enrocar

Catalan

Etymology

From en- +‎ roc +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ən.ruˈka]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ən.roˈka]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [en.roˈkaɾ]
• Homophone: enrocà
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

enrocar (first-person singular present enroco, first-person singular preterite enroquí, past participle enrocat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /ɔ/

1. (transitive, chess) to castle

Conjugation

    Conjugation of enrocar (first conjugation, c-qu alternation)

infinitive			enrocar
gerund			enrocant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		enrocat		enrocada
		plural		enrocats		enrocades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	enroco	enroques	enroca	enroquem	enroqueu	enroquen
	imperfect	enrocava	enrocaves	enrocava	enrocàvem	enrocàveu	enrocaven
	future	enrocaré	enrocaràs	enrocarà	enrocarem	enrocareu	enrocaran
	preterite	enroquí	enrocares	enrocà	enrocàrem	enrocàreu	enrocaren
	conditional	enrocaria	enrocaries	enrocaria	enrocaríem	enrocaríeu	enrocarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	enroqui	enroquis	enroqui	enroquem	enroqueu	enroquin
	imperfect	enroqués	enroquessis	enroqués	enroquéssim	enroquéssiu	enroquessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	enroca	enroqui	enroquem	enroqueu	enroquin
	negative (no)	—	no enroquis	no enroqui	no enroquem	no enroqueu	no enroquin

Further reading

• “enrocar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Galician

Etymology

From en- +‎ roque +‎ -ar.

Verb

enrocar (first-person singular present enroco, first-person singular preterite enroquei, past participle enrocado)

1. (transitive, chess) to castle

Conjugation

    Conjugation of enrocar (c-qu alternation)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	enrocar
Personal	enrocar	enrocares	enrocar	enrocarmos	enrocardes	enrocaren
Gerund
	enrocando
Past participle
Masculine	enrocado			enrocados
Feminine	enrocada			enrocadas
Indicative
Present	enroco	enrocas	enroca	enrocamos	enrocades	enrocan
Imperfect	enrocaba	enrocabas	enrocaba	enrocabamos	enrocabades	enrocaban
Preterite	enroquei	enrocaches	enrocou	enrocamos	enrocastes	enrocaron
Pluperfect	enrocara	enrocaras	enrocara	enrocaramos	enrocarades	enrocaran
Future	enrocarei	enrocarás	enrocará	enrocaremos	enrocaredes	enrocarán
Conditional	enrocaría	enrocarías	enrocaría	enrocariamos	enrocariades	enrocarían
Subjunctive
Present	enroque	enroques	enroque	enroquemos	enroquedes	enroquen
Imperfect	enrocase	enrocases	enrocase	enrocásemos	enrocásedes	enrocasen
Future	enrocar	enrocares	enrocar	enrocarmos	enrocardes	enrocaren
Imperative
Affirmative		enroca	enroque	enroquemos	enrocade	enroquen
Negative (non)		non enroques	non enroque	non enroquemos	non enroquedes	non enroquen

    Reintegrated conjugation of enrocar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	enrocar
Personal	enrocar	enrocares	enrocar	enrocarmos	enrocardes	enrocarem
Gerund
	enrocando
Past participle
Masculine	enrocado			enrocados
Feminine	enrocada			enrocadas
Indicative
Present	enroco	enrocas	enroca	enrocamos	enrocades, enrocais	enrocam
Imperfect	enrocava	enrocavas	enrocava	enrocávamos	enrocávades, enrocáveis, enrocávais1	enrocavam
Preterite	enroquei	enrocaste, enrocache1	enrocou	enrocamos	enrocastes	enrocárom, enrocaram
Pluperfect	enrocara	enrocaras	enrocara	enrocáramos	enrocárades, enrocáreis, enrocárais1	enrocaram
Future	enrocarei	enrocarás	enrocará	enrocaremos	enrocaredes, enrocareis	enrocarám, enrocarão
Conditional	enrocaria	enrocarias	enrocaria	enrocaríamos	enrocaríades, enrocaríeis, enrocaríais1	enrocariam
Subjunctive
Present	enroque	enroques	enroque	enroquemos	enroquedes, enroqueis	enroquem
Imperfect	enrocasse	enrocasses	enrocasse	enrocássemos	enrocássedes, enrocásseis	enrocassem
Future	enrocar	enrocares	enrocar	enrocarmos	enrocardes	enrocarem
Imperative
Affirmative		enroca	enroque	enroquemos	enrocade, enrocai	enroquem
Negative (nom)		nom enroques	nom enroque	nom enroquemos	nom enroquedes, nom enroqueis	nom enroquem

¹Less recommended.

Portuguese

Etymology

From en- +‎ roque +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ʁoˈka(ʁ)/ [ẽ.hoˈka(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ʁoˈka(ʁ)/ [ĩ.hoˈka(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ʁoˈka(ʁ)/ [ẽ.hoˈka(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ʁoˈka(ʁ)/ [ĩ.hoˈka(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ʁoˈka(ɾ)/ [ẽ.hoˈka(ɾ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ʁoˈka(ɾ)/ [ĩ.hoˈka(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ʁoˈka(ʁ)/ [ẽ.χoˈka(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ʁoˈka(ʁ)/ [ĩ.χoˈka(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ʁoˈka(ɻ)/ [ẽ.hoˈka(ɻ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ʁoˈka(ɻ)/ [ĩ.hoˈka(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.ʁuˈkaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.ʁuˈkaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.ʁuˈka.ɾi/

Verb

enrocar (first-person singular present enroco, first-person singular preterite enroquei, past participle enrocado)

1. (transitive, chess) to castle

Conjugation

    Conjugation of enrocar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	enrocar
Personal	enrocar	enrocares	enrocar	enrocarmos	enrocardes	enrocarem
Gerund
	enrocando
Past participle
Masculine	enrocado			enrocados
Feminine	enrocada			enrocadas
Indicative
Present	enroco	enrocas	enroca	enrocamos	enrocais	enrocam
Imperfect	enrocava	enrocavas	enrocava	enrocávamos	enrocáveis	enrocavam
Preterite	enroquei	enrocaste	enrocou	enrocamos1, enrocámos2	enrocastes	enrocaram
Pluperfect	enrocara	enrocaras	enrocara	enrocáramos	enrocáreis	enrocaram
Future	enrocarei	enrocarás	enrocará	enrocaremos	enrocareis	enrocarão
Conditional	enrocaria	enrocarias	enrocaria	enrocaríamos	enrocaríeis	enrocariam
Subjunctive
Present	enroque	enroques	enroque	enroquemos	enroqueis	enroquem
Imperfect	enrocasse	enrocasses	enrocasse	enrocássemos	enrocásseis	enrocassem
Future	enrocar	enrocares	enrocar	enrocarmos	enrocardes	enrocarem
Imperative
Affirmative		enroca	enroque	enroquemos	enrocai	enroquem
Negative (não)		não enroques	não enroque	não enroquemos	não enroqueis	não enroquem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /enroˈkaɾ/ [ẽn.roˈkaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: en‧ro‧car

Etymology 1

From en- +‎ roque +‎ -ar.

Verb

enrocar (first-person singular present enroco, first-person singular preterite enroqué, past participle enrocado)

1. (transitive, chess) to castle

Conjugation

    Conjugation of enrocar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			enrocar
gerund			enrocando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		enrocado		enrocada
		plural		enrocados		enrocadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	enroco	enrocastú enrocásvos	enroca	enrocamos	enrocáis	enrocan
	imperfect	enrocaba	enrocabas	enrocaba	enrocábamos	enrocabais	enrocaban
	preterite	enroqué	enrocaste	enrocó	enrocamos	enrocasteis	enrocaron
	future	enrocaré	enrocarás	enrocará	enrocaremos	enrocaréis	enrocarán
	conditional	enrocaría	enrocarías	enrocaría	enrocaríamos	enrocaríais	enrocarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	enroque	enroquestú enroquésvos2	enroque	enroquemos	enroquéis	enroquen
	imperfect (ra)	enrocara	enrocaras	enrocara	enrocáramos	enrocarais	enrocaran
	imperfect (se)	enrocase	enrocases	enrocase	enrocásemos	enrocaseis	enrocasen
	future1	enrocare	enrocares	enrocare	enrocáremos	enrocareis	enrocaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		enrocatú enrocávos	enroque	enroquemos	enrocad	enroquen
	negative		no enroques	no enroque	no enroquemos	no enroquéis	no enroquen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of enrocar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive enrocar	dative	enrocarme	enrocarte	enrocarle, enrocarse	enrocarnos	enrocaros	enrocarles, enrocarse
	accusative	enrocarme	enrocarte	enrocarlo, enrocarla, enrocarse	enrocarnos	enrocaros	enrocarlos, enrocarlas, enrocarse
with gerund enrocando	dative	enrocándome	enrocándote	enrocándole, enrocándose	enrocándonos	enrocándoos	enrocándoles, enrocándose
	accusative	enrocándome	enrocándote	enrocándolo, enrocándola, enrocándose	enrocándonos	enrocándoos	enrocándolos, enrocándolas, enrocándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative enroca	dative	enrócame	enrócate	enrócale	enrócanos	not used	enrócales
	accusative	enrócame	enrócate	enrócalo, enrócala	enrócanos	not used	enrócalos, enrócalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative enrocá	dative	enrocame	enrocate	enrocale	enrocanos	not used	enrocales
	accusative	enrocame	enrocate	enrocalo, enrocala	enrocanos	not used	enrocalos, enrocalas
with formal second-person singular imperative enroque	dative	enróqueme	not used	enróquele, enróquese	enróquenos	not used	enróqueles
	accusative	enróqueme	not used	enróquelo, enróquela, enróquese	enróquenos	not used	enróquelos, enróquelas
with first-person plural imperative enroquemos	dative	not used	enroquémoste	enroquémosle	enroquémonos	enroquémoos	enroquémosles
	accusative	not used	enroquémoste	enroquémoslo, enroquémosla	enroquémonos	enroquémoos	enroquémoslos, enroquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative enrocad	dative	enrocadme	not used	enrocadle	enrocadnos	enrocaos	enrocadles
	accusative	enrocadme	not used	enrocadlo, enrocadla	enrocadnos	enrocaos	enrocadlos, enrocadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative enroquen	dative	enróquenme	not used	enróquenle	enróquennos	not used	enróquenles, enróquense
	accusative	enróquenme	not used	enróquenlo, enróquenla	enróquennos	not used	enróquenlos, enróquenlas, enróquense

Etymology 2

From en- +‎ rueca +‎ -ar.

Verb

enrocar (first-person singular present enrueco, first-person singular preterite enroqué, past participle enrocado)

1. to spin (e.g. yarn) on a distaff

Conjugation

    Conjugation of enrocar (o-ue alternation; c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			enrocar
gerund			enrocando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		enrocado		enrocada
		plural		enrocados		enrocadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	enrueco	enruecastú enrocásvos	enrueca	enrocamos	enrocáis	enruecan
	imperfect	enrocaba	enrocabas	enrocaba	enrocábamos	enrocabais	enrocaban
	preterite	enroqué	enrocaste	enrocó	enrocamos	enrocasteis	enrocaron
	future	enrocaré	enrocarás	enrocará	enrocaremos	enrocaréis	enrocarán
	conditional	enrocaría	enrocarías	enrocaría	enrocaríamos	enrocaríais	enrocarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	enrueque	enruequestú enroquésvos2	enrueque	enroquemos	enroquéis	enruequen
	imperfect (ra)	enrocara	enrocaras	enrocara	enrocáramos	enrocarais	enrocaran
	imperfect (se)	enrocase	enrocases	enrocase	enrocásemos	enrocaseis	enrocasen
	future1	enrocare	enrocares	enrocare	enrocáremos	enrocareis	enrocaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		enruecatú enrocávos	enrueque	enroquemos	enrocad	enruequen
	negative		no enrueques	no enrueque	no enroquemos	no enroquéis	no enruequen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of enrocar (o-ue alternation; c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive enrocar	dative	enrocarme	enrocarte	enrocarle, enrocarse	enrocarnos	enrocaros	enrocarles, enrocarse
	accusative	enrocarme	enrocarte	enrocarlo, enrocarla, enrocarse	enrocarnos	enrocaros	enrocarlos, enrocarlas, enrocarse
with gerund enrocando	dative	enrocándome	enrocándote	enrocándole, enrocándose	enrocándonos	enrocándoos	enrocándoles, enrocándose
	accusative	enrocándome	enrocándote	enrocándolo, enrocándola, enrocándose	enrocándonos	enrocándoos	enrocándolos, enrocándolas, enrocándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative enrueca	dative	enruécame	enruécate	enruécale	enruécanos	not used	enruécales
	accusative	enruécame	enruécate	enruécalo, enruécala	enruécanos	not used	enruécalos, enruécalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative enrocá	dative	enrocame	enrocate	enrocale	enrocanos	not used	enrocales
	accusative	enrocame	enrocate	enrocalo, enrocala	enrocanos	not used	enrocalos, enrocalas
with formal second-person singular imperative enrueque	dative	enruéqueme	not used	enruéquele, enruéquese	enruéquenos	not used	enruéqueles
	accusative	enruéqueme	not used	enruéquelo, enruéquela, enruéquese	enruéquenos	not used	enruéquelos, enruéquelas
with first-person plural imperative enroquemos	dative	not used	enroquémoste	enroquémosle	enroquémonos	enroquémoos	enroquémosles
	accusative	not used	enroquémoste	enroquémoslo, enroquémosla	enroquémonos	enroquémoos	enroquémoslos, enroquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative enrocad	dative	enrocadme	not used	enrocadle	enrocadnos	enrocaos	enrocadles
	accusative	enrocadme	not used	enrocadlo, enrocadla	enrocadnos	enrocaos	enrocadlos, enrocadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative enruequen	dative	enruéquenme	not used	enruéquenle	enruéquennos	not used	enruéquenles, enruéquense
	accusative	enruéquenme	not used	enruéquenlo, enruéquenla	enruéquennos	not used	enruéquenlos, enruéquenlas, enruéquense

Further reading

• “enrocar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10