Anexo:Líderes en efectividad en las Grandes Ligas de Béisbol

Las Grandes Ligas reconocen cada temporada al lanzador líder en efectividad o porcentaje de carreras limpias permitidas tanto en la Liga Nacional como en la Liga Americana.

El porcentaje de carreras limpias permitidas también conocido como "average de carreras limpias permitidas" (se anota como ERA por sus siglas en inglés; Earned Run Average). Como su nombre lo indica es el promedio de carreras que un lanzador admite en un juego. Resulta de la multiplicación de las carreras admitidas (anotadas sin la intervención de un error) por nueve (número de innings que dura un juego), y dividida la cantidad resultante entre el número de innings lanzados efectivamente. Por ejemplo si un lanzador admite 6 carreras en siete episodios : 6x9= 54/7 = 7.71 ERA

Liga Americana

Año	Jugador	Equipo (s)	ERA
1901	Cy Young	Boston Americans	1.62
1902	Ed Siever	Detroit Tigers	1.91
1903	Earl Moore	Cleveland Naps	1.74
1904	Addie Joss	Cleveland Naps	1.59
1905	Rube Waddell	Philadelphia Athletics	1.48
1906	Doc White	Chicago White Sox	1.52
1907	Ed Walsh	Chicago White Sox	1.60
1908	Addie Joss	Cleveland Naps	1.16
1909	Harry Krause	Philadelphia Athletics	1.39
1910	Ed Walsh	Chicago White Sox	1.27
1911	Vean Gregg	Cleveland Naps	1.80
1912	Walter Johnson	Washington Senators	1.39
1913	Walter Johnson	Washington Senators	1.14
1914	Dutch Leonard	Boston Red Sox	0.96
1915	Smokey Joe Wood	Boston Red Sox	1.49
1916	Babe Ruth	Boston Red Sox	1.75
1917	Eddie Cicotte	Chicago White Sox	1.53
1918	Walter Johnson	Washington Senators	1.27
1919	Walter Johnson	Washington Senators	1.49
1920	Bob Shawkey	New York Yankees	2.45
1921	Red Faber	Chicago White Sox	2.48
1922	Red Faber	Chicago White Sox	2.81
1923	Stan Coveleski	Cleveland Indians	2.76
1924	Walter Johnson	Washington Senators	2.72
1925	Stan Coveleski	Washington Senators	2.84
1926	Lefty Grove	Philadelphia Athletics	2.51
1927	Wilcy Moore	New York Yankees	2.28
1928	Garland Braxton	Washington Senators	2.51
1929	Lefty Grove	Philadelphia Athletics	2.81
1930	Lefty Grove	Philadelphia Athletics	2.54
1931	Lefty Grove	Philadelphia Athletics	2.06
1932	Lefty Grove	Philadelphia Athletics	2.84
1933	Mel Harder	Cleveland Indians	2.95
1934	Lefty Gomez	New York Yankees	2.33
1935	Lefty Grove	Boston Red Sox	2.70
1936	Lefty Grove	Boston Red Sox	2.81
1937	Lefty Gomez	New York Yankees	2.33
1938	Lefty Grove	Boston Red Sox	3.08
1939	Lefty Grove	Boston Red Sox	2.54
1940	Bob Feller	Cleveland Indians	2.61
1941	Thornton Lee	Chicago White Sox	2.37
1942	Ted Lyons	Chicago White Sox	2.10
1943	Spud Chandler	New York Yankees	1.64
1944	Dizzy Trout	Detroit Tigers	2.12
1945	Hal Newhouser	Detroit Tigers	1.81
1946	Hal Newhouser	Detroit Tigers	1.94
1947	Joe Haynes	Chicago White Sox	2.42
1948	Gene Bearden	Cleveland Indians	2.43
1949	Mike Garcia	Cleveland Indians	2.36
1950	Early Wynn	Cleveland Indians	3.20
1951	Saul Rogovin	Chicago White Sox Detroit Tigers	2.78
1952	Allie Reynolds	New York Yankees	2.06
1953	Ed Lopat	New York Yankees	2.42
1954	Mike Garcia	Cleveland Indians	2.64
1955	Billy Pierce	Chicago White Sox	1.97
1956	Whitey Ford	New York Yankees	2.47
1957	Bobby Shantz	New York Yankees	2.45
1958	Whitey Ford	New York Yankees	2.01
1959	Hoyt Wilhelm	Baltimore Orioles	2.19
1960	Frank Baumann	Chicago White Sox	2.67
1961	Dick Donovan	Washington Senators	2.40
1962	Hank Aguirre	Detroit Tigers	2.21
1963	Gary Peters	Chicago White Sox	2.33
1964	Dean Chance	Los Angeles Angels	1.65
1965	Sam McDowell	Cleveland Indians	2.18
1966	Gary Peters	Chicago White Sox	1.98
1967	Joe Horlen	Chicago White Sox	2.06
1968	Luis Tiant	Cleveland Indians	1.60
1969	Dick Bosman	Washington Senators	2.19
1970	Diego Seguí	Oakland Athletics	2.56
1971	Vida Blue	Oakland Athletics	1.82
1972	Luis Tiant	Boston Red Sox	1.91
1973	Jim Palmer	Baltimore Orioles	2.40
1974	Catfish Hunter	Oakland Athletics	2.49
1975	Jim Palmer	Baltimore Orioles	2.09
1976	Mark Fidrych	Detroit Tigers	2.34
1977	Frank Tanana	California Angels	2.54
1978	Ron Guidry	New York Yankees	1.74
1979	Ron Guidry	New York Yankees	2.78
1980	Rudy May	New York Yankees	2.46
1981	Sammy Stewart	Baltimore Orioles	2.32
1982	Rick Sutcliffe	Cleveland Indians	2.96
1983	Rick Honeycutt	Texas Rangers	2.42
1984	Mike Boddicker	Baltimore Orioles	2.79
1985	Dave Stieb	Toronto Blue Jays	2.48
1986	Roger Clemens	Boston Red Sox	2.48
1987	Jimmy Key	Toronto Blue Jays	2.76
1988	Allan Anderson	Minnesota Twins	2.45
1989	Bret Saberhagen	Kansas City Royals	2.16
1990	Roger Clemens	Boston Red Sox	1.93
1991	Roger Clemens	Boston Red Sox	2.62
1992	Roger Clemens	Boston Red Sox	2.41
1993	Kevin Appier	Kansas City Royals	2.56
1994	Steve Ontiveros	Oakland Athletics	2.65
1995	Randy Johnson	Seattle Mariners	2.48
1996	Juan Guzmán	Toronto Blue Jays	2.93
1997	Roger Clemens	Toronto Blue Jays	2.05
1998	Roger Clemens	Toronto Blue Jays	2.65
1999	Pedro Martínez	Boston Red Sox	2.07
2000	Pedro Martínez	Boston Red Sox	1.74
2001	Freddy García	Seattle Mariners	3.05
2002	Pedro Martínez	Boston Red Sox	2.26
2003	Pedro Martínez	Boston Red Sox	2.22
2004	Johan Santana	Minnesota Twins	2.61
2005	Kevin Millwood	Cleveland Indians	2.86
2006	Johan Santana	Minnesota Twins	2.77
2007	John Lackey	Los Angeles Angels	3.01
2008	Cliff Lee	Cleveland Indians	2.54
2009	Zack Greinke	Kansas City Royals	2.16
2010	Félix Hernández	Seattle Mariners	2.27
2011	Justin Verlander	Detroit Tigers	2.40
2012	David Price	Tampa Bay Rays	2.56
2013	Aníbal Sánchez	Detroit Tigers	2.57
2014	Félix Hernández	Seattle Mariners	2.14
2015	David Price	Detroit Tigers/Toronto Blue Jays	2.45
2016	Aaron Sanchez	Toronto Blue Jays	3.00
2017	Corey Kluber	Cleveland Indians	2.25
2018	Blake Snell	Tampa Bay Rays	1.89
2019	Gerrit Cole	Houston Astros	2.50
2020	Shane Bieber	Cleveland Indians	1.63

Liga Nacional

Año	Jugador	Equipo (s)	ERA
1876	George Bradley	St. Louis Brown Stockings	1.23
1877	James Bond	Boston Red Caps	2.11
1878	John Montgomery Ward	Providence Grays	1.51
1879	James Bond	Boston Red Caps	1.96
1880	Tim Keefe	Troy Trojans	0.86
1881	Stomp Wiedman	Detroit Wolverines	1.80
1882	Larry Corcoran	Chicago White Stockings	1.95
1883	Jim "Mayo" McCormick	Cleveland Blues	1.84
1884	Charley Radbourn	Providence Grays	1.38
1885	Tim Keefe	New York Giants	1.58
1886	Henry Boyle	St. Louis Maroons	1.76
1887	Dan Casey	Philadelphia Quakers	2.86
1888	Tim Keefe	New York Giants	1.74
1889	John Clarkson	Boston Beaneaters	2.73
1890	Billy Rhines	Cincinnati Reds	1.95
1891	John Ewing	New York Giants	2.27
1892	Cy Young	Cleveland Spiders	1.93
1893	Ted Breitenstein	St. Louis Browns	3.18
1894	Amos Rusie	New York Giants	2.78
1895	Al Maul	Washington Senators	2.45
1896	Billy Rhines	Cincinnati Reds	2.45
1897	Amos Rusie	New York Giants	2.54
1898	Clark Griffith	Chicago Orphans	1.88
1899	Vic Willis	Boston Beaneaters	2.50
1900	Rube Waddell	Pittsburgh Pirates	2.37
1901	Jesse Tannehill	Pittsburgh Pirates	2.18
1902	Jack Taylor	Chicago Orphans	1.33
1903	Sam Leever	Pittsburgh Pirates	2.06
1904	Joe McGinnity	New York Giants	1.61
1905	Christy Mathewson	New York Giants	1.28
1906	Mordecai Brown	Chicago Cubs	1.04
1907	Jack Pfiester	Chicago Cubs	1.15
1908	Christy Mathewson	New York Giants	1.43
1909	Christy Mathewson	New York Giants	1.14
1910	King Cole	Chicago Cubs	1.80
1911	Christy Mathewson	New York Giants	1.99
1912	Jeff Tesreau	New York Giants	1.96
1913	Christy Mathewson	New York Giants	2.06
1914	Bill Doak	St. Louis Cardinals	1.72
1915	Pete Alexander	Philadelphia Phillies	1.22
1916	Pete Alexander	Philadelphia Phillies	1.55
1917	Fred Anderson	New York Giants	1.44
1918	Hippo Vaughn	Chicago Cubs	1.74
1919	Pete Alexander	Chicago Cubs	1.72
1920	Pete Alexander	Chicago Cubs	1.91
1921	Bill Doak	St. Louis Cardinals	2.59
1922	Phil Douglas	New York Giants	2.63
1923	Dolf Luque	Cincinnati Reds	1.93
1924	Dazzy Vance	Brooklyn Robins	2.16
1925	Dolf Luque	Cincinnati Reds	2.63
1926	Ray Kremer	Pittsburgh Pirates	2.61
1927	Ray Kremer	Pittsburgh Pirates	2.47
1928	Dazzy Vance	Brooklyn Robins	2.09
1929	Bill Walker	New York Giants	3.09
1930	Dazzy Vance	Brooklyn Robins	2.61
1931	Bill Walker	New York Giants	2.26
1932	Lon Warneke	Chicago Cubs	2.37
1933	Carl Hubbell	New York Giants	1.66
1934	Carl Hubbell	New York Giants	2.30
1935	Cy Blanton	Pittsburgh Pirates	2.58
1936	Carl Hubbell	New York Giants	2.31
1937	Jim Turner	Boston Bees	2.38
1938	Bill Lee	Chicago Cubs	2.66
1939	Bucky Walters	Cincinnati Reds	2.29
1940	Bucky Walters	Cincinnati Reds	2.48
1941	Elmer Riddle	Cincinnati Reds	2.24
1942	Mort Cooper	St. Louis Cardinals	1.78
1943	Max Lanier	St. Louis Cardinals	1.90
1944	Ed Heusser	Cincinnati Reds	2.38
1945	Ray Prim	Chicago Cubs	2.40
1946	Howie Pollet	St. Louis Cardinals	2.10
1947	Warren Spahn	Boston Braves	2.33
1948	Harry Brecheen	St. Louis Cardinals	2.24
1949	Dave Koslo	New York Giants	2.50
1950	Sal Maglie	New York Giants	2.71
1951	Chet Nichols	Boston Braves	2.88
1952	Hoyt Wilhelm	New York Giants	2.43
1953	Warren Spahn	Milwaukee Braves	2.10
1954	Johnny Antonelli	New York Giants	2.30
1955	Bob Friend	Pittsburgh Pirates	2.83
1956	Lew Burdette	Milwaukee Braves	2.70
1957	Johnny Podres	Brooklyn Dodgers	2.66
1958	Stu Miller	San Francisco Giants	2.47
1959	Sam Jones	San Francisco Giants	2.83
1960	Mike McCormick	San Francisco Giants	2.70
1961	Warren Spahn	Milwaukee Braves	3.02
1962	Sandy Koufax	Los Angeles Dodgers	2.54
1963	Sandy Koufax	Los Angeles Dodgers	1.88
1964	Sandy Koufax	Los Angeles Dodgers	1.74
1965	Sandy Koufax	Los Angeles Dodgers	2.04
1966	Sandy Koufax	Los Angeles Dodgers	1.73
1967	Phil Niekro	Atlanta Braves	1.87
1968	Bob Gibson	St. Louis Cardinals	1.12
1969	Juan Marichal	San Francisco Giants	2.10
1970	Tom Seaver	New York Mets	2.82
1971	Tom Seaver	New York Mets	1.76
1972	Steve Carlton	Philadelphia Phillies	1.97
1973	Tom Seaver	New York Mets	2.08
1974	Buzz Capra	Atlanta Braves	2.28
1975	Randy Jones	San Diego Padres	2.24
1976	John Denny	St. Louis Cardinals	2.52
1977	John Candelaria	Pittsburgh Pirates	2.34
1978	Craig Swan	New York Mets	2.43
1979	J. R. Richard	Houston Astros	2.71
1980	Don Sutton	Los Angeles Dodgers	2.20
1981	Nolan Ryan	Houston Astros	1.69
1982	Steve Rogers	Montreal Expos	2.40
1983	Atlee Hammaker	San Francisco Giants	2.25
1984	Alejandro Pena	Los Angeles Dodgers	2.48
1985	Dwight Gooden	New York Mets	1.53
1986	Mike Scott	Houston Astros	2.22
1987	Nolan Ryan	Houston Astros	2.76
1988	Joe Magrane	St. Louis Cardinals	2.18
1989	Scott Garrelts	San Francisco Giants	2.28
1990	Danny Darwin	Houston Astros	2.21
1991	Dennis Martínez	Montreal Expos	2.39
1992	Bill Swift	San Francisco Giants	2.08
1993	Greg Maddux	Atlanta Braves	2.36
1994	Greg Maddux	Atlanta Braves	1.56
1995	Greg Maddux	Atlanta Braves	1.63
1996	Kevin Brown	Florida Marlins	1.89
1997	Pedro Martínez	Montreal Expos	1.90
1998	Greg Maddux	Atlanta Braves	2.22
1999	Randy Johnson	Arizona Diamondbacks	2.48
2000	Kevin Brown	Los Angeles Dodgers	2.58
2001	Randy Johnson	Arizona Diamondbacks	2.49
2002	Randy Johnson	Arizona Diamondbacks	2.32
2003	Jason Schmidt	San Francisco Giants	2.34
2004	Jake Peavy	San Diego Padres	2.27
2005	Roger Clemens	Houston Astros	1.87
2006	Roy Oswalt	Houston Astros	2.98
2007	Jake Peavy	San Diego Padres	2.54
2008	Johan Santana	New York Mets	2.53
2009	Chris Carpenter	St. Louis Cardinals	2.24
2010	Josh Johnson	Florida Marlins	2.30
2011	Clayton Kershaw	Los Angeles Dodgers	2.28
2012	Clayton Kershaw	Los Angeles Dodgers	2.53
2013	Clayton Kershaw	Los Angeles Dodgers	1.83
2014	Clayton Kershaw	Los Angeles Dodgers	1.77
2015	Zack Greinke	Los Angeles Dodgers	1.66
2016	Kyle Hendricks	Chicago Cubs	2.13
2017	Clayton Kershaw	Los Angeles Dodgers	2.31
2018	Jacob deGrom	New York Mets	1.70
2019	Hyun-Jin Ryu	Los Angeles Dodgers	2.32
2020	Trevor Bauer	Cincinnati Reds	1.73

American Association

Año	Jugador	Equipo (s)	ERA
1882	Denny Driscoll	Pittsburgh Alleghenys	1.21
1883	Will White	Cincinnati Red Stockings	2.09
1884	Guy Hecker	Louisville Eclipse	1.80
1885	Bob Caruthers	St. Louis Browns	2.07
1886	Dave Foutz	St. Louis Browns	2.11
1887	Elmer Smith	Cincinnati Red Stockings	2.94
1888	Silver King	St. Louis Browns	1.64
1889	Jack Stivetts	St. Louis Browns	2.25
1890	Scott Stratton	Louisville Colonels	2.36
1891	Ed Crane	Cincinnati Kelly's Killers	2.45

Liga Federal

Año	Jugador	Equipo (s)	ERA
1914	Claude Hendrix	Chicago Chi-Feds	1.69
1915	Earl Moseley	Newark Pepper	1.91

Liga de los Jugadores

Año	Jugador	Equipo (s)	ERA
1890	Silver King	Chicago Pirates	2.69

Union Association

Año	Jugador	Equipo (s)	ERA
1890	Jim McCormick	Cincinnati Outlaw Reds	1.54

National Association

Año	Jugador	Equipo (s)	ERA
1871	George Zettlein	Chicago White Stockings	2.73
1872	Al Spalding	Boston Red Stockings	1.98
1873	Cherokee Fisher	Athletic of Philadelphia	1.81
1874	Bobby Mathews	New York Mutuals	2.30
1875	Al Spalding	Boston Red Stockings	1.52

Referencias

• Baseball-Reference.com