iudaeus

Latin

Alternative forms

Iūdaeus (alternative case form)
jūdaeus (alternative form with j for i)

Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἰουδαῖος (Ioudaîos), ultimately from Biblical Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehûdâ, “Judah”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /i̯uːˈdae̯.us/, [i̯uːˈd̪äe̯ʊs̠]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /juˈde.us/, [juˈd̪ɛːus]

Adjective

iūdaeus (feminine iūdaea, neuter iūdaeum); first/second-declension adjective

Jewish, of or pertaining to the Jewish people.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
	singular			plural
nominative	iūdaeus	iūdaea	iūdaeum	iūdaeī	iūdaeae	iūdaea
genitive	iūdaeī	iūdaeae	iūdaeī	iūdaeōrum	iūdaeārum	iūdaeōrum
dative	iūdaeō	iūdaeae	iūdaeō	iūdaeīs
accusative	iūdaeum	iūdaeam	iūdaeum	iūdaeōs	iūdaeās	iūdaea
ablative	iūdaeō	iūdaeā	iūdaeō	iūdaeīs
vocative	iūdaee	iūdaea	iūdaeum	iūdaeī	iūdaeae	iūdaea

Noun

iūdaeus m (genitive iūdaeī, feminine iūdaea); second declension

a Judaean, Jew

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
	singular		plural
nominative	iūdaeus	iūdaea	iūdaeī	iūdaeae
genitive	iūdaeī	iūdaeae	iūdaeōrum	iūdaeārum
dative	iūdaeō	iūdaeae	iūdaeīs	iūdaeīs
accusative	iūdaeum	iūdaeam	iūdaeōs	iūdaeās
ablative	iūdaeō	iūdaeā	iūdaeīs	iūdaeīs
vocative	iūdaee	iūdaea	iūdaeī	iūdaeae

Related terms

Descendants

Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: ghjudeu
- Italian: giudeo, giudio
- Sicilian: judeu
Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: ğudiò
Gallo-Italic:
- Piedmontese: giudé
Gallo-Romance:
- Old Catalan: juheu
  - Catalan: jueu
- Old French: giu, jeu, ju, juiu, geu, gieu
  - Middle French: juif
    - French: juif
    - Franc-Comtois: djouée
    - Norman: jui
  - Middle English: Jew, Giw, Jeuh, Jeuw, Jewh, Giu, Gyu, Gyw, Jeu, Ju, juu, giw, Jeue, Jue, Jow, Jeuȝ, Juw, jow, Yew
    - English: Jew, Joo (usually derogatory)
      - Sranan Tongo: Dyu
    - Scots: Jew
- Old Occitan:
  - Occitan: jusieu, josieu
  - → Old Catalan: juseu
Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: chodigo
- Old Galician-Portuguese: judeu
  - Galician: xudeu
  - Portuguese: judeu
- Old Leonese:
  - Asturian: xudíu
  - Leonese: xudíu
- Old Spanish:
  - Ladino: djudío
  - Spanish: judío
    - → Zoogocho Zapotec: judío
→ Basque: judu
→ Cornish: Yedhow, 'Edhow
→ Gothic: 𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌿𐍃 (iudaius) (uncertain)
→ Old Dutch: judo
- Middle Dutch: jōde
  - Dutch: jood
→ Old Frisian: Iotha
- Saterland Frisian: Jode
→ Old Saxon: judeo
- Middle Low German: jȫde, jode, jodde, jödde, jǖde
  - German Low German: Juud
  - → Danish: jøde
  - → Norwegian:
    Norwegian Bokmål: jøde
    
    Norwegian Nynorsk: jøde
  - → Saterland Frisian: Jöäde
  - → Swedish: jude
→ Old Norse: júði
- Icelandic: júði
→ Old High German: judo, judeo
- Middle High German: jude, jüde
  - German: Jude
  - Luxembourgish: Judd
  - Yiddish: ייִד (yid)
    - → English: Yid, yid
Southern Common Slavic: → *Žydъ
- Proto-Eastern South Slavic: *Židъ
  - Old Church Slavonic:
    Old Cyrillic script: жидовинъ (židovinŭ)
    
    unspecified script:
    - → Old East Slavic: жидъ (židŭ), жидинъ (židinŭ), жидовинъ (židovinŭ)
      - Old Ruthenian: *жидъ (*žid)
        Belarusian: жыд (žyd)
        
        Ukrainian: жид (žyd)
      - Russian: жид (žid)
        → Yiddish: זשיד (zhid) (derogatory)
        
        → Latvian: žīds (derogatory)
    - → Romanian: jidov
  - Bulgarian: жид (žid)
- Proto-Western South Slavic: *Židъ
  - → Old Czech: žid, Žid
    - Czech: žid, Žid
    - → Old Polish: żyd, Żyd
      - Polish: żyd, Żyd
    - → Polabian: zaid
      - → Lithuanian: žỹdas
    - → Slovak: žid, Žid
    - →Sorbian:
      - Lower Sorbian: žyd, Žyd, žid, Žid
  - Serbo-Croatian:
    - Cyrillic script: жи̏д, жидов, Жи̏д, Жидов
    - Latin script: žȉd, židov, Žȉd, Židov
  - → Old Hungarian: sydou
    - Hungarian: zsidó
  - Slovene: žȉd, Žȉd (tonal orthography)
→ Scottish Gaelic: Iùdhach
→ Welsh: Iddew