birthday

English

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birthday

Alternative forms

birth-day (archaic)

Etymology

From Middle English birthdai, birtheday, from Old English ġebyrddæġ (“birthday”), influenced by Old Norse burðr, equivalent to birth +‎ day. Compare Saterland Frisian Gebuursdai (“birthday”), Dutch geboortedag (“birthday”), Low German Geboortsdag (“birthday”), German Geburtstag (“birthday”), Norwegian bursdag, gebursdag (“birthday”). Replaced non-native Middle English nativitee (“birth, nativity, birthday”), from Old French nativité, nativited, from Latin nātīvitas.

Pronunciation

(UK) IPA^(key): /ˈbɜːθ.deɪ/
(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈbɜːθ.di/
Audio (UK): (file)
(US, Canada) enPR: bûrthʹdā', IPA^(key): /ˈbɝθˌdeɪ/
Audio (US): (file)
Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)θdeɪ, -ɜːθdɪ

Noun

birthday (plural birthdays)

The anniversary of the day on which someone is born. [From 1570s]
When's your birthday? Mine's on April 1.
- 1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], chapter 2, in Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:
  Oliver Twist's ninth birthday found him a pale thin child, somewhat diminutive in stature, and decidedly small in circumference.
- 1903, L. Frank Baum, The Surprising Adventures of the Magical Monarch of Mo and His People, The Fifth Surprise: The Monarch Celebrates His Birthday,
  One of the Wise Men said the King was born in February; another declared it was in May, and a third figured the great event happened in October. So the King issued a royal decree that he should have three birthdays every year, in order to be on the safe side; and whenever he happened to think of it he put in an odd birthday or two for luck.
- 1906, Edith Nesbit, The Railway Children, Chapter 9: The pride of Perks,
  "And we thought we'd make a nice birthday for him. He's been so awfully jolly decent to us, you know, Mother," said Peter, "and we agreed that next bun-day we'd ask you if we could."
- c. 1911, Cotton Mather, Worthington Chauncey Ford (editor), Diary of Cotton Mather, Volume 1: 1681-1708, footnote, page 1,
  It was his custom to begin a new year's record on February 12, his birthday.
- 1921 June 4, “Birthday Honours — Companions of Honour”, in The Times:
  The King's Birthday, which occurred yesterday, will be officially observed to-day, and the customary list of honours conferred on the occasion is published.
The anniversary of the day on which something is created.
The date on which someone is born or something is created, more commonly called birthdate or date of birth.
A birthday party.
I'd like to invite you all to my birthday.

Derived terms

Translations

anniversary

Abenaki: piligadma
Afrikaans: verjaarsdag (af)
Alabama: innìhta
Albanian: ditëlindje (sq) f
Amharic: ልደታ (lədäta), ልደት (lədät)
Arabic: عِيد مِيلَاد m (ʕīd mīlād)
Egyptian Arabic: عيد ميلاد m (ʕīd melad)

South Levantine Arabic: عيد ميلاد m (ʕīd mīlād)
Armenian: ծննդյան օր (cnndyan ōr), ծնունդ (hy) (cnund)
Asturian: cumpleaños m
Azerbaijani: doğum günü, ad günü
Bambara: sanyɛlɛma
Bashkir: тыуған көн (tıwğan kön)
Basque: urtebetetze, urtemuga, egun (eu)
Belarusian: дзень нараджэ́ння m (dzjenʹ naradžénnja)
Bengali: জন্মদিন (bn) (jonmodin)
Bislama: betde
Breton: deiz-ha-bloaz (br) m
Bulgarian: рожде́н ден m (roždén den)
Burmese: မွေးနေ့ (my) (mwe:ne.)
Buryat: түрэһэн үдэр (türehen üder)
Carpathian Rusyn: народени́ны f pl (narodenýnŷ)
Catalan: aniversari (ca) m, natalici (ca) m
Cebuano: adlawng natawhan
Chamicuro: ipenonasne watane
Chinese:
Cantonese: 生日 (saang¹ jat⁶), 生辰 (saang¹ san⁴), 牛一 (ngau⁴ jat¹) (slang)

Dungan: сынжы (sɨnřɨ)

Eastern Min: 生日 (săng-nĭk)

Gan: 生日 (sen¹ liit)

Hakka: 生日 (sâng-ngit)

Hokkien: 生日 (zh-min-nan) (seⁿ-ji̍t, siⁿ-ji̍t, seng-ji̍t)

Jin: 生日 (seng¹ reh⁴)

Mandarin: 生日 (zh) (shēngrì), 生辰 (zh) (shēngchén)

Northern Min: 生日 (sáng-nì)

Wu: 生日 (¹san-nyiq)

Xiang: 生日 (sen¹ ri⁶)
Cornish: penn-bloodh m, pedn-bloodh m
Corsican: anniversariu m
Crimean Tatar: doğğan künü
Czech: narozeniny (cs) f pl
Danish: fødselsdag (da) c
Dolgan: төрөөбүт күн (törööbüt kün)
Dutch: verjaardag (nl) m
Edo: ẹ̀dúbíẹmwẹ̏
Esperanto: naskiĝotago, naskotago (eo), naskiĝtago (eo)
Estonian: sünnipäev (et), sünna (slang), sünkar (slang)
Faroese: føðingardagur m
Fijian: sigaanisucu (fj), siganisucu
Finnish: syntymäpäivä (fi), (informal) synttärit (fi)
French: anniversaire (fr) m, (Canada) fête (fr) f
Friulian: natalizi m
Galician: aniversario (gl) m
Georgian: დაბადების დღე (dabadebis dɣe)
German: Geburtstag (de) m
Silesian: Geburtstag m
Greek: γενέθλια (el) (genéthlia)
Ancient: γενέθλιος f (genéthlios)
Gujarati: વરસગાંઠ f (varasgā̃ṭh), જન્મદિવસ m (janmadivas), સાલગરેહ f (sālagreh), સાલગીરી f (sālgīrī)
Haitian Creole: anivèsè
Hawaiian: lā hānau
Hebrew: יום הולדת / יוֹם הֻלֶּדֶת (he) m (yóm hulédet)
Hindi: जन्मदिन m (janmadin), सालगिरह (hi) f (sālgirah)
Hungarian: születésnap (hu)
Iban: hari pengada
Icelandic: afmælisdagur (is) m, fæðingardagur m
Ido: naskodio (io)
Igala: ọ́jọ́-úbí
Igbo: nchèta ọ̄mụmụ
Indonesian: ulang tahun (id)
Ingrian: synnyn päivä, syntymäpäivä (traditionally not celebrated)
Interlingua: die natal
Irish: lá breithe m, breithlá m
Italian: compleanno (it) m
Izon: zii-eréín, ziibaị́
Japanese: 誕生日 (ja) (たんじょうび, tanjōbi), バースデー (ja) (bāsudē), 生日 (ja) (せいじつ, seijitsu), お誕生日 (ja) (おたんじょうび, o-tanjōbi) (honorific), 誕辰 (ja) (たんしん, tanshin)
Jeju: 셍일날 (seng'illal)
Kalmyk: һарсн өдр (ğarsn ödr), төрсн өдр (törsn ödr), миләһүд (miläğüd)
Kannada: ಜನ್ಮದಿನ (kn) (janmadina)
Kapampangan: pangabayit
Karelian: roindupäivy
Kashmiri: زا دۄہ (zā dọh), ؤہرٕوود (wạhrụwōd), زایہِ دۄہ (zāyhi dọh)
Kashubian: gebùrstach m
Kazakh: туған күн (tuğan kün)
Khmer: ថ្ងៃខួប (thngay khuəp)
Korean: 생일(生日) (ko) (saeng'il), 생신(生辰) (ko) (saengsin) (honorific), 탄신(誕辰) (ko) (tansin) (royal)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: rojbûn (ku)
Kyrgyz: туулган күнү (tuulgan künü)
Ladino: aniversario m, kumpleanyos m
Lao: ມື້ເກີດ (mư̄ kœ̄t), ຊົນມະທິ (son ma thi), ວັນຄ້າຍວັນເກີດ (wan khāi wan kœ̄t), ວັນເກີດ (wan kœ̄t)
Latin: diēs nātālis f, nātālis (la) m
Latvian: dzimšanas diena m
Lithuanian: gimtadienis (lt) m
Low German:
Dutch Low Saxon: verjaordag

German Low German: Geboortsdag (nds) m
Lü: ᦞᧃᦵᦂᦲᧆᧉ (vank̇oed²)
Luganda: amazaalibwa
Luxembourgish: Gebuertsdag (lb) m
Macedonian: роденден (mk) m (rodenden)
Malay: hari jadi (ms), hari lahir (ms)
Malayalam: പിറന്നാൾ (ml) (piṟannāḷ), ജന്മദിനം (ml) (janmadinaṁ)
Maltese: għeluq snin
Manx: laa ruggyree m
Maori: rā huritau
Marathi: वाढदिवस m (vāḍhdivas)
Mari:
Eastern Mari: шочмо кече (šočmo keče)
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: төрсөн өдөр (törsön ödör)

Mongolian: ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ
ᠡᠳᠦᠷ (törüɣsen edür)
Navajo: hoʼdizhchínę́ęjį́ anáyííłką́
Neapolitan: cumpreanno m
Nepali: जन्मदिन (janmadina)
Norman: jour de naissànse m (Guernsey)
North Frisian: irrdäi
Northern Sami: riegádanbeaivi, šaddanbeaivi
Norwegian:
Bokmål: bursdag (no) m, fødselsdag (no) m, gebursdag (no) m

Nynorsk: bursdag (no) m, fødselsdag m, gebursdag m
Occitan: aniversari m
Odia: ଜନ୍ମଦିନ (janmadina)
Okinawan: 生日 (っんまりびー, 'nmaribī)
Old English: ġebyrddæġ m
Pannonian Rusyn: родзени дзень m (rodzeni dzenʹ)
Pashto: کليزه f (kaliza)
Persian:
Iranian Persian: تَوَلُّد (tavallod), زادْروز (zâdruz)
Piedmontese: compleani m, compleann m
Polish: urodziny (pl) pl
Portuguese: aniversário (pt) m, dia de anos
Punjabi: ਜਨਮ-ਦਿਨ m (janma-din)
Quechua: wata junt'ay
Romanian: aniversare (ro), zi de naștere (ro)
Romansch: anniversari m
Russian: день рожде́ния (ru) m (denʹ roždénija), дню́ха (ru) f (dnjúxa) (slang)
Rwanda-Rundi: isabukuru class 9/6
Samoan: asofānau
Sardinian: anniversariu m
Saterland Frisian: Gebuursdai m
Scottish Gaelic: co-latha breith m, là-breith m
Semai: jis yesnos
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ро̏ђенда̄н m

Roman: rȍđendān (sh) m
Sicilian: fari l'annu, annivirsaru m, cunchi-annu m, cunchiannu m, natalizziu m
Sinhalese: උපන් දිනය (upan dinaya)
Slovak: narodeniny (sk) f pl
Slovene: rojstni dan (sl) m
Sorbian:
High Sorbian: narodniny

Low Sorbian: narodny źeń m, narodniny (pluralia tantum)
Spanish: cumpleaños (es) m, natalicio (es) m
Sranan Tongo: friyaridei
Swahili: siku ya uzalishi
Swedish: födelsedag (sv) c, bemärkelsedag (sv) c (special day)
Tagalog: kaarawan
Tajik: рӯзи таваллуд (rüz-i tavallud), таваллуд (tg) (tavallud), зодрӯз (zodrüz)
Tamil: பிறந்தநாள் (ta) (piṟantanāḷ)
Tatar: туган көн (tuğan kön)
Telugu: జన్మదినము (te) (janmadinamu)
Thai: วันเกิด (th) (wan-gə̀ət)
Tibetan: འཁྲུངས་སྐར ('khrungs skar) (honorific), སྐྱེ་ཚེས (skye tshes), སྐྱེས་སྐར (skyes skar)
Tigrinya: ዕለተ ልደት (ʿəlätä lədät)
Turkish: doğum günü (tr)
Turkmen: doglan güni
Tuvan: төрүттүнген хүнү (törüttüngen xünü)
Ukrainian: день наро́дження m (denʹ naródžennja), уроди́ни pl (urodýny)
Urdu: سالْگِرَہْ f (sālgirah), جَنْم دِن m (janm din) (India)
Uyghur: تۇغۇلغان كۈن (tughulghan kün)
Uzbek: tugʻilan kun
Venetan: compleano m
Vietnamese: sinh nhật (vi) (生日)
Volapük: motedadel (vo)
Welsh: penblwydd m, pen-blwydd (cy) m
West Flemish: verjaardag
West Frisian: jierdei
White Hmong: hnub yug
Yakut: төрөөбүт күн (törööbüt kün)
Yiddish: געבוירן־טאָג m (geboyrn-tog), געבורטסטאָג m (geburtstog)
Yoruba: ọjọ́-ìbí, ayẹyẹ oríkádún
Zulu: usuku lokuzalwa (zu)

date of birth — see also date of birth

Armenian: ծննդյան օր (cnndyan ōr)
Bashkir: тыуған көн (tıwğan kön)
Bengali: জন্মদিন (bn) (jonmodin)
Bulgarian: ден на ра́ждане m (den na ráždane), да́та на ра́ждане f (dáta na ráždane), рожде́на да́та f (roždéna dáta)
Burmese: မွေးနေ့ (my) (mwe:ne.)
Carpathian Rusyn: народени́ны f pl (narodenýnŷ)
Catalan: data de naixement
Chinese:
Cantonese: 出生日期 (ceot¹ sang¹ jat⁶ kei⁴)

Mandarin: 出生日期 (zh) (chūshēngrìqī)
Czech: narozeniny (cs) f pl
Danish: fødselsdag (da) c, fødselsdato (da) c
Dutch: geboortedag (nl) m, geboortedatum (nl) m
Estonian: sünnipäev (et)
Faroese: føðingardagur m
Finnish: syntymäaika (fi), synnyinpäivä, syntymäpäivä (fi)
French: date de naissance (fr) f
Georgian: დაბადების თარიღი (dabadebis tariɣi)
German: Geburtsdatum (de) n
Greek: ημερομηνία γεννήσεως f (imerominía genníseos)
Hungarian: születésnap (hu), születési idő (hu)
Icelandic: afmæli (is) n
Indonesian: hari lahir (id)
Ingrian: synnyn päivä
Italian: data di nascita f
Japanese: 生年月日 (ja) (せいねんがっぴ, seinengappi)
Korean: 생년월일(生年月日) (ko) (saengnyeonworil)
Kyrgyz: чыккан күн (cıkkan kün) туулган күн (ky) (tuulgan kün)
Latin: natalis (la) f, natalis (la) m
Latvian: dzimšanas datums m
Low German:
German Low German: Geboortsdatum n
Luxembourgish: Gebuertsdatum m
Macedonian: датум на раѓање m (datum na raǵanje)
Malayalam: ജനനത്തീയതി (jananattīyati)
Maltese: data ta’ twelied f
Maori: rā whānau
Marathi: जन्मदिवस m (janmadivas), जन्मदिन m (janmadin)
North Frisian: iirdäi
Norwegian:
Bokmål: fødselsdag (no) m
Persian:
Iranian Persian: تاریخِ تَوَلُّد (târix-e tavallod)
Polish: data urodzenia f
Portuguese: data de nascimento f
Romansch: di da naschientscha m, natalizi m
Russian: да́та рожде́ния f (dáta roždénija), день рожде́ния (ru) m (denʹ roždénija)
Scottish Gaelic: co-latha breith m, là-breith m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: дан рођења m, датум рођења m

Roman: dan rođenja m, datum rođenja m
Shor: шыққан кӱн
Southern Altai: чыккан кӱн (čïkkan kün), тууган кӱн (tuugan kün), тууган кӱни (tuugan küni)
Spanish: fecha de nacimiento f
Swedish: födelsedag (sv) c, födelsedatum (sv) n
Tagalog: kaarawan
Tibetan: སྐྱེས་སྐར (skyes skar)
Turkish: doğum tarihi (tr)
Ukrainian: да́та наро́дження m (dáta naródžennja), день наро́дження m (denʹ naródžennja)
Urdu: تارِیخِ پِیدائِش (tārīx-i pīdāiś), جَنْم دِن m (janm din), یَومِ پِیدائِش (yaum-i pīdāiś), یَومِ وِلادَت (yaum-i vilādat)
Vietnamese: ngày sinh (vi), ngày sinh tháng đẻ, ngày sanh
White Hmong: hnub yug

Verb

birthday (third-person singular simple present birthdays, present participle birthdaying, simple past and past participle birthdayed)

(intransitive, informal) To celebrate one's birthday.

Anagrams

tharybid