Smenkhkare
Ankhkheperure Smenkhkare Djeser Kheperu (kadang dieja Smenkhare, Smenkare atau Smenkhkara) merupakan seorang Firaun berumur pendek di Dinasti kedelapan belas Mesir. Namanya diterjemahkan sebagai 'Hidup adalah Bentuk Re' dan 'Yang sangat kuat adalah Jiwa Re, Bentuk Kudus'.[1] Masa pemerintahannya selama periode Amarna, saat Akhenaten berusaha memaksakan pandangan religius baru. Ia harus dibedakan dari pendahulunya (penggantinya?), penguasa wanita Ankhkheperure Neferneferuaten (biasanya dikenali sebagai Nefertiti). Tidak seperti Neferneferuaten, Smenkhkare tidak menggunakan julukan dalam nama kerajaannya atau cartouche.[2]
| Ankhkheperure Smenkhkare Djeser Kheperu | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firaun | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Masa pemerintahan | 1335–1334 SM (Dinasti kedelapan belas Mesir) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Koregensi | Akhenaten | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pendahulu | Akhenaten | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pengganti | Neferneferuaten | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pasangan | Meritaten | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Meninggal | 1334 SM | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sangat sedikit yang diketahui tentang Smenkhkare karena raja-raja kemudian, berusaha untuk Horemheb menghapus seluruh periode Amarna dari sejarah.
Referensi
sunting- ^ a b c Clayton, P., Chronicle of the Pharaohs (Thames and Hudson, 2006) p.120
- ^ Aidan Dodson, "Amarna Sunset:the late-Amarna succession revisited" in Beyond the Horizon. Studies in Egyptian Art, Archaeology and History and history in Honour of Barry J. Kemp, ed. S. Ikram and A. Dodson, pp.31–32 Cairo, 2009.
Galeri
sunting-
Seorang pagan kerajaan yang ditemukan ditempatkan di kepala mumi KV55. -
Seorang figur wanita yang diduga Nefertiti, mengenakan Khepresh atau "Tiara Biru" seorang raja menuangkan persembahan untuk Akhenaten.
Bibliografi
sunting- Aldred, Cyril. Akhenaten, King of Egypt (Thames & Hudson, 1988)
- Aldred, Cyril. Akhenaten, Pharoah of Light (Thames & Hudson, 1968)
- Allen, James P. Two Altered Inscriptions of the Late Amarna Period, Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 25 (1988)
- Allen, James (2006). "The Amarna Succession" (PDF). Archived from the original on July 1, 2013. Diakses tanggal 2008-06-23.
- Allen, James P. Nefertiti and Smenkh-ka-re. Göttinger Miszellen 141; (1994)
- Dodson, Aidan. Amarna Sunset: Nefertiti, Tutankhamun, Ay, Horemheb, and the Egyptian Counter-Reformation. The American University in Cairo Press. 2009, ISBN 978-977-416-304-3
- Dodson, A., Hilton, D. The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt: A Genealogical Sourcebook of the Pharaohs (Thames & Hudson, 2004)
- Filer, J. "Anatomy of a Mummy." Archaeology, Mar/Apr2002, Vol. 55 Issue 2
- Giles, Frederick. J. Ikhnaton Legend and History (1970, Associated University Press, 1972 US)
- Giles, Frederick. J. The Amarna Age: Egypt (Australian Centre for Egyptology, 2001)
- Habicht, Michael E. Semenchkare – Phantom-König(in) von Achet-Aton (e-publication, Berlin 2014). ISBN 978-3844281699
- Habicht, Michael E. Smenkhkare: Phantom-Queen/King of Akhet-Aton and the quest for the hitherto unknown chambers in the tomb of Tutankhamun (KV 62) (e-publication, Berlin 2017). ISBN 978-3745041453[1] Diarsipkan 2017-11-12 di Wayback Machine.
- O'Connor, D and Cline, E, (eds); Amenhotep III: perspectives on his reign (1998) University of Michigan Press
- Dayr al-Barsha Project; Press Release, Dec 2012; Online English Press Release Diarsipkan 2012-12-19 di Wayback Machine.
- Gabolde, Marc. D’Akhenaton à Tout-ânkhamon (1998) Paris
- Hawass, Z., Y. Gad, et al. Ancestry and Pathology in King Tutankhamun’s Family (2010) in Journal of the American medical Association 303/7.
- Hornung, E. Akhenaten and the Religion of Light, Cornell University, 1999
- Hornung, E. "The New Kingdom"', in E. Hornung, R. Krauss, and D. A. Warburton, eds., Ancient Egyptian Chronology (HdO I/83), Leiden – Boston, 2006.
- Krauss, Rolf. Das Ende der Amarnazeit (The End of the Amarna Period); 1978, Hildesheim
- Petrie, W. M. Flinders; Tell el Amarna (1894)
- Pendlebury J., Samson, J. et al. City of Akhenaten, Part III (1951)
- Murnane, W. Ancient Egyptian Coregencies (1977)
- Murnane, W. Texts from the Amarna Period (1995)
- Miller, J. Amarna Age Chronology and the Identity of Nibhururiya in Altoriental. Forsch. 34 (2007)
- Reeves, C.N. Akhenaten, Egypt's false Prophet (Thames and Hudson; 2001)
- Reeves, C.N. The Valley of the Kings (Kegan Paul, 1990)
- Reeves, C.N. The Complete Tutankhamun: The King – The Tomb – The Royal Treasure. London: Thames and Hudson; 1990.
- Theis, Christoffer, "Der Brief der Königin Daḫamunzu an den hethitischen König Šuppiluliuma I im Lichte von Reisegeschwindigkeiten und Zeitabläufen", in Thomas R. Kämmerer (Hrsg.), Identities and Societies in the Ancient East-Mediterranean Regions. Comparative Approaches. Henning Graf Reventlow Memorial Volume (= AAMO 1, AOAT 390/1). Münster 2011, S. 301–331
- Wente, E. Who Was Who Among the Royal Mummies? (1995), Oriental Institute, Chicago