Ruwan sama a Karnataka

Jihar Karnataka a Indiya tana fuskantar yawan ruwan sama a yankuna daban-daban. Yayin da Malnad da Coastal Karnataka ke samun yawan ruwan sama; yankinta na arewacin Bayaluseemae a cikin Deccan Plateau yana daya daga cikin yankunan da ba su da bushewa a kasar. Galibin ruwan sama da ake samu a jihar na damina ne. tattalin arzikin noma da kaso mai yawa na ‘yan kasar da ke sana’ar noma, rashin samun ruwan sama na iya yin illa ga tattalin arzikin jihar. Baya ga fa'idar aikin gona, gwamnatin Karnataka ta yi kokarin cin moriyar sauran amfanin ruwan sama ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin kimiyya. Misalin wannan shi ne aikin, aikin noman ruwan sama a Karnataka na Karnataka wanda majalisar kimiya da fasaha ta jihar Karnataka ta kaddamar kuma yana daya daga cikin manyan ayyukan noman ruwan sama a duniya. Agumbe a gundumar Shimoga, Amagaon a gundumar Belgaum, Hulikal kuma a gundumar Shimoga da Talakaveri a Madikeri wasu wuraren da aka fi sani da ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kudancin Indiya. Daga cikin wannan Amagaon ya sami sama da 10000 mm ruwan sama na sauka sau biyu a cikin shekaru 10.

Ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya ya nuna cikakken karfin Jog Falls a gundumar Shimoga

Agumbe da Hulikal a gundumar Shivamogga na yammacin Ghat ana ɗaukarsu a matsayin "Cheerapunji na Kudancin Indiya" amma har yanzu wasu wurare a yankin Western Ghats sun haifar da ruwan sama fiye da waɗannan ƙauyuka biyu. Amagaon a gundumar Belgaum ya rubuta adadin sihiri na 10,068mm a cikin shekara ta 2010, Mundrote a gundumar Kodagu ya rubuta 9974mm a cikin shekara ta 2011.

Teburin da ke ƙasa ya kwatanta ruwan sama tsakanin Agumbe a cikin Thirthahalli taluk a gundumar Shimoga, Hulikal a cikin Hosanagara taluk a gundumar Shimoga, Amagaon a cikin Khanapur Taluk a gundumar Belgaum da Talacauvery da Mundrote a Madikeri taluk a gundumar Kodagu, Kokalli na Sirsi Taluk, Nilkund na Siddapur Taluk. CastleRock na Supa (Joida) Taluk a gundumar Uttara Kannada, Kollur a gundumar Udupi don nuna wanda za a iya kiransa " Cherapunji na Kudancin Indiya".

Shekara	Ruwan sama na Hulikal (mm)	Ruwan sama na Agumbe (mm)	Ruwan sama na Amagaon (mm)	Ruwan sama na Talacauvery (mm)	Ruwan sama na Kokalli (mm)	Ruwan sama na Nilkund (mm)	Ruwan sama na Castle Rock (mm)	Ruwan sama na Mundrote (mm)	Ruwan sama na Kollur (mm)
2017	5,700	6,311	4,733	5,859	3130	4981	5560	1002	5203
2016	5,721	6,449	4,705	5,430	2682	4655	4968	1458	3496
2015	6,035	5,518	4,013	5,319	2730	4367	3667	3143	4254
2014	7,907	7,917	5,580	7,844	8746	6710	5956	5566	3308
2013	9,383	8,770	8,440	8,628	4464	7082	3667	7199	6614
2012	8,409	6,933	5,987	5,722	5036	5398	6165	3727	6715
2011	8,523	7,921	9,368	6,855	4437	6593	7083	9974	7083
2010	7,717	6,929	10,068	6,794	4002	-	-	5042	7685
2009	8,357	7,982	-	-	-	-	-
2008	7,115	7,199	-	-	-	-	-
2007	9,038	8,255	-	-	-	-	-
2006	8,656	8,457	-	-	-	-	-

Wadannan su ne manyan wurare 5 da suka yi rikodin ruwan sama mafi girma a cikin kididdiga [2010-2017]

Daraja	Hobli/Kauye	Gundumar	Taluk	Shekara	Ruwan sama a mm	Girma a cikin mita
1	Amagaon	Belgaum gundumar	Khanapur	2010	10,068	785
2	Mundrote	gundumar Kodagu / gundumar Coorg	Madikeri	2011	9,974	585
3	Hulikal	gundumar Shimoga	Hosangara	2013	9,383	614
4	Agumbe	gundumar Shimoga	Thithhahalli	2013	8,770	643
5	Kokalli/Kakalli	Uttara Kannada	Sirsi	2014	8,746	780

Wuraren da ke gaba sun yi rikodin ruwan sama mafi girma dangane da kowace shekara [2010-2017]

Shekara	Wuri	Taluk	Gundumar	Ruwan sama a mm	Girma
2017	Agumbe	Thithhahalli	gundumar Shimoga	6,311	634
2016	Agumbe	Thithhahalli	gundumar Shimoga	6,449	634
2015	Hulikal	Hosangara	gundumar Shimoga	6,035	614
2014	Kokalli	Sirsi	Uttara Kannada	8,746	780
2013	Hulikal	Hosangara	gundumar Shimoga	9,383	614
2012	Hulikal	Hosangara	gundumar Shimoga	8,409	614
2011	Mundrote	Madikeri	gundumar Kodagu	9,974	585
2010	Amagaon	Khanapur	Belgaum gundumar	10,068	785

Muhimmanci

Tattalin arzikin Karnataka yafi noma ne kuma yawancinsa ya dogara da ruwan sama; musamman damina ta kudu maso yamma . Girman ƙasa mai bushewa a cikin jihar shine na biyu kawai ga Rajasthan. 26.5% kawai na yankin da aka shuka (30,900 km²) ana yin ban ruwa don haka sauran filayen noman sun dogara ne akan ruwan sama. Har ila yau ruwan sama ya yi tasiri wajen yawan ruwan da ake samu a koguna wanda hakan ke yin tasiri ga yawan ruwan sha ga al’umma da kuma yawan wutar lantarki da za a iya samu a tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki a jihar. Muhimmancin ruwan sama shine ta yadda Karnataka wani lokaci yakan yi amfani da hanyoyin wucin gadi masu tsada kamar shukar gajimare don haifar da ruwan sama ta hanyar wucin gadi. Har ila yau ruwan sama na da matukar muhimmanci wajen kara yawan ruwan da ke cikin kasa kuma Karnataka ta bullo da sabbin hanyoyi kamar yadda ake noman ruwan sama domin magance matsalar karancin ruwan sha a jihar.

Ruwansama

Karnataka majagaba ce a ra'ayin girbi ruwan sama tare da Majalisar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Karnataka (KSCST) tana aiwatar da ɗayan manyan ayyukan girbin ruwan sama a duniya. Makarantu 23683 a Karnataka na Karnataka an zabo domin gudanar da wannan aiki da babban burin samar da ruwan sha ta hanyar amfani da hanyar girbin rufin asiri. A cikin wannan aikin, ruwan sama da aka tattara a saman rufin yana gudana ta hanyar tsarin bututun PVC kuma an adana shi a cikin tankin da aka rufe. Bututun ya ƙunshi tacewa na farko wanda ke fitar da ruwan sama na farko tare da wasu gurɓatattun abubuwan da ka iya wanzuwa a kan rufin sannan kuma a bar ruwan sama mai tsabta mai tsabta ya wuce zuwa tanki. Ana amfani da tace gadon yashi don ƙara kawar da datti a cikin ruwa kafin a tattara shi a cikin tanki. Ana ɗaukar ƙarin matakan kariya don hana ƙura da kwari shiga cikin tanki.

Sakamako

Rashin ruwan sama

Shekarar ƙarancin ruwan sama yana haifar da sakamako masu zuwa:

• Aikin noma zai yi tasiri: Duk da yake wannan yana da tasiri kai tsaye ga tattalin arzikin jihar, yana kuma haifar da wasu batutuwan zamantakewa kamar kashe kashe manoma. Sakamakon gazawar noman noman, manoma ba za su iya biyan bashin da suka karba na noma ba kuma kadan ne daga cikinsu ke daukar wani mataki na kashe kansu.
• Karancin ruwan sha: Yawancin garuruwa da biranen Karnataka sun dogara da koguna don samar da ruwan sha kuma duk wani karancin ruwan sama yana haifar da karancin ruwan sha ga gidajen.
• Karancin wutar lantarki: Rashin ruwan sama yana haifar da raguwar adadin wutar lantarki da ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki ke samarwa don haka dole ne a dauki tsauraran matakai kamar yanke wutar lantarki na tilas don magance wannan karancin.

Yawan ruwan sama

Ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya na iya haifar da hasarar rayuka da dukiyoyi tare da lalata amfanin gonakin. Ruwan sama mai yawa ya kuma haifar da tasiri a manyan biranen da magudanan tituna ke haifar da cunkoson ababen hawa. Misalin hakan shi ne a shekara ta 2005 lokacin da tafkin Madivala ya mamaye titin Hosur na Bangalore wanda ya tilasta wa makarantu da ofisoshi da yawa rufe.

Rarraba ruwan sama

Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Karnataka shine 1248 mm. An raba jihar zuwa yankuna uku na yanayin yanayi wato. Cikin Arewa Karnataka, Kudancin Cikin Karnataka da Karnataka Coastal. Karnataka Coastal tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na 3456 mm yana daya daga cikin yankunan da ake yawan ruwan sama a kasar. Kwatankwacin wannan, yankin Kudancin Cikin Karnataka da Arewacin cikin Karnataka sun karɓi 1126 da 731 kawai. mm na matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara.

Gundumomi

The average annual rainfall in the districts of Karnataka varies from 562 mm (22.1 in) in the Bagalkot district to 4,119 mm (162.2 in) in the Udupi District. Bagalkot, Chitradurga and Koppal are the districts which receive the least rainfall whereas Udupi, Dakshina Kannada, Uttara Kannada, Hassan, Kodagu, Chickmagalur and Shivamogga districts receive the heaviest rainfall.

Fayil:Kar rainfall.JPG

Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Karnataka 1991-2005