Rhodopsin

Rhodopsin adalah pigmen yang ada di sel fotoreseptor dari organ retina yang bertanggung jawab terhadap persepsi cahaya. Rhodopsin masuk dalam keluarga reseptor protein berpasangan G dan sangat sensitiv terhadap cahaya, yang mampu menangkap cahaya yang rendah.^[1] Saat terkena cahaya, pigmennya akan segera mengalami fotoblecing dan manusia memerlukan waktu sekitar 30 menit untuk melakukan hal ini.^[2]

Struktur

Rhodopsin terdiri dari gugus fungsional opsin dan sebuah ikatan kovalen alkanal vitamin A yang terbalik. Opsin, sebuah ikatan dari tujuh transmembran heliks terikat satu sama lain oleh lingkaran protein, mengikat fotoreaktif retina yang terletak di pusat pada residu linisa.

Referensi

^ Litmann BJ, Mitchell DC (1996). "Rhodopsin structure and function". Dalam Lee AG. Rhodopsin and G-Protein Linked Receptors, Part A (Vol 2, 1996) (2 Vol Set). Greenwich, Conn: JAI Press. hlm. 1–32. ISBN 1-55938-659-2.
^ Stuart JA, Brige RR (1996). "Characterization of the primary photochemical events in bacteriorhodopsin and rhodopsin". Dalam Lee AG. Rhodopsin and G-Protein Linked Receptors, Part A (Vol 2, 1996) (2 Vol Set). Greenwich, Conn: JAI Press. hlm. 33–140. ISBN 1-55938-659-2.

Baca juga

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(Inggris) Edwards SC (1995). "Involvement of cGMP and calcium in the photoresponse in vertebrate photoreceptor cells". The Journal of the Florida Medical Association. 82 (7): 485–8. PMID 7673885.
(Inggris) al-Maghtheh M, Gregory C, Inglehearn C; et al. (1993). "Rhodopsin mutations in autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa". Hum. Mutat. 2 (4): 249–55. doi:10.1002/humu.1380020403. PMID 8401533.
(Inggris) Garriga P, Manyosa J (2002). "The eye photoreceptor protein rhodopsin. Structural implications for retinal disease". FEBS Lett. 528 (1–3): 17–22. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03241-6. PMID 12297272.
(Inggris) Mendes HF, van der Spuy J, Chapple JP, Cheetham ME (2005). "Mechanisms of cell death in rhodopsin retinitis pigmentosa: implications for therapy". Trends in molecular medicine. 11 (4): 177–85. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2005.02.007. PMID 15823756.
(Inggris) Inglehearn CF, Keen TJ, Bashir R; et al. (1993). "A completed screen for mutations of the rhodopsin gene in a panel of patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa". Hum. Mol. Genet. 1 (1): 41–5. doi:10.1093/hmg/1.1.41. PMID 1301135.
(Inggris) Farrar GJ, Findlay JB, Kumar-Singh R; et al. (1993). "Autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa: a novel mutation in the rhodopsin gene in the original 3q linked family". Hum. Mol. Genet. 1 (9): 769–71. doi:10.1093/hmg/1.9.769. PMID 1302614.
(Inggris) Robinson PR, Cohen GB, Zhukovsky EA, Oprian DD (1992). "Constitutively active mutants of rhodopsin". Neuron. 9 (4): 719–25. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90034-B. PMID 1356370.
(Inggris) Fujiki K, Hotta Y, Hayakawa M; et al. (1992). "Point mutations of rhodopsin gene found in Japanese families with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP)". Jpn. J. Hum. Genet. 37 (2): 125–32. doi:10.1007/BF01899733. PMID 1391967.
(Inggris) Olsson JE, Gordon JW, Pawlyk BS; et al. (1992). "Transgenic mice with a rhodopsin mutation (Pro23His): a mouse model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa". Neuron. 9 (5): 815–30. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90236-7. PMID 1418997.
(Inggris) Andréasson S, Ehinger B, Abrahamson M, Fex G (1993). "A six-generation family with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa and a rhodopsin gene mutation (arginine-135-leucine)". Ophthalmic paediatrics and genetics. 13 (3): 145–53. doi:10.3109/13816819209046483. PMID 1484692.
(Inggris) Inglehearn CF, Lester DH, Bashir R; et al. (1992). "Recombination between rhodopsin and locus D3S47 (C17) in rhodopsin retinitis pigmentosa families". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 50 (3): 590–7. PMC 1684283  . PMID 1539595.
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(Inggris) Sheffield VC, Fishman GA, Beck JS; et al. (1991). "Identification of novel rhodopsin mutations associated with retinitis pigmentosa by GC-clamped denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 49 (4): 699–706. PMC 1683182  . PMID 1897520.

Pranala luar

(Inggris) Kolb H, Fernandez E, Nelson R, Jones BW (2010-03-01). "Webvision Home Page: The organization of the retina and visual system". University of Utah.
(Inggris) The Rhodopsin Protein
(Inggris) Photoisomerization of rhodopsin Diarsipkan 2006-10-05 di Wayback Machine., animation.
(Inggris) Rhodopsin and the eye, summary with pictures.

[Litmann_1996-1] Litmann BJ, Mitchell DC (1996). "Rhodopsin structure and function". Dalam Lee AG. Rhodopsin and G-Protein Linked Receptors, Part A (Vol 2, 1996) (2 Vol Set). Greenwich, Conn: JAI Press. hlm. 1–32. ISBN 1-55938-659-2.

[Stuart_1996-2] Stuart JA, Brige RR (1996). "Characterization of the primary photochemical events in bacteriorhodopsin and rhodopsin". Dalam Lee AG. Rhodopsin and G-Protein Linked Receptors, Part A (Vol 2, 1996) (2 Vol Set). Greenwich, Conn: JAI Press. hlm. 33–140. ISBN 1-55938-659-2.

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