capio
See also: Cæpio
Latin
editPronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈka.pi.oː/, [ˈkäpioː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈka.pi.o/, [ˈkäːpio]
Etymology 1
editFrom Old Latin kapio, from Proto-Italic *kapjō, from Proto-Indo-European *kapyéti, from the root *kap- (“to seize, grab”).
Cognate with Albanian kap,[1][2] Breton kavout, Welsh cael, English have, heave, Lithuanian kàmpt, Ancient Greek κάπτω (káptō).
Alternative forms
edit- kapiō (Early Latin)
Verb
editcapiō (present infinitive capere, perfect active cēpī, supine captum); third conjugation iō-variant
- to take, to capture, to catch, to seize, to take captive, to storm
- Synonyms: expugnō, teneō, obsideo, retineo, comprehendō, dēprehendō, apprehendō, arripiō, prehendō, capessō, occupō, prehēnso
- to take on, adopt
- capere consilium ― to make a resolution
- c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 7.26:
- Cōnsilium cēpērunt ex oppidō profugere
- Adopted a design to flee from the town
- Cōnsilium cēpērunt ex oppidō profugere
- to hold, to contain
- Synonyms: habeō, contineo, teneō, comprehendō, apprehendō, concipio
- to occupy, to possess
- Synonyms: potior, possideō, obtineō, compleō, adipīscor, apprehendō, teneō, comprehendō, obsideō
- to take hold of, to take possession of, to possess
- Metus mē cēpit. ― Fear took hold of me.
- to take in, to comprehend, to understand
- Synonyms: apprehendō, comprehendō, dēprehendō, accipiō, cognōscō, concipiō, teneō, apīscor, complector, excipiō, exaudiō, cōnsequor
- Antonyms: nesciō, ignōrō
- to choose, select, elect
- to reach (usually indicates traveling by sea)
- to take in, to receive
- to get, to receive (said of property, value, money)
- to captivate, to charm, to fascinate, to enchant
Conjugation
edit Conjugation of capiō (third conjugation iō-variant)
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").
Derived terms
editDescendants
editEtymology 2
editFrom the above verb + -iō.
Noun
editcapiō f (genitive capiōnis); third declension
- A taking
- (law) The right of property acquired by prescription
Declension
editThird-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | capiō | capiōnēs |
| genitive | capiōnis | capiōnum |
| dative | capiōnī | capiōnibus |
| accusative | capiōnem | capiōnēs |
| ablative | capiōne | capiōnibus |
| vocative | capiō | capiōnēs |
Synonyms
edit- (a taking): captus
References
edit- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “kap”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 169
- ^ Demiraj, B. (1997) “kap”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)[1] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi
Further reading
edit- “capio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “capio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- capio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be unable to sleep: somnum capere non posse
- to begin with a thing: initium capere; incipere ab aliqua re
- to derive (great) profit , advantage from a thing: fructum (uberrimum) capere, percipere, consequi ex aliqua re
- to suffer loss, harm, damage: detrimentum capere, accipere, facere
- to derive pleasure from a thing: voluptatem ex aliqua re capere or percipere
- to infer by comparison, judge one thing by another: coniecturam alicuius rei facere or capere ex aliqua re
- to form a plan, make a resolution: consilium capere, inire (de aliqua re, with Gen. gerund., with Inf., more rarely ut)
- I am undecided..: incertus sum, quid consilii capiam
- I forget something: oblivio alicuius rei me capit
- to take a lesson from some one's example: sibi exemplum sumere ex aliquo or exemplum capere de aliquo
- to take pleasure in a thing: laetitiam capere or percipere ex aliqua re
- to be vexed about a thing: dolorem capere (percipere) ex aliqua re
- to take courage: animum capere, colligere
- to be touched with pity: misericordia moveri, capi (De Or. 2. 47)
- the house is not large enough for all: domus non omnes capit (χωρειν)
- to take food: cibum sumere, capere
- let the consuls take measures for the protection of the state: videant or dent operam consules, ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat (Catil. 1. 2. 4)
- to take up one's arms: arma capere, sumere
- to occupy a position (with troops): capere, occupare locum
- to capture horses: capere equos
- to take, storm a town: oppidum capere, expugnare
- to take to flight: fugam capessere, capere
- to take a person alive: capere aliquem vivum
- to capture a boat: navem capere, intercipere, deprehendere
- (ambiguous) bare-headed: capite aperto (opp. operto)
- (ambiguous) with head covered: capite obvoluto
- (ambiguous) to be blind: oculis captum esse (vid. sect. IV. 6., note auribus, oculis...)
- (ambiguous) to be affected by disease in every limb; to be paralysed: omnibus membris captum esse
- (ambiguous) to be overcome by sleep: somno captum, oppressum esse
- (ambiguous) to recklessly hazard one's life: in periculum capitis, in discrimen vitae se inferre
- (ambiguous) to be out of one's mind: mente captum esse, mente alienata esse
- (ambiguous) to be fired with love: amore captum, incensum, inflammatum esse, ardere
- (ambiguous) to subtract something from the capital: de capite deducere (vid. sect. XII. 1, note Notice too...) aliquid
- (ambiguous) to condemn some one to death: capitis or capite damnare aliquem
- (ambiguous) to repeal a death-sentence passed on a person: capitis absolvere aliquem
- (ambiguous) Solon made it a capital offence to..: Solo capite sanxit, si quis... (Att. 10. 1)
- (ambiguous) to suffer capital punishment: supplicio (capitis) affici
- to be unable to sleep: somnum capere non posse
Categories:
- Latin 3-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (seize)
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms inherited from Old Latin
- Latin terms derived from Old Latin
- Latin lemmas
- Latin verbs
- Latin terms with usage examples
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin third conjugation verbs
- Latin third conjugation verbs with irregular perfect
- Latin verbs with sigmatic forms
- Latin terms suffixed with -io (abstract noun)
- Latin nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the third declension
- Latin feminine nouns
- la:Law
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook