shine

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

shine

Pronunciation

(US, UK) enPR: shīn, IPA^(key): /ʃaɪn/
Audio (US): (file)
Audio (General Australian): (file)
Rhymes: -aɪn

Etymology 1

From Middle English shinen, schinen (preterite schon, past participle schinen), from Old English scīnan (“to shine, flash; be resplendent”; preterite scān, past participle scinen), from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan (“to shine”), from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną (“to shine”).

Verb

shine (third-person singular simple present shines, present participle shining, simple past and past participle shone or shined)

(intransitive, copulative) To emit or reflect light so as to glow.
- 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 194:
  The water shone pacifically; the sky, without a speck, was a benign immensity of unstained light; the very mist on the Essex marshes was like a gauzy and radiant fabric, hung from the wooded rises inland, and draping the low shores in diaphanous folds.
- 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 20, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
  ‘No. I only opened the door a foot and put my head in. The street lamps shine into that room. I could see him. He was all right. Sleeping like a great grampus. Poor, poor chap.’
(intransitive, copulative) To reflect light.
(intransitive, copulative) To distinguish oneself; to excel.
My nephew tried other sports before deciding on football, which he shone at right away, quickly becoming the star of his school team.
- 1867, Frederick William Robinson, No Man's Friend, Harper & Brothers, page 91:
  “ […] I was grateful to you for giving him a year’s schooling—where he shined at it—and for putting him as a clerk in your counting-house, where he shined still more.”
- 2011 January 15, Phil McNulty, “Tottenham 0 - 0 Man Utd”, in BBC‎^[1]:
  It prompted an exchange of substitutions as Jermain Defoe replaced Palacios and Javier Hernandez came on for Berbatov, who had failed to shine against his former club.
(intransitive, copulative) To be effulgent in splendour or beauty.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 10:
  So proud she shyned in her Princely state.
- 1728, [Alexander Pope], “(please specify the page)”, in The Dunciad. An Heroic Poem. […], Dublin, London: […] A. Dodd, →OCLC:
  Once brightest shined this child of heat and air.
(intransitive, copulative) To be eminent, conspicuous, or distinguished; to exhibit brilliant intellectual powers.
- c. 1713, Jonathan Swift, Thoughts on Various Subjects:
  Few are qualified to shine in company; but it in most men's power to be agreeable.
(intransitive, copulative) To be immediately apparent.
(transitive) To create light with (a flashlight, lamp, torch, or similar).
I shone my light into the darkness to see what was making the noise.
- 2007, David Lynn Goleman, Legend: An Event Group Thriller, St. Martin’s Press, published 2008, →ISBN, page 318:
  As Jenks shined the large spotlight on the water, he saw a few bubbles and four long wakes leading away from an expanding circle of blood.
(transitive) To cause to shine, as a light or by reflected light.
in hunting, to shine the eyes of a deer at night by throwing a light on them
- 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Goodness and Goodness of Nature”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:
  He [God] doth not rain wealth, nor shine honour and virtues, upon men equally.

Synonyms

(to emit light): beam, glow, radiate
(to reflect light): gleam, glint, glisten, glitter, luster, reflect
(to distinguish oneself): excel
(to make smooth and shiny by rubbing): wax, buff, polish, furbish, burnish

Coordinate terms

(to emit light): beam, flash, glare, glimmer, shimmer, twinkle

Derived terms

Translations

to emit light

Albanian: shëndrit
Arabic: لَمَعَ (ar) (lamaʕa), وَمَضَ (wamaḍa)
Hijazi Arabic: لَقّ (lagg), لَمَع (lamaʕ), شَعّ (šaʕʕ)
Armenian: փայլել (hy) (pʻaylel)
Aromanian: lutsescu
Assamese: জিলিকা (zilika), উজলা (uzola)
Asturian: brillar, llucir
Azerbaijani: parlamaq (az)
Belarusian: свяці́ць impf (svjacícʹ), ззяць impf (zzjacʹ)
Bulgarian: светя́ (bg) impf (svetjá), сия́я (bg) impf (sijája)
Burmese: ထွန်း (my) (htwan:)
Catalan: brillar (ca), lluir (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 發亮 / 发亮 (zh) (fāliàng), 照 (zh) (zhào), 發光 / 发光 (zh) (fāguāng), 輝 / 辉 (zh) (huī)
Crimean Tatar: yıltıramaq
Czech: svítit (cs)
Danish: skinne, lyse (da), stråle
Dutch: schijnen (nl), stralen (nl)
Egyptian:

(psḏj),

(wbn),

(sḥḏ)
Esperanto: brili (eo), lumi (eo)
Finnish: loistaa (fi), paistaa (fi), hohtaa (fi), helottaa (fi)
French: briller (fr), luire (fr)
Friulian: lusî, sflandorâ, slusorâ, splendi
Galician: brillar (gl), lucir (gl), relucir (gl), coruscar (gl), resplandecer (gl), raiar (gl)
Georgian: კაშკაშებს (ḳašḳašebs), ბრწყინავს (brc̣q̇inavs), ბრჭყვინავს (brč̣q̇vinavs), ანათებს (anatebs), ელვარებს (elvarebs), ჩახჩახებს (čaxčaxebs)
German: leuchten (de), scheinen (de)
Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽 (skeinan), 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (liuhtjan)
Greek: ακτινοβολώ (el) (aktinovoló)
Ancient: λάμπω (lámpō), φαίνω (phaínō)
Guaraní: mimbi, rataindy
Hebrew: זָרַח (he) (zarákh)
Hindi: चमकना (camaknā), जगमगाना (hi) (jagamgānā), झिलमिलाना (hi) (jhilmilānā), प्रकाशित करना (prakāśit karnā)
Hungarian: ragyog (hu), fénylik (hu)
Icelandic: ljóma (is)
Ido: lumar (io)
Interlingua: brillar
Irish: taitin
Italian: brillare (it), splendere (it), lucere
Japanese: 輝く (ja) (かがやく, kagayaku), 光る (ja) (ひかる, hikaru)
Korean: 비추다 (ko) (bichuda), 비치다 (ko) (bichida), 빛나다 (ko) (binnada)
Latin: lūceō (la), niteō
Lithuanian: šviesti
Luxembourgish: schéngen
Macedonian: сјае impf (sjae), свети impf (sveti)
Malay: sinar (ms)
Malayalam: തിളങ്ങുക (ml) (tiḷaṅṅuka)
Maori: tīaho
Nahuatl: tona
Norwegian: lyse (no)
Bokmål: skinne (no)

Nynorsk: skine
Occitan: lusir (oc), lusejar, brilhar (oc)
Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: сиꙗти impf (sijati)
Old East Slavic: сиꙗти impf (sijati)
Old English: scīnan
Persian: درخشیدن (fa) (deraxšidan)
Polish: świecić (pl) impf, błyszczeć (pl) impf, błyszczeć się impf
Portuguese: brilhar (pt), luzir (pt), resplandecer (pt)
Quechua: illay, llimphiy, k'anchay (qu)
Romagnol: brilêr
Romanian: străluci (ro), luci (ro), lumina (ro)
Romansch: traglischar, glischar, tarlischar, glischear, targlischier, glüschir
Russian: свети́ть (ru) impf (svetítʹ), сия́ть (ru) impf (sijátʹ), свети́ться (ru) impf (svetítʹsja) (intransitive)
Sanskrit: जिघर्ति (jigharti), रोचते (sa) (rocate)
Sardinian: lúchere, lúgere, luxi
Scottish Gaelic: deàrrs, deàlraich, boillsg
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: сѝјати impf

Roman: sìjati (sh) impf
Slovak: svietiť impf
Slovene: svetiti impf, sijati impf
Spanish: brillar (es), lucir (es)
Sumerian: 𒀯 (mul)
Swedish: lysa (sv), skina (sv), stråla (sv)
Tajik: дурахшидан (duraxšidan)
Telugu: ప్రకాశించు (te) (prakāśiñcu)
Thai: ส่อง (th) (sɔ̀ng), ฉาย (th) (chǎai)
Tocharian A: luk-
Tocharian B: luk-
Turkish: parlamak (tr)
Udmurt: пиштыны (pištyny)
Ukrainian: світи́ти impf (svitýty), сяя́ти impf (sjajáty)
Urdu: چمکنا (camaknā), جگمگانا (jagmagānā), جهلملانا (jhilmilānā)
Vietnamese: toả sáng, chiếu sáng (vi), soi sáng (vi)
Welsh: disgleirio (cy)
Yiddish: שײַנען (shaynen)

to reflect light

Armenian: փայլել (hy) (pʻaylel)
Belarusian: блішча́ць impf (bliščácʹ), блі́скаць impf (blískacʹ), зіхаце́ць impf (zixacjécʹ), ззяць impf (zzjacʹ)
Bulgarian: блестя́ (bg) impf (blestjá), сия́я (bg) impf (sijája)
Czech: třpytit se impf, blýskat se (cs) impf
Danish: glimte
Dutch: glanzen (nl), blinken (nl)
Finnish: kiiltää (fi), loistaa (fi), hohtaa (fi)
German: glänzen (de)
Greek:
Ancient: λάμπω (lámpō), φαίνω (phaínō)
Italian: risplendere (it)
Japanese: 輝く (ja) (かがやく, kagayaku)
Korean: 반짝이다 (ko) (banjjagida)
Latin: nitere
Macedonian: светка impf (svetka), сјае impf (sjae)
Malayalam: തിളങ്ങുക (ml) (tiḷaṅṅuka)
Nahuatl: tona
Polish: lśnić (pl) impf, błyszczeć (pl) impf, błyszczeć się (pl) impf, błyskotać impf (archaic)
Portuguese: cintilar (pt)
Russian: блесте́ть (ru) impf (blestétʹ), сия́ть (ru) impf (sijátʹ)
Scottish Gaelic: deàrrs, deàlraich, boillsg
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: блѝстати impf, сѝјати impf

Roman: blìstati (sh) impf, sìjati (sh) impf
Slovak: blyšťať sa impf
Slovene: blesteti impf, sijati impf
Swedish: blänka (sv), glänsa (sv), reflektera (sv)
Telugu: మెరియు (meriyu)
Ukrainian: блища́ти (uk) impf (blyščáty), ся́яти impf (sjájaty)

to distinguish oneself

Armenian: փայլել (hy) (pʻaylel)
Belarusian: блішча́ць impf (bliščácʹ), ззяць impf (zzjacʹ)
Bulgarian: блестя (bg) (blestja)
Danish: glimre, brillere
Dutch: uitblinken (nl)
Finnish: loistaa (fi), erottua (fi)
German: glänzen (de), brillieren (de)
Italian: brillare (it), lucere
Japanese: 目立つ (ja) (めだつ, medatsu)
Latin: emineo, excello, anteeo (la), antecedo
Malayalam: തിളങ്ങുക (ml) (tiḷaṅṅuka)
Polish: błyszczeć (pl) impf
Portuguese: sobressair (pt)
Romanian: străluci (ro)
Russian: блиста́ть (ru) impf (blistátʹ), сия́ть (ru) impf (sijátʹ)
Spanish: brillar (es), sobresalir (es)
Swedish: glänsa (sv), vara lysande (sv)
Telugu: వెలిగిపోవు (veligipōvu)
Ukrainian: блища́ти (uk) impf (blyščáty), ся́яти impf (sjájaty)

to be immediately apparent

Bulgarian: очевиден съм (očeviden sǎm)
Dutch: voor de hand liggen
Finnish: paistaa silmään
Latin: emineo
Portuguese: sobressair (pt)
Swedish: lysa i ögonen

ergative: to create light with a flashlight, lamp, torch, etc.

Greek:
Ancient: λάμπω (lámpō), φαίνω (phaínō)
Japanese: 照らす (ja) (てらす, terasu)
Spanish: alumbrar (es)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Ido: ^{(please verify)} brilar (io)
Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} menyinari (id), ^{(please verify)} bersinar (id)
Norman: ^{(please verify)} èrlithe (Jersey)
Romanian: ^{(please verify)} straluci

Noun

shine (countable and uncountable, plural shines)

Brightness from a source of light.
- 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC:
  the distant shine of the celestial city
Brightness from reflected light.
Excellence in quality or appearance; splendour.
Shoeshine.
Sunshine.
- 1685, John Dryden, Sylvae:
  be fair or foul, or rain or shine
(slang) Moonshine; illicitly brewed alcoholic drink.
(cricket) The amount of shininess on a cricket ball, or on each side of the ball.
(slang) A liking for a person; a fancy.
She's certainly taken a shine to you.
(archaic, slang) A caper; an antic; a row.

Synonyms

(brightness from a source of light): effulgence, radiance, radiancy, refulgence, refulgency
(brightness from reflected light): luster
(excellence in quality or appearance): brilliance, splendor
(shoeshine): See shoeshine
(sunshine): See sunshine
(slang: moonshine): See moonshine

Derived terms

Translations

brightness from a source of light

Armenian: փայլ (hy) (pʻayl)
Asturian: brillu m
Bulgarian: светлина (bg) f (svetlina), сияние (bg) n (sijanie)
Catalan: brillantor (ca) f, lluentor f, lluïssor f
Danish: skin (da) n
Dutch: schijn (nl) f, straling (nl) f
Finnish: loiste (fi), paiste (fi), hohde (fi), kirkkaus (fi)
French: éclat (fr) m
Galician: brillo (gl) m, brillantez (gl) f
Georgian: სინათლე (sinatle), ნათება (nateba), ბრწყინვალება (brc̣q̇invaleba), კაშკაში (ḳašḳaši), ელვარება (elvareba), ბრჭყვინვა (brč̣q̇vinva), ბრწყინვა (brc̣q̇inva), ჩახჩახი (čaxčaxi)
German: Schein (de) m
Hindi: रोशनी (hi) f (rośnī), प्रकाश (hi) m (prakāś)
Ingrian: äky, lens
Japanese: 輝き (ja) (kagayaki), 光 (ja) (hikari)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ڕۆشنایی (roşnayî)
Malayalam: തിളക്കം (ml) (tiḷakkaṁ)
Polish: blask (pl) m
Portuguese: brilho (pt) m
Romanian: strălucire (ro)
Russian: свет (ru) m (svet), сия́ние (ru) n (sijánije)
Spanish: brillo (es) m
Swedish: sken (sv) n
Telugu: ప్రకాశము (te) (prakāśamu)
Ukrainian: сві́тло (uk) n (svítlo)

brightness from reflected light

Armenian: փայլ (hy) (pʻayl)
Bulgarian: блясък (bg) m (bljasǎk)
Danish: glans c
Dutch: glans (nl) m
Esperanto: poluro (eo)
Finnish: valo (fi), hohde (fi), loiste (fi)
Galician: brillo (gl) m, brillantez (gl) f
German: Glanz (de) m
Hebrew: בָּרָק (he) m (baráq)
Japanese: 輝き (ja) (kagayaki)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: بریقە (brîqe)
Malayalam: തിളക്കം (ml) (tiḷakkaṁ)
Plautdietsch: Schien f
Polish: blask (pl) m
Portuguese: brilho (pt) m
Romanian: luciu (ro), lustru (ro)
Russian: блеск (ru) m (blesk), сия́ние (ru) n (sijánije)
Spanish: brillo (es) m
Swedish: glans (sv) c
Telugu: మెరుపు (te) (merupu)
Ukrainian: блиск (uk) m (blysk), ся́йво n (sjájvo)

excellence in quality or appearance

Armenian: փայլ (hy) (pʻayl)
Bulgarian: блясък (bg) m (bljasǎk)
Danish: brillans c
Dutch: uitmuntendheid (nl) f, bravoure (nl) f
Finnish: loistavuus (fi), loisteliaisuus (fi), loistokkuus (fi), loisto (fi)
German: Brillanz f, Glanz (de) m, Bravour (de) f
Japanese: 卓越 (ja) (takuetsu)
Polish: blask (pl) m
Portuguese: esplendor (pt) m
Russian: блеск (ru) m (blesk)
Swedish: finish (sv) c, polish (sv) c
Ukrainian: блиск (uk) m (blysk)

shoeshine — see shoeshine

sunshine — see sunshine

slang: moonshine — see moonshine

cricket: the amount of shininess on a cricket ball

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

German: ^{(please verify)} Glanz (de) m, ^{(please verify)} Schein (de), m
Italian: ^{(please verify)} lustro (it) m
Korean: ^{(please verify)} 빛 (ko) (bit)
Mandarin: ^{(please verify)} 亮光 (zh) (liàngguāng)
Romanian: ^{(please verify)} strălucire (ro) f

Etymology 2

From the noun shine, or perhaps continuing Middle English schinen in its causative uses, from Old English scīn (“brightness, shine”), and also Middle English schenen, from Old English scǣnan (“to render brilliant, make shine”), from Proto-Germanic *skainijaną, causative of *skīnaną (“to shine”).

Verb

shine (third-person singular simple present shines, present participle shining, simple past and past participle shined)

(transitive) To cause (something) to shine; put a shine on (something); polish (something).
He shined my shoes until they were polished smooth and gleaming.
(transitive, cricket) To polish a cricket ball using saliva and one’s clothing.

Synonyms

(to polish): polish, smooth, smoothen

Translations

to polish

Bulgarian: лъскам (bg) (lǎskam), полирам (bg) (poliram)
Danish: pudse, polere (da), blanke
Dutch: opblinken (nl), polieren (nl)
Finnish: kiillottaa (fi), puleerata (fi)
German: polieren (de), bohnern (de)
Japanese: 磨く (ja) (みがく, migaku)
Latin: tergeo, polio, expolio, levigo
Maori: whakapiata
Nahuatl: tona
Portuguese: lustrar (pt), polir (pt)
Romanian: lustrui (ro)
Russian: полирова́ть (ru) (polirovátʹ), чи́стить (ru) (čístitʹ) (shoes)
Scottish Gaelic: lìomh
Swedish: blanka (sv), polera (sv), putsa (sv)
Turkish: parlatmak (tr)

cricket: to polish a cricket ball

Anagrams

Enshi, Heins, Hines, NIEHS, hsien

Irish

Adjective

shine

Lenited form of sine.

Noun

shine

Lenited form of sine.

Japanese

Romanization

shine

Rōmaji transcription of しね

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

shine

Alternative form of schyne (“shin”)

Etymology 2

Verb

shine

Alternative form of schinen