lep

See also: LEP, lép, and lěp

Translingual

Symbol

lep

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Lepcha.

See also

• Wiktionary's coverage of Lepcha terms

English

Etymology

Short for Lepidoptera.

Noun

lep (plural leps)

1. (rare, sciences) A butterfly or moth.
   • 2006, Lori A. Spencer, Don R. Simons, Arkansas Butterflies and Moths, page 3:

     Butterflies and moths belong to the insect order Lepidoptera (“leps” for short), which means “scale-wing.”

Anagrams

• 'elp, -ple, EPL, LPE, pel

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *läppɜ (“roof, cover”). Cognate with Udmurt липыны (ľipyny, “covering, roof”) and Lule Sami liehpa/liehppa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlɛp]
• Rhymes: -ɛp

Verb

lep

1. (literary or archaic) to cover

   See synonyms at Thesaurus:fed.

Usage notes

This form normally occurs when a verbal prefix is separated from the verb:

• lep (…) be, be … lep ― belep
• lep (…) el, el … lep ― ellep
• lep (…) meg, meg … lep ― meglep

Conjugation

conjugation of lep

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lepek	lepsz	lep	lepünk	leptek	lepnek
		Def.	lepem	leped	lepi	lepjük	lepitek	lepik
		2nd-p. o.	leplek	―
	Past	Indef.	leptem	leptél	lepett	leptünk	leptetek	leptek
		Def.	leptem	lepted	lepte	leptük	leptétek	lepték
		2nd-p. o.	leptelek	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. lepni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	lepék	lepél	lepe	lepénk	lepétek	lepének
		Def.	lepém	lepéd	lepé	lepénk	lepétek	lepék
		2nd-p. o.	lepélek	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. lep vala, lepett vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	lependek	lependesz	lepend	lependünk	lependetek	lependenek
		Def.	lependem	lepended	lependi	lependjük	lependitek	lependik
		2nd-p. o.	lependelek	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lepnék	lepnél	lepne	lepnénk	lepnétek	lepnének
		Def.	lepném	lepnéd	lepné	lepnénk (or lepnők)	lepnétek	lepnék
		2nd-p. o.	lepnélek	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lepett volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lepjek	lepj or lepjél	lepjen	lepjünk	lepjetek	lepjenek
		Def.	lepjem	lepd or lepjed	lepje	lepjük	lepjétek	lepjék
		2nd-p. o.	lepjelek	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lepett légyen
Infinitive	lepni		lepnem	lepned	lepnie	lepnünk	lepnetek	lepniük
Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
	lepés		lepő	lepett	lependő	lepve (lepvén)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

potential conjugation of lep

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lephetek	lephetsz	lephet	lephetünk	lephettek	lephetnek
		Def.	lephetem	lepheted	lepheti	lephetjük	lephetitek	lephetik
		2nd-p. o.	lephetlek	―
	Past	Indef.	lephettem	lephettél	lephetett	lephettünk	lephettetek	lephettek
		Def.	lephettem	lephetted	lephette	lephettük	lephettétek	lephették
		2nd-p. o.	lephettelek	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	lepheték	lephetél	lephete	lepheténk	lephetétek	lephetének
		Def.	lephetém	lephetéd	lepheté	lepheténk	lephetétek	lepheték
		2nd-p. o.	lephetélek	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. lephet vala, lephetett vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	lephetendek or lepandhatok	lephetendesz or lepandhatsz	lephetend or lepandhat	lephetendünk or lepandhatunk	lephetendetek or lepandhattok	lephetendenek or lepandhatnak
		Def.	lephetendem or lepandhatom	lephetended or lepandhatod	lephetendi or lepandhatja	lephetendjük or lepandhatjuk	lephetenditek or lepandhatjátok	lephetendik or lepandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	lephetendelek or lepandhatlak	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lephetnék	lephetnél	lephetne	lephetnénk	lephetnétek	lephetnének
		Def.	lephetném	lephetnéd	lephetné	lephetnénk (or lephetnők)	lephetnétek	lephetnék
		2nd-p. o.	lephetnélek	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lephetett volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	lephessek	lephess or lephessél	lephessen	lephessünk	lephessetek	lephessenek
		Def.	lephessem	lephesd or lephessed	lephesse	lephessük	lephessétek	lephessék
		2nd-p. o.	lephesselek	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lephetett légyen
Inf.	(lephetni)		(lephetnem)	(lephetned)	(lephetnie)	(lephetnünk)	(lephetnetek)	(lephetniük)
Positive adjective			lephető	Neg. adj.	lephetetlen	Adv. part.	(lephetve / lephetvén)

Derived terms

• lepel

(With verbal prefixes):

• belep
• ellep
• meglep

Further reading

• lep in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Luo

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɛ̀p/

Noun

lep

1. tongue

Middle English

Alternative forms

• leep, lepe

Etymology

From Old English leap; see further there.

Noun

lep (plural lepes)

1. A basket; a bucket.
   • c. 1500, “Suspencio Iude [The Hanging of Judas]”, in Wakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England, Alfred W. Pollard, editors, The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press, 1897, →OCLC, page 395, lines 55–60:

     My ded to se then myght be noght; / A lytyll lep he gart be wroght, / & ther I was in bed [i-]brought / & bondon faste; / To the salt se then thay soght, / & In me Caste.

     So as not to see my death, he bade a basket be made, and I was brought there from my bed, and bound fast. They went to the salt sea, and cast me in.

Descendants

• English: leap

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

lep

1. (non-standard since 1938) present tense of lepja
2. (non-standard since 1938) imperative of lepja

Anagrams

• pel

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɛp/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛp
• Syllabification: lep

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lě̑pъ.

Noun

lep m inan

1. flypaper (“a strip of paper coated with a sticky, often poisonous, substance that catches and kills flies that land on it”)

Declension

Declension of lep

	singular	plural
nominative	lep	lepy
genitive	lepu	lepów
dative	lepowi	lepom
accusative	lep	lepy
instrumental	lepem	lepami
locative	lepie	lepach
vocative	lepie	lepy

Related terms

adjectives

• lepki
• lepowy

 

noun

• lepiszcze

 

verb

• lepić

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

lep f

1. genitive plural of lepa

Verb

lep

1. second-person singular imperative of lepić

Further reading

• lep in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• lep in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• lijȇp (Ijekavian)
• lip (Ikavian)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lěpъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lêːp/

Adjective

lȇp (Cyrillic spelling ле̑п, definite lȇpī, comparative lȅpšī)

1. nice, pretty

Declension

positive indefinite forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		lep	lepa	lepo
genitive		lepa	lepe	lepa
dative		lepu	lepoj	lepu
accusative	inanimate animate	lep lepa	lepu	lepo
vocative		lep	lepa	lepo
locative		lepu	lepoj	lepu
instrumental		lepim	lepom	lepim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		lepi	lepe	lepa
genitive		lepih	lepih	lepih
dative		lepim(a)	lepim(a)	lepim(a)
accusative		lepe	lepe	lepa
vocative		lepi	lepe	lepa
locative		lepim(a)	lepim(a)	lepim(a)
instrumental		lepim(a)	lepim(a)	lepim(a)

positive definite forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		lepi	lepa	lepo
genitive		lepog(a)	lepe	lepog(a)
dative		lepom(u/e)	lepoj	lepom(u/e)
accusative	inanimate animate	lepi lepog(a)	lepu	lepo
vocative		lepi	lepa	lepo
locative		lepom(e/u)	lepoj	lepom(e/u)
instrumental		lepim	lepom	lepim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		lepi	lepe	lepa
genitive		lepih	lepih	lepih
dative		lepim(a)	lepim(a)	lepim(a)
accusative		lepe	lepe	lepa
vocative		lepi	lepe	lepa
locative		lepim(a)	lepim(a)	lepim(a)
instrumental		lepim(a)	lepim(a)	lepim(a)

comparative forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		lepši	lepša	lepše
genitive		lepšeg(a)	lepše	lepšeg(a)
dative		lepšem(u)	lepšoj	lepšem(u)
accusative	inanimate animate	lepši lepšeg(a)	lepšu	lepše
vocative		lepši	lepša	lepše
locative		lepšem(u)	lepšoj	lepšem(u)
instrumental		lepšim	lepšom	lepšim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		lepši	lepše	lepša
genitive		lepših	lepših	lepših
dative		lepšim(a)	lepšim(a)	lepšim(a)
accusative		lepše	lepše	lepša
vocative		lepši	lepše	lepša
locative		lepšim(a)	lepšim(a)	lepšim(a)
instrumental		lepšim(a)	lepšim(a)	lepšim(a)

superlative forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		najlepši	najlepša	najlepše
genitive		najlepšeg(a)	najlepše	najlepšeg(a)
dative		najlepšem(u)	najlepšoj	najlepšem(u)
accusative	inanimate animate	najlepši najlepšeg(a)	najlepšu	najlepše
vocative		najlepši	najlepša	najlepše
locative		najlepšem(u)	najlepšoj	najlepšem(u)
instrumental		najlepšim	najlepšom	najlepšim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		najlepši	najlepše	najlepša
genitive		najlepših	najlepših	najlepših
dative		najlepšim(a)	najlepšim(a)	najlepšim(a)
accusative		najlepše	najlepše	najlepša
vocative		najlepši	najlepše	najlepša
locative		najlepšim(a)	najlepšim(a)	najlepšim(a)
instrumental		najlepšim(a)	najlepšim(a)	najlepšim(a)

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *lěpъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /léːp/

Adjective

lẹ̑p (comparative lẹ̑pši, superlative nȁjlẹ̑pši)

1. beautiful; handsome

   Antonym: gȓd

   Njegova hči je mlada in zelo lepa ženska. ― His daughter is a young and very pretty woman.

2. nice

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Hard
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nom. sing.	lép	lépa	lépo
singular
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lép ind lépi def	lépa	lépo
genitive	lépega	lépe	lépega
dative	lépemu	lépi	lépemu
accusative	nominativeinan or genitiveanim	lépo	lépo
locative	lépem	lépi	lépem
instrumental	lépim	lépo	lépim
dual
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lépa	lépi	lépi
genitive	lépih	lépih	lépih
dative	lépima	lépima	lépima
accusative	lépa	lépi	lépi
locative	lépih	lépih	lépih
instrumental	lépima	lépima	lépima
plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lépi	lépe	lépa
genitive	lépih	lépih	lépih
dative	lépim	lépim	lépim
accusative	lépe	lépe	lépa
locative	lépih	lépih	lépih
instrumental	lépimi	lépimi	lépimi

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Related terms

• lepóten
• lepóta
• lepótec / lepotíca
• lẹ̑pšati

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /léːp/

Noun

lẹ̑p m inan

1. (archaic) glue

   Synonym: lepílo

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	lép
gen. sing.	lépa
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	lép	lépa	lépi
genitive (rodȋlnik)	lépa	lépov	lépov
dative (dajȃlnik)	lépu	lépoma	lépom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	lép	lépa	lépe
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	lépu	lépih	lépih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	lépom	lépoma	lépi

Further reading

• “lep”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *leppä, possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic *léiˀpāˀ. Cognates include Finnish leppä.

Noun

lep

1. alder (tree)

Declension

Inflection of lep (inflection type 6/kuva)
nominative sing.	lep
genitive sing.	lepän
partitive sing.	lepäd
partitive plur.	lepid
	singular	plural
nominative	lep	lepäd
accusative	lepän	lepäd
genitive	lepän	lepiden
partitive	lepäd	lepid
essive-instructive	lepän	lepin
translative	lepäks	lepikš
inessive	lepäs	lepiš
elative	lepäspäi	lepišpäi
illative	lepähä	lepihe
adessive	lepäl	lepil
ablative	lepälpäi	lepilpäi
allative	lepäle	lepile
abessive	lepäta	lepita
comitative	lepänke	lepidenke
prolative	lepädme	lepidme
approximative I	lepänno	lepidenno
approximative II	lepännoks	lepidennoks
egressive	lepännopäi	lepidennopäi
terminative I	lepähäsai	lepihesai
terminative II	lepälesai	lepilesai
terminative III	lepässai	—
additive I	lepähäpäi	lepihepäi
additive II	lepälepäi	lepilepäi

Volapük

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [lep]

Noun

lep (nominative plural leps)

1. (male or female) ape
2. (male or female) monkey

Declension

declension of lep

	singular	plural
nominative	lep	leps
genitive	lepa	lepas
dative	lepe	lepes
accusative	lepi	lepis
vocative 1	o lep!	o leps!
predicative 2	lepu	lepus

• ¹ status as a case is disputed
• ² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

• lepik

Related terms

• lif
• lifav
• sügaf
• süganim
• süganimav
• nim
• nimav