Wiktionary

pes

See also: Appendix:Variations of "pes"

English

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Etymology

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From Latin pēs (“foot”). Doublet of foot, pie (“Spanish unit of length”), and pous.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pes (plural pedes)

  1. the foot of a human
  2. the hoof of a quadruped
  3. clubfoot or talipes
  4. (music) a neume representing two notes ascending

Synonyms

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Anagrams

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Catalan

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old Catalan pes, from Latin pēnsum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pes m (plural pesos)

  1. weight, the heaviness of something, as caused by the downward force of gravity of its mass.
  2. weight, a piece of metal or other materials known to weigh a definite amount, as the ones used on scales or sports
Derived terms
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References

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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pes

  1. plural of pe (“the letter P”)

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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pes

  1. (Balearic, Alghero) first-person singular present indicative of pesar

Cornish

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Alternative forms

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Noun

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pes f (singulative pesen)

  1. (Revived Late Cornish) peas

Czech

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Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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pes

Inherited from Old Czech pes, from Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.

Noun

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pes m anim (female equivalent psice or fena, related adjective psí)

  1. dog
  2. male dog
    Coordinate term: fena f
  3. scoundrel, bad person
Declension
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Declension of pes (hard masculine animate reducible)
singular plural
nominative pes psi
genitive psa psů
dative psovi, psu psům
accusative psa psy
vocative pse psi
locative psovi, psu psech
instrumental psem psy
Derived terms
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Further reading

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  • “pes”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “pes”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “pes”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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pes

  1. genitive plural of peso
Alternative forms
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Friulian

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Alternative forms

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  • peš (alternative spelling)

Etymology

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From Latin piscem.

Noun

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pes m (plural pes)

  1. fish
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Indonesian

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Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Etymology

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From Dutch pest, from Middle French peste (whence French peste), ultimately from Latin pestis.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈpɛs]
  • Hyphenation: pès

Noun

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pes or pès

  1. pest, plague.
    Synonym: sampar

Further reading

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Latin

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Latin Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia la
 
pēs hūmānus (human foot)
 
pēs equī (foot of a horse)

Etymology

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From Proto-Italic *pets, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds (compare Sanskrit पद् (pád), Ancient Greek πούς (poús) and Old English fōt, whence English foot).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pēs m (genitive pedis); third declension

  1. a foot, in its senses as
    1. (anatomy) a human foot
      … ne manus, nec pedes, nec alia membra …
      … not the hands, not the feet, and not the other limbs …
      • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.518:
        [...] ūnum exūta pedem vinclīs, in veste recīncta, [...].
        [... Dido’s] one foot having cast off its sandal-straps, with her garment loosened, [...].
      • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.395–397:
        Forte revertēbar fēstīs Vestālibus illa [...].
        hūc pede mātrōnam vīdī dēscendere nūdō.
        It so happened that I was returning from the festival of Vesta [...]. Here I saw a matron coming down barefoot.
        (Literally, in the ablative singular: “pede nūdō” or “with bare foot.” Roman matrons walked barefoot to honor Vesta (mythology) during the Vestalia.)
    2. (zoology) any equivalent body part of an animal, including hooves, paws, etc.
    3. (units of measure) any of various units of length notionally based on the adult human foot, especially (historical) the Roman foot.
    4. (poetry) a metrical foot: the basic unit of metered poetry
      • 8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Sorrows 1.15–16:
        vāde, liber, verbīsque meīs loca grāta salūtā:
        contingam certē quō licet illa pede!
        Go, [my] book, and greet with my words [those] beloved places: at least I shall reach [them] with the ‘foot’ that is allowed!
        (The exiled poet puns that the metrical “feet” of his poem shall go where his own “feet” cannot.)
    5. (geography) the base of a mountain
    6. (furniture) the bottom of a leg of a table, chair, stool, etc.
  2. (figuratively) a place to tread one's foot: territory, ground, soil
  3. (nautical) a rope attached to a sail in order to set
  4. (music) tempo, pace, time
  5. (botany) the pedicel or stalk of a fruit

Declension

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Third-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative pēs pedēs
genitive pedis pedum
dative pedī pedibus
accusative pedem pedēs
ablative pede pedibus
vocative pēs pedēs

Hyponyms

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Meronyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Balkan Romance:
    • ⇒ Aromanian: pezã
    • Romanian: piez ⇒ piază
  • Dalmatian:
  • Italo-Romance
  • Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Padanian:
  • Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Southern Gallo-Romance:
    • Catalan: peu
    • Old Occitan: pe
  • Ibero-Romance:
  • Sardinian:
    • Campidanese: pei
    • Logudorese: pe
    • Nuorese: pede
  • Derived forms:
  • Borrowings:
  • →⇒ German: stante pede

See also

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References

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  • "pes", in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • "pes", in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • pes in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • pes in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • “pes”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “pes”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Lombard

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Etymology

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Akin to Italian peso, from Latin pensum.

Noun

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pes

  1. weight

Middle English

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Noun

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pes

  1. Alternative form of pese

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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Related to pesa (“have a heavy breath”), compare Swedish päsa.

Noun

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pes m (definite singular pesen, uncountable)
pes n (definite singular peset, uncountable)

  1. A heavy breath (e.g. after a long run)
  2. stress, harry, rush
    Synonym: hastverk

Old Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pes m animal

  1. (mammals) dog

Declension

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Declension of pes (hard o-stem reducible)
singular dual plural
nominative pes psy psi, psové
genitive psa, psu psú psóv
dative psu, psovi psoma psóm
accusative pes, psa psy psy
vocative pse psy psi, psové
locative psě, psu, psovi psú psiech
instrumental psem psoma psy
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Old French

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Etymology

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From Latin pax.

Noun

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pes oblique singular, f (oblique plural pes, nominative singular pes, nominative plural pes)

  1. Alternative form of pais (“peace”)

Romani

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit [script needed] (appa),[1] [script needed] (atta),[1] from Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātman).[1]

Pronoun

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pes

  1. himself, herself (third-person singular reflexive pronoun)[1]

See also

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Romani personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Accusative Dative Locative Ablative Instrumental Possessive
Singular First — me man manqe manθe manθar mança miro, -i, -e
Second — tu tut tuqe tuθe tuθar tuça tiro, -i, -e
Reflexive third — — pes pesqe pesθe pesθar peça pesqero, -i, -e
Third Masculine ov les lesqe lesθe lesθar leça lesqero, -i, -e
Feminine oj la laqe laθe laθar laça laqero, -i, -e
Plural First — amen amenqe amenθe amenθar amença amaro, -i, -e
Second — tumen tumenqe tumenθe tumenθar tumença tumaro, -i, -e
Reflexive third — — pen penqe penθe penθar pença penqero, -i, -e
Third — on len lenqe lenθe lenθar lença lenqero, -i, -e
Kalderash Romani personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Accusative (long and short forms) Dative Locative Ablative Instrumental Possessive
Singular First — me man, ma mánge mánde mándar mánsa múrro m, múrri f, múrre pl
Second — tu tut, tu túke túte tútar túsa tíro m, tíri f, tíre pl
Reflexive third — — pês, pe pêske pêste pêstar pêsa pêsko m, pêski f, pêske pl
Third Masculine wo lês, le lêske lêste lêstar lêsa lêsko m, lêski f, lêske pl
Feminine woi la, la láke láte látar lása láko m, láki f, láke pl
Plural First — ame amên, ame amênge amênde amêndar amênsa amáro m, amári f, amáre pl
Second — tume tumên, tume tumênge tumênde tumêndar tumênsa tumáro m, tumári f, tumáre pl
Reflexive third — — pên, pe pênge pênde pêndar pênsa pêngo m, pêngi f, pênge pl
Third — won lên, le lênge lênde lêndar lênsa lêngo m, lêngi f, lênge pl

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “pe(s)”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 215a

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pes m (Cyrillic spelling пес)

  1. (Kajkavian, Croatia) dog
    Synonym: pas

Slovak

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pes m animal (genitive singular psa, nominative plural psi, psy, genitive plural psov)

  1. dog

Declension

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Declension of pes (patterns chlap (singular, plural 1) and dub (plural 2))
singularplural 1plural 2
nominativepespsoviapsy
genitivepsapsovpsov
dativepsovi,
psu		psompsom
accusativepsapsovpsy
locativepsovi,
psu		psochpsoch
instrumentalpsompsamipsami

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “pes”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024

Slovene

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Velik bel pes - A large white dog

Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pə̏s m anim (female equivalent psíca)

  1. dog
    Synonyms: kuža, bevskač, cucek, kuže, pesjak, pse, pseto, psina, renčač, kosmatinec
    Imamo tri pse. ― We have three dogs.
    Na sprehod grem s svojim psom. ― I'm going on a walk with my dog.
  2. (zoology) any of the species in family Canidae
  3. (zoology, in the plural) family Canidae
  4. (zoology, uncountable) genus Canis
  5. (figuratively, derogatory) a malicious person[→SSKJ]
    Synonyms: hudobnež, hudič, hudičevec, hudiman, hudimar, hudir, hudoba, hudobijan, hudobni, hudobnik, leviatan, mefisto, pasjeglavec, peklenšček, pesjan, pesjanar, peslajnar, pošast, pošastnik, psoglavec, satan, satanov služabnik, steklač, strupenec, strupenjak, škorpijon, vrag, zlobec, zlobnež, zlodej, zlodejevec, zlohotnež, zlomek, žlehtnoba
    Antonyms: dobričina, angel, dobrosrčnež, dobričnež, dobričnik, duša, dušica, mehkosrčnež, milosrčnež, svetnik
  6. (theater) unimportant role
    Synonym: stranska vloga
    Antonym: glavna vloga

Declension

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First masculine declension (hard o-stem, animate) , short ending accent, fill vowel ə
nom. sing. pə̏s
gen. sing. psȁ
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		pə̏s psȁ psȉ
genitive
rodȋlnik 		psȁ psȍv, psóv psȍv, psóv
dative
dajȃlnik 		psȕ, psȉ psȍma, psomȁ psȍm
accusative
tožȋlnik 		psȁ psȁ psȅ
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		psȕ, psȉ psȉh psȉh
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		psȍm psȍma, psomȁ psȉ
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		pə̏s psȁ psȉ



  • dialectal
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n=
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First masculine declension (hard o-stem, animate) , fixed accent, vowel is only written in nominative singular
nom. sing. pə̏s
gen. sing. psa
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		pə̏s psa psi
genitive
rodȋlnik 		psa psov psov
dative
dajȃlnik 		psu, psi psoma, psama psom, psam
accusative
tožȋlnik 		psa psa pse
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		psu, psi psih, psah psih, psah
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		psom psoma, psama psi
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		pə̏s psa psi


Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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  • “pes”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
  • “pes”, in Termania, Amebis
  • See also the general references

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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pes f pl

  1. plural of pe

Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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From English face.

Noun

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pes

  1. (anatomy) face
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 3:19:
      Na bai yu wok hat tru long kisim kaikai bilong yu na tuhat bai i kamap long pes bilong yu. Na bai yu hatwok oltaim inap yu dai na yu go bek long graun. Long wanem, mi bin wokim yu long graun, na bai yu go bek gen long graun.”
      →New International Version translation
  2. page

Torres Strait Creole

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Etymology 1

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From English face.

Noun

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pes

  1. face

Etymology 2

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Noun

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pes

  1. (eastern dialect) a ripe coconut
Usage notes
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Pes is the fifth stage of coconut growth. It is preceded by kopespes and followed by u.

Turkish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpes/
  • Hyphenation: pes

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Ottoman Turkish بس (bes, “Enough! Hold!”, interj.),[1][2] from Persian بس (bas, “enough”).

Interjection

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Pes!

  1. Used when accepting defeat; "I yield!" or "Uncle!"
  2. Used when at a loss for words at someone's extraordinary behavior or action; "I don't even know what to say!", "This is too much!" or "This takes the cake!"
    Yalanın bu kadarına da pes doğrusu! ― To be honest, I don't even know what to say about such a lie!
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Ottoman Turkish پس (pes, “low and soft or bass voice or tone”),[3][4] from Persian پست (past, “low, abject”).[5]

Adjective

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pes

  1. (music) That which is sung softly and slowly; bass.
Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Inherited from Ottoman Turkish پس (pes, “the hinder part, back of a thing, pursuit after a thing”), from Persian پس (pas, “back, hind; then, so, therefore”).

Noun

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pes (definite accusative pesi, plural pesler)

  1. (obsolete) back, hind part

Adverb

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pes

  1. (obsolete) then, so, in that case
    Synonyms: öyleyse, o hâlde, binaenaleyh
  2. (obsolete) then, after, afterwards
    Synonyms: sonra, müteakiben, nihayet
  3. (obsolete) in summary, in short, in conclusion
    Synonyms: hasılı, hasılıkelam, velhasıl
  4. (obsolete) when, whenever, as soon as

References

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  1. ^ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بس”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 363
  2. ^ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “بس”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 265
  3. ^ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “پس”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎[3], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 447
  4. ^ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “پس”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎[4], Constantinople: Mihran, page 322
  5. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “pes”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Further reading

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