ard
English
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Norwegian ard (“plough”), from Old Norse arðr.
Pronunciation
edit- (General American) IPA(key): /ɑɹd/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɑːd/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)d
Noun
editard (plural ards)
Synonyms
editTranslations
edit
|
Anagrams
editAzerbaijani
editCyrillic | ард | |
---|---|---|
Abjad | آرد |
Etymology
editFrom Common Turkic *ārt.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editard (definite accusative ardı, plural ardlar)
- back, rear
- sequel, continuation; something which is continued
Declension
editDeclension of ard | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | ard |
ardlar | ||||||
definite accusative | ardı |
ardları | ||||||
dative | arda |
ardlara | ||||||
locative | ardda |
ardlarda | ||||||
ablative | arddan |
ardlardan | ||||||
definite genitive | ardın |
ardların |
Derived terms
editDanish
editEtymology
editFrom Old Norse arðr (“plough, ard”), from Proto-Germanic *arþrą, cognate with Swedish årder and Norwegian Bokmål ard (whence (English ard). The Germanic word is related to Latin arātrum (“plough”) and Ancient Greek ἄροτρον (árotron, “plough”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editard c (singular definite arden, plural indefinite arder)
- (historical) plough, ard
Declension
editIrish
editAlternative forms
edit- arad (nonstandard)
- árd (obsolete)
Etymology
editFrom Old Irish ard,[1] from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editard (genitive singular masculine aird, genitive singular feminine airde, plural arda, comparative airde)
Declension
editsingular | plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | masculine | feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
nominative | ard | ard | arda | |
vocative | aird | arda | ||
genitive | airde | arda | ard | |
dative | ard | ard; aird (archaic) |
arda | |
Comparative | níos airde | |||
Superlative | is airde |
Derived terms
edit- airde f (“height; elevation; altitude; level; volume, pitch”)
- ard- (“high; arch-, chief; excellent, noble; advanced”)
Noun
editard m (genitive singular aird, nominative plural arda)
Declension
edit
|
Derived terms
editMutation
editradical | eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
---|---|---|---|
ard | n-ard | hard | t-ard |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
edit- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ard”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 256, page 130
- ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 16
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 275, page 97
Further reading
edit- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ard”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “árd”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 38
Manx
editEtymology
editFrom Old Irish ard, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰwós, from *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editard (plural ardey, comparative syrjey)
Noun
editard m (genitive singular ard, plural ardjyn)
Noun
editard m (genitive singular ard, plural ardjyn)
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ard”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Megleno-Romanian
editVerb
editard
- Alternative form of ardu
Northern Kurdish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editCompare Persian آرد (ârd, “flour”), Avestan 𐬀𐬴𐬀 (aṣ̌a, “ground”) and Old Armenian աղամ (ałam).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editard m (Arabic spelling ئارد)
Declension
editReferences
edit- Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ard”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 11
Old Irish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰwós, from *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editard (equative ardithir, comparative ardu, superlative ardam)
- high
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 23d23
- Cía thés hí loc bes ardu, ní ardu de; ní samlid són dúnni, air ⟨im⟩mi ardu-ni de tri dul isna lucu arda.
- Though he may go into a higher place, he is not the higher; this is not the case for us, for we are the higher through going into the high places.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 23d23
Inflection
edito/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | ard | ard | ard |
Vocative | aird* ard** | ||
Accusative | ard | aird | |
Genitive | aird | ardae | aird |
Dative | ard | aird | ard |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | aird | arda | |
Vocative | ardu arda† | ||
Accusative | ardu arda† | ||
Genitive | ard | ||
Dative | ardaib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
Noun
editard n (genitive aird, nominative plural arda)
Inflection
editNeuter o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | ardN | ardN | ardL, arda |
Vocative | ardN | ardN | ardL, arda |
Accusative | ardN | ardN | ardL, arda |
Genitive | airdL | ard | ardN |
Dative | ardL | ardaib | ardaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants
editMutation
editradical | lenition | nasalization |
---|---|---|
ard (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) |
unchanged | n-ard |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
edit- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ard”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Romanian
editVerb
editard
- inflection of arde:
Tat
editEtymology
editCognate with Persian آرد (ârd).
Noun
editard
- English terms borrowed from Norwegian
- English terms derived from Norwegian
- English terms derived from Old Norse
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)d
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)d/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Agriculture
- en:Tools
- Azerbaijani terms inherited from Common Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Common Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms with IPA pronunciation
- Azerbaijani terms with audio pronunciation
- Azerbaijani lemmas
- Azerbaijani nouns
- Danish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- Danish terms with historical senses
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erdʰ-
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish lemmas
- Irish adjectives
- Irish nouns
- Irish masculine nouns
- Irish first-declension nouns
- Manx terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Manx terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erdʰ-
- Manx terms inherited from Old Irish
- Manx terms derived from Old Irish
- Manx terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Manx terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Manx terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Manx terms with IPA pronunciation
- Manx lemmas
- Manx adjectives
- Manx nouns
- Manx masculine nouns
- gv:Compass points
- Megleno-Romanian lemmas
- Megleno-Romanian verbs
- Northern Kurdish 1-syllable words
- Northern Kurdish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Northern Kurdish lemmas
- Northern Kurdish nouns
- Northern Kurdish masculine nouns
- kmr:Cooking
- kmr:Foods
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erdʰ-
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish adjectives
- Old Irish terms with quotations
- Old Irish o/ā-stem adjectives
- Old Irish nouns
- Old Irish neuter nouns
- Old Irish neuter o-stem nouns
- Romanian non-lemma forms
- Romanian verb forms
- Tat lemmas
- Tat nouns