J. J. Thomson

J. J. Thomson
President of the Royal Society (en)
42. President of the Royal Geographical Society (en)
Beatha
Ainm slàn	Joseph John Thomson.
Breith	Cheetham Hill (en) agus Manchester (mul) , 18 dhen Dùbhlachd 1856
Dùthaich	Rìoghachd Aonaichte
Bàs	Cambridge, 30 dhen Lùnastal 1940
Àite-adhlacaidh	Abaid Westminster
Teaghlach
Athair	Joseph James Thomson
Màthair	Emma Swindells
Cèile	Rose Thomson (en)
Clann	liosta George Paget Thomson; Joan Paget Thomson (en) ;
Bràithrean ⁊ peathraichean	liosta Frederick Vernon Thomson (en) ;
Foghlam
Foghlam	Oilthigh Mhanchester ; Victoria University of Manchester (en) ; Colaiste na Trianaide ; Oilthigh Chambridge
Stiùiriche an teusais	Lord Rayleigh
Oileanaich dotaireachd	Ernest Rutherford; Theodore Lyman (mul) ; John Sealy Townsend (mul) ; Władysław Natanson (en) ; Paul Langevin; Owen Willans Richardson (en) ; Niels Bohr; Francis William Aston; Edward Victor Appleton (en) ; William Lawrence Bragg (mul) ; Geoffrey Ingram Taylor (mul) ; Arthur Llewelyn Hughes (en) ; Harold A. Wilson (en) ; Robert William Ditchburn (en) ; Hugh Longbourne Callendar (en) ; Ernest B. Ludlam (en)
Cànain	Beurla
Luchd-teagaisg	Lord Rayleigh
Oileanaich	Robert Oppenheimer (mul) ; Charles Glover Barkla (mul) ; Charles Thomson Rees Wilson; Francis William Aston; William Henry Bragg (mul) ; Max Born; John Sealy Townsend (mul) ; Balthasar van der Pol (en) ; John Zeleny (en) ; Daniel Frost Comstock (en) ; T. H. Laby (en) ; H. Stanley Allen (en)
Dreuchd
Dreuchd	fiosaigiche, matamataigear agus neach-teagaisg oilthigh
Fastaichean	Oilthigh Chambridge
Obraichean comharraichte	plum pudding model (en)
Duaisean a fhuaras	liosta Duais Nobel ann an Fiosag (1906) ; Bonn Copley (1914) ; Am Bonn Rìoghail (1894) ; Bonn Hughes (1902) ; Faraday Medal (1925) ; Hodgkins Medal (1902) ; Albert Medal (1915) ; Franklin Medal (1922) ; Ball den Chomann Rìoghail (6 dhen Dùbhlachd 1884) ; Elliott Cresson Medal (1910) ; Adams Prize (1882) ; Royal Society Bakerian Medal (1913, 1892, 1887) ; Guthrie Lecture (1928) ; Knight Bachelor ; Dalton Medal (1931) ; Silliman Memorial Lectures (1903) ; Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize ; John Scott Award (1923) ; doctor honoris causa from the University of Paris (1923) ;
Ainmeachadh airson duaisean	liosta Duais Nobel ann an Fiosag ; (1902) ; Duais Nobel ann an Fiosag ; (1904) ; Duais Nobel ann an Fiosag ; (1905) ; Duais Nobel ann an Fiosag ; (1906) ; Duais Nobel ann an Fiosag ; (1912);
Ballrachd	An Comann Rìoghail; International Scientific Esperanto Association (en) ; Acadamh Ruiseanach nan Saidheansan; Acadamh Saidheansan an USSR; Acadamh Rìoghail Shuaineach nan Saidheansan; Acadamh Aimeireaga nan Ealan is nan Saidheans; Acadamh Ruiseanach nan Saidheansan; Acadamh Phruiseach nan Saidheansan; Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL (en) ; Acadamh Bhavarianach nan Saidheansan is Daonnachdan; Acadamh Rìoghail nan Tìrean Ìsle airson nan Ealan is Saidheansan; Acadamh Nàiseanta nan Saidheans; Accademia delle Scienze di Torino
Creideamh
Creideamh	Anglachas

B' e fiosagaiche à Sasainn a bha anns an Ridire Joseph John Thomson.

Rugadh e ann am Manchester ann an 1856 agus bha e na oileanach aig Owens College, a chaidh na Oilthigh Mhanchester, agus Oilthigh Chambridge far an do chaidh e na òraidiche ann an 1883 agus na Ollamh Cavendish eadar 1884 agus 1918.^[1] Tha e ainmeil airson an Duais Nobel aige airson na h-obrach aige air sgaoileadh dealain ann an gasan. Dhearbhaich e gun robh dealan ga ghiùlan le mìrean meanbha, eileagtronan.^[2]

Bha a mhac, George Paget Thomson, cuideachd na eòlaiche-fiosaig agus bhuannaich e cuideachd an Duais Nobel ann am Fiosaigs ann an 1937.

Iomraidhean

↑ (1967): “J.J. Thomson - Biographical Information”, Nobel Lectures, Physics 1901-1921. Elsevier. Air a thogail 14mh dhen Dùbhlachd 2016.
↑ “J.J. Thomson - Facts”. Nobel Media AB. Air a thogail 14mh dhen Dùbhlachd 2016.

Duais Nobel ann am Fiosaigs

1901: Röntgen 1902: Lorentz, Zeeman 1903: Becquerel, M. Curie, P. Curie 1904: Rayleigh 1905: Lenard 1906: Thomson 1907: Michelson 1908: Lippmann 1909: Braun, Marconi 1910: van der Waals 1911: Wien 1912: Dalén 1913: Kamerlingh Onnes 1914: von Laue 1915: W. H. Bragg, W. L. Bragg 1917: Barkla 1918: Planck 1919: Stark 1920: Guillaume 1921: Einstein 1922: Bohr 1923: Milliken 1924: M. Siegbahn 1925: Franck, Hertz 1926: Perrin 1927: Compton, Wilson 1928: Richardson 1929: de Broglie 1930: Raman 1932: Heisenberg 1933: Dirac, Schrödinger 1935: Chadwick 1936: Hess, Anderson 1937: Davisson, Thomson 1938: Fermi 1939: Lawrence 1943: Stern 1944: Rabi 1945: Pauli 1946: Bridgman 1947: Appleton 1948: Blackett 1949: Yukawa 1950: Powell 1951: Cockcroft, Walton 1952: Bloch, Purcell 1953: Zernike 1954: Born, Bothe 1955: Lamb, Kusch 1956: Shockley, Bardeen, Brattain 1957: Yang, Lee 1958: Cherenkov, Frank, Tamm 1959: Segrè, Chamberlain 1960: Glaser 1961: Hofstadter, Mössbauer 1962: Landau 1963: Goeppert-Mayer, Jensen, Wigner 1964: Townes, Basov, Prokhorov 1965: Tomonaga, Schwinger, Feynman 1966: Kastler 1967: Bethe 1968: Alvarez 1969: Gell-Mann 1970: Alfvén, Néel 1971: Gabor 1972: Bardeen, Cooper, Schrieffer 1973: Esaki, Giaever, Josephson 1974: Ryle, Hewish 1975: Bohr, Mottelson, Rainwater 1976: Richter, Ting 1977: Anderson, Mott, van Vleck 1978: Kapitsa, Penzias, Wilson 1979: Glashow, Salam, Weinberg 1980: Cronin, Fitch 1981: Bloembergen, Schawlow, K. Siegbahn 1982: Wilson 1983: Chandrasekhar, Fowler 1984: Rubbia, van der Meer 1985: von Klitzing 1986: Ruska, Binnig, Rohrer 1987: Bednorz, Müller 1988: Lederman, Schwartz, Steinberger 1989: Ramsey, Dehmelt, Paul 1990: Friedman, Kendall, Taylor 1991: de Gennes 1992: Charpak 1993: Hulse, Taylor 1994: Brockhouse, Shull 1995: Perl, Reines 1996: Lee, Osheroff, Richardson 1997: Chu, Cohen-Tannoudji, Phillips 1998: Laughlin, Störmer, Tsui 1999: 't Hooft, Veltman 2000: Alferov, Kroemer, Kilby 2001: Cornell, Ketterle, Wieman 2002: Davis, Koshiba, Giacconi 2003: Abrikosov, Ginzburg, Leggett 2004: Gross, Politzer, Wilczek 2005: Glauber, Hall, Hänsch 2006: Mather, Smoot 2007: Fert, Grünberg 2008: Nambu, Kobayashi, Maskawa 2009: Kao, Boyle, Smith 2010: Novoselov, Geim 2011: Perlmutter, Riess, Schmidt 2012; Wineland, Haroche 2013: Englert, Higgs 2014: Akasaki, Amano, Nakamura 2015: Kajita, McDonald 2016: Thouless, Haldane, Kosterlitz 2017: Weiss, Barish, Thorne 2018: Ashkin, Mourou, Strickland 2019: Peebles, Mayor, Queloz 2020: Penrose, Genzel, Ghez 2021: Manabe, Hasselmann, Parisi 2022: Aspect, Clauser, Zeilinger 2023: Agostini, Krausz, L'Huillier

[1] (1967): “J.J. Thomson - Biographical Information”, Nobel Lectures, Physics 1901-1921. Elsevier. Air a thogail 14mh dhen Dùbhlachd 2016.

[2] “J.J. Thomson - Facts”. Nobel Media AB. Air a thogail 14mh dhen Dùbhlachd 2016.

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