Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kwikwaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*kwiwaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkʷi.kʷɑz/

Adjective

*kwikwaz

alive
lively, quick

Inflection

Declension of *kwikwaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*kwikwaz	*kwikwai	*kwikwō	*kwikwôz	*kwikwą, -atō	*kwikwō
Accusative	*kwikwanǭ	*kwikwanz	*kwikwǭ	*kwikwōz	*kwikwą, -atō	*kwikwō
Genitive	*kwikwas, -is	*kwikwaizǫ̂	*kwikwaizōz	*kwikwaizǫ̂	*kwikwas, -is	*kwikwaizǫ̂
Dative	*kwikwammai	*kwikwaimaz	*kwikwaizōi	*kwikwaimaz	*kwikwammai	*kwikwaimaz
Instrumental	*kwikwanō	*kwikwaimiz	*kwikwaizō	*kwikwaimiz	*kwikwanō	*kwikwaimiz

Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*kwikwô	*kwikwaniz	*kwikwǭ	*kwikwōniz	*kwikwô	*kwikwōnō
Accusative	*kwikwanų	*kwikwanunz	*kwikwōnų	*kwikwōnunz	*kwikwô	*kwikwōnō
Genitive	*kwikwiniz	*kwikwanǫ̂	*kwikwōniz	*kwikwōnǫ̂	*kwikwiniz	*kwikwanǫ̂
Dative	*kwikwini	*kwikwammaz	*kwikwōni	*kwikwōmaz	*kwikwini	*kwikwammaz
Instrumental	*kwikwinē	*kwikwammiz	*kwikwōnē	*kwikwōmiz	*kwikwinē	*kwikwammiz

Derived terms

*kwiknaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *kwiku
- Old English: cwic, cuc, cucu, cwicu, cwuc, cwucu
  - Middle English: quyk, quic, quicke, quik, quike, quikke, quycke, quyke, quykke, qwicke, qwik, qwyck, qwyk, qwyke, cwic, cwich, cwick, cwuc (Early Middle English), qwhyke, weke, whik, whike, whikk, whyk, whyke, whykke (Northern)
    - English: quick (dialectal wick)
      - → Ido: quik
    - Scots: quick, queek
- Old Frisian: quik
  - North Frisian: quick, queck
  - Saterland Frisian: kwik
  - West Frisian: kwik, kwyk
- Old Saxon: quik
  - Middle Low German: *quik (in derivatives and compounds: e.g. quikpenninc, quikstērt, quiksilver)
    - German Low German: quick
    - → German: quick (chiefly in quicklebendig)
- Old Dutch: quic
  - Middle Dutch: quic
    - Dutch: kwik, kwiek
- Old High German: quic, quec, chëch
  - Middle High German: quëc, këc
    - German: keck; (qu- in Quecksilber, erquicken)
      - → Danish: kæk
      - → Dutch: kek
      - → Norwegian: kjekk
      - → Swedish: käck
Old Norse: kvikr, kykr
- Icelandic: kvikur
- Faroese: kvikur, kykur
- Norwegian:
  - Norwegian Bokmål: kvikk
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: kvik, kvikk
- Old Swedish: qvikker
  - Swedish: kvick
- Danish: kvik
Gothic: 𐌵𐌹𐌿𐍃 (qius)