Nkwupụta (ụmụ nwanyị)

Na obstetrics, ngosi nke nwa e bu n'afọ na-achọ ịmụ na-akọwapụta akụkụ ahụ nke nwa e butere n'afọ nke na-eduga, ya bụ, nke kacha nso ndepụta nke obodo ndị na ụdị nke ụwa họrọ site n'ime ụmụ ndị ikom na ndị ọzọ na ụdị nke dị ka onye n'ọnụ mmiri nke ọwa ọmụmụ. Dabere na akụkụ na-eduga, a na-amata nke a dị ka ihe ngosi nke isi, breech, ma ọ bụ ubu. Nkọwa na-ezighi ezi bụ ihe ngosi ọ bụla ọzọ na-abụghị ihe ngosi vertex (nke elu nke isi mbụ).

Nchịkọta

Nkwupụta isi (isi mbụ):
- vertex (okporo ámá) - nke a na-ahụkarị na nke a na'ahụkarị na nsogbu ole na ole
- sinciput (ihu)
- ihu (ihu)
- ihu
- akpịrịkpa
Breech ngosi^[1] (mkpịsị ụkwụ ma ọ bụ ụkwụ mbụ):
- breech zuru ezu
- breech na-agba ụkwụ
- breech n'ezoghị ọnụ
ngosi ubu:
- aka
- ubu
- ogwe osisi
ihe ngosi - mgbe akụkụ ọ bụla ọzọ na-egosi ya na isi nwa ọhụrụ

Okwu ndị metụtara ịmụ nwa

Àgwà

Nkọwa: Mmekọrịta nke isi nwa e bu n'afọ na ọkpụkpụ azụ:
- gbagọrọ agbagọ, (nke a bụ ọnọdụ nkịtị)
- na-anọpụ iche ("ndị agha"),
- gbasaa.
- hyperextended

Mmekọrịta nke igosi akụkụ na pelvis nne dabere na ngosi. Nwa e bu n'afọ na-abanye n'ọkpụkpụ pelvis n'akụkụ occipito-transverse (n'aka ekpe ma ọ bụ n'aka nri), na-agbadata, na-agbanye ma na-atụgharị 90 degrees na occipitoanterior (nke a na-ahụkarị).
- Ihe ngosi nke Cephalic
  - Nkwupụta Vertex na ndagwurugwu:^[1]
    - Left occipitoanterior (LOA) - occiput dị nso na akụkụ ahụ nwanyị (ya mere a maara dị ka ngosipụta vertex), na-eche ihu n'ihu (n'ihu na nne guzo) na n'aka ekpe. Nke a bụ ọnọdụ na ụgha a na-ahụkarị.
    - Right occipitoanterior (ROA) - occiput na-eche ihu n'ihu na n'akụkụ aka nri. Ọ bụghị ihe a na-ahụkarị karịa LOA, mana ọ bụghị ihe jikọrọ ya na nsogbu ọrụ.
    - Occipitoposterior aka ekpe (LOP) - occiput na-eche ihu n'azụ (n'azụ) na n'akụkụ aka ekpe.
    - Right occipitoposterior (ROP) - occiput na-eche ihu n'azụ na n'akụkụ aka nri.
    - Occipitoanterior - occiput na-eche ihu n'ihu (n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ n'enweghị ntụgharị ọ bụla n'akụkụ ọ bụla)
    - Occipitoposterior - occiput na-eche ihu n'azụ (n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ n'enweghị ntụgharị ọ bụla n'akụkụ ọ bụla)
  - Ihe ngosi ihu
    - Mentum anterior - akpịrị nwa ọhụrụ dị na ntụziaka nke symphysis pubic nke nne.
    - Mentum posterior - ntutu nwa ọhụrụ dị n'akụkụ sacrum nne. Ihe ngosi a anaghị adaba na ọmụmụ nke akụkụ ahụ nwanyị. [gịnị mere?^]
- Nkwupụta ihu na ogologo:^[1]
  - Left sacrum anterior (LSA) - ọkpụkpụ azụ, dị ka ọ na-emegide occiput nke ngosi vertex, dị nso na akụkụ ahụ nwanyị (ya mere a maara dị ka ngosi breech), nke dị n'ihu na n'akụkụ aka ekpe.
  - Right sacrum anterior (RSA) - ọkpụkpụ azụ na-eche ihu n'ihu na n'akụkụ aka nri.
  - Left sacrum posterior (LSP) - ọkpụkpụ azụ na-eche ihu n'azụ na n'akụkụ aka ekpe.
  - Right sacrum posterior (RSP) - ọkpụkpụ azụ na-eche ihu n'azụ na n'akụkụ aka nri.
  - Sacrum anterior (SA) - ọkpụkpụ azụ na-eche ihu n'ihu.
  - Sacrum posterior (SP) - ọkpụkpụ azụ na-eche ihu n'azụ.
- A na-ekewa ihe ngosi ubu na-agbadata n'ụdị anọ, dabere na ọnọdụ nke akpịrịkpa (ubu). A ghaghị inye ihe ngosi a site na ngalaba ịwa ahụ.
  - Akpụkpọ ụkwụ aka ekpe-ihu (LSA)
  - Akpụkpọ ụkwụ aka nri (RSA)
  - Akpụkpọ ụkwụ aka ekpe-azụ (LSP)
  - Akpụkpọ ụkwụ aka nri (RSP)

Nkọwa: Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti axis ogologo nke nwa e bu n'afọ na nne:
- longitudinal (nke na-akpata ma ọ bụ isi ma ọ bụ breech ngosi)
- oblique (na-adịghị akwụsi ike, ga-emesị ghọọ ma ọ bụ transverse ma ọ bụ longitudinal)
- gafee (nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ubu)
  - laghachi azụ
  - azụ ala (ihe na-egosi na a ga-ebibi akpa nwa n'oge a ga-esi n'ọkpụkpụ)

Hụkwa

Ịmụ nwa
Eucharius Rösslin
Mmekọrịta nwa e bu n'afọ
Ọnọdụ

Ntụaka

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Kish (2003). "Malpresentation & Cord Prolapse (Chapter 21)", in Alan H. DeCherney: Current Obstetric & Gynecologic Diagnosis & Treatment, Lauren Nathan, Ninth, Lange/McGraw-Hill, 369. ISBN 0-07-118207-1. Kish, Karen; Joseph V. Collea (2003). "Malpresentation & Cord Prolapse (Chapter 21)". In Alan H. DeCherney (ed.). Current Obstetric & Gynecologic Diagnosis & Treatment. Lauren Nathan (Ninth ed.). Lange/McGraw-Hill. p. 369. ISBN 0-07-118207-1. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "kish" defined multiple times with different content

Njikọ mpụga

Malpresentations na malpositions: Ntuziaka maka ndị na-amụ nwa na ndị dọkịta site na WHO
Ọrụ nkịtị na nnyefe sitere na Nchịkwa nke Ọrụ na nnyefe nke Google nyere

[kish-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Kish (2003). "Malpresentation & Cord Prolapse (Chapter 21)", in Alan H. DeCherney: Current Obstetric & Gynecologic Diagnosis & Treatment, Lauren Nathan, Ninth, Lange/McGraw-Hill, 369. ISBN 0-07-118207-1. Kish, Karen; Joseph V. Collea (2003). "Malpresentation & Cord Prolapse (Chapter 21)". In Alan H. DeCherney (ed.). Current Obstetric & Gynecologic Diagnosis & Treatment. Lauren Nathan (Ninth ed.). Lange/McGraw-Hill. p. 369. ISBN 0-07-118207-1. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "kish" defined multiple times with different content

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