōu)
- 車鉤／车钩 (chēgōu)
- 輪鉤／轮钩
- 金鉤／金钩
- 釣鉤／钓钩 (diàogōu)
- 鉤元提要／钩元提要
- 鉤勒／钩勒 (gōulè)
- 鉤吻／钩吻 (gōuwěn)
- 鉤子／钩子 (gōuzi)
- 鉤弦／钩弦
- 鉤心鬥角／钩心斗角
- 鉤戟／钩戟
- 鉤手／钩手 (gōushǒu)
- 鉤援／钩援
- 鉤搭／钩搭
- 鉤摭／钩摭
- 鉤校／钩校
- 鉤梯／钩梯
- 鉤欄／钩栏
- 鉤沉／钩沉 (gōuchén)
- 鉤深致遠／钩深致远
- 鉤爪／钩爪
- 鉤爪鋸牙／钩爪锯牙
- 鉤玄／钩玄
- 鉤玄提要／钩玄提要
- 鉤竿子／钩竿子
- 鉤索／钩索
- 鉤索羅織／钩索罗织
- 鉤絡帶／钩络带
- 鉤腸債／钩肠债
- 鉤藤／钩藤 (gōuténg)
- 鉤蟲／钩虫
- 鉤輈格磔／钩辀格磔
- 鉤邊／钩边
- 鉤針／钩针 (gōuzhēn)
- 鉤鐮槍／钩镰枪
- 鉤隱抉微／钩隐抉微
- 鉤章棘句／钩章棘句
- 鉤黨／钩党 (gōudǎng)
- 銀鉤／银钩
- 銀鉤蠆尾／银钩虿尾
- 銀鉤鐵畫／银钩铁画
- 鋸牙鉤爪／锯牙钩爪
- 鐵畫銀鉤／铁画银钩
- 鐵筆銀鉤／铁笔银钩
- 鐵鉤／铁钩
- 雙鉤／双钩
- 雙鉤廓填／双钩廓填
- 魚鉤／鱼钩 (yúgōu)
Japanese
editKanji
edit鉤
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings
editEtymology
edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鉤 |
| かぎ Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 鈎 |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editNoun
editReferences
edit- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
editHanja
edit鉤 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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