Wikipedia

L

  

L, ma ọ bụ l, bụ mkpụrụedemede iri na abụọ na mkpụrụedemede Latịn, ejiri na mkpụrụedemede Bekee ọgbara ọhụrụ, mkpụrụedemede nke asụsụ ndị ọzọ ọdịda anyanwụ Europe na ndị ọzọ n'ụwa niile. Aha ya na bekee bụ el (akpọrọ /ˈɛl/), plural els.[1]

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

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Ihe odide ndị Ijipt Phoenicianlamedh



 Etruscan L GreekLambda



 Latin L



S39
        

O nwere ike ịbụ na Lamedh si na foto e ji achị ehi ma ọ bụ ihe e ji achụ ehi bịa. Ụfọdụ atụwo aro ndị ọrụ ọzụzụ atụrụ..[2]

Ojiji na usoro ederede

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Ntinye ụdaolu na ụdaolu

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Na transcription phonetic na phonemic, International Phonetic Alphabet na-eji Ōnlʹ iji nọchite anya alveolar approximant.

Bekee

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N'asụsụ bekee, ⟨l⟩ na-anọchi anya fọnịm /l/, nke nwere ike inwe ụkpụrụ ụda dị iche iche, dabere n'olu ọkà okwu, yana ma ọ na-apụta tupu ma ọ bụ mgbe ụdaume gasịrị.  N'akụkụ akụkụ alveolar (ụda nke nọchiri anya IPA site na obere obere okwu [l]) na-apụta n'ihu ụdaume, dị ka egbugbere ọnụ ma ọ bụ ngwakọta, ebe velarized alveolar lateral approximant (IPA [ɫ]) na-apụta na mgbịrịgba na mmiri ara ehi.  Ikwupụta nke a anaghị eme n'ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị Europe na-eji ⟨l⟩;  ọ bụkwa ihe na-eme ka ịkpọ ⟨l⟩ sie ike nye ndị na-asụ asụsụ na-enweghị ⟨l⟩ ma ọ bụ nwee ụkpụrụ dị iche iche maka ya, dị ka Japanese ma ọ bụ ụfọdụ olumba ndịda nke Chinese.  Ọnọdụ ahụike ma ọ bụ mgbochi ikwu okwu na-amachibido ịkpọ ⟨l⟩ bụ nke a maara dị ka lambdacism.

N'asụsụ Bekee, a na-ekwukarị okwu ndị dị ka ije ma ọ bụ nwere ike (ọ bụ ezie na ọnụnọ ya nwere ike ịgbanwe uru mkpụrụedemede ụdaume bu ya ụzọ), ọ na-ekwukwa okwu ndị dị na nkwụ na abụ ọma; Otú ọ dị, enwere ụfọdụ ọdịiche mpaghara.

Asụsụ ndị ọzọ

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⟨l⟩ usually represents the sound [l] or some other lateral consonant.

Digraphs ndị a na-ahụkarị na-agụnye, nke nwere uru yiri nke Bekee, mana o nwere uru dị iche iche na-enweghị olu alveolar lateral fricative (IPA [ɬ]) na Welsh, ebe ọ nwere ike ịpụta na ọnọdụ mbụ. N'asụsụ Spanish, a na-anọchite anya [ʎ], [j], [ɟ], ma ọ bụ [ʃ], dabere na olumba.

A na-ahụkarị akụkụ ọnụ (IPA) n'ọtụtụ asụsụ, a na-anọchite anya ya na Italian, Spanish na Catalan, na Portuguese, na Latvian.

N'asụsụ Washo, mkpụrụ akwụkwọ ndị dị ala na-anọchite anya ụda [l], ebe mkpụrụ akwụkwọ ndị kasị elu na-anọchi anya ụda na-enweghị olu, dị ka okpukpu abụọ na Welsh.

Ojiji ndị ọzọ

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A na-eji mkpụrụedemede ukwu L dị ka akara ego maka lek Albania na lempira Honduras. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe, ọkachasị n'ihe odide aka, dị ka akara ego maka lira Italian. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka akara ego maka pound sterling nke Britain (iji belata Latin libra, pound); n'iji ya eme ihe n'oge a, akara pound (£), nke dabeere na ya, ejirila ya mee ihe.

Nọmba Roman L na-anọchite anya nọmba 50.[3]

N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, mkpụrụedemede L na W aghọwo meme ịntanetị, na-eguzo maka mfu na mmeri. A na-ejikarị L eme ihe na omenala a ma ama, na-ezo aka na nkọwa okwu mkparị nke onye nwe ya. Were L, n'otu n'otu, pụtara ịnakwere mmeri a.[4]

Ụdị na ụdị dị iche iche

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N'ọtụtụ mkpụrụedemede sans-serif, mkpụrụedemede dị ala, nke edere l, nwere ike isi ike ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti mkpụrụedemede "anya"; na mkpụrụedemede serif ụfọdụ, enwere ike ịgbagwoju glyph l anya na glyph 1, nọmba otu. Iji zere mgbagwoju anya dị otú ahụ, ụfọdụ mkpụrụedemede kọmputa ọhụrụ (dị ka Trebuchet MS) nwere finial, curve n'aka nri na ala nke mkpụrụedemede dị ala ell.

Ụzọ ọzọ iji belata mgbagwoju anya dị otú ahụ - nke a naeji na mgbakọ na mwepụ, akara okporo ụzọ Europe na mgbasa ozi - bụ iji akara l, nke bụ ụdị mkpụrụedemede dị ala nke mkpụrụedemede "ya". Na Unicode, akara a bụ U+2113 ℓ SCRIPT SMALL L from the "letter-like symbols" block. In Japan, for example, this is the symbol for the liter. However, the International System of Units recommends using Unicode symbols U+006C l LOWERCASE L or U+004C L UPPERCASE L for the liter.[5]

Ihe ngwọta ọzọ, mgbe ụfọdụ a na-ahụ na Web typography, na-eji mkpụrụedemede serif maka mkpụrụedemede dị ala ell, dị ka l, na ederede sans-serif.

Ndị yiri ya

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Ụmụ na mkpụrụedemede ndị yiri ya na mkpụrụedemedo Latin

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  • Ihe nnọchianya ndị pụrụ iche nke IPA metụtara L: ??
  • Ihe nnọchianya IPA superscript metụtara L:[6]
  • Mgbasawanye na IPA maka okwu na-adịghị mma (extIPA):[7][8]
  • Ural Phonetic Alphabet-specific akara metụtara L:[9] U+1D0C Akara LATIN Obere isi L WITH STROKE na U+1D38 L Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ edemede isi L
  • l: E ji obere subscript l mee ihe na Uralic Phonetic Alphabet tupu nhazi ya na 1902[10]
  • A na-eji L na curl eme ihe na asụsụ Sino-Tibetanist[11]
  • William Pryce jiri L a tụgharịrị atụgharị mee ihe iji kọwaa ụda olu Welsh [ɬ] A na-ejikwa ya eme ihe na mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Romic.[12] Na Unicode, ndị a bụ U+A780 Akụkụ CAPITAL TURNED L, na U+A781 LATIN SMALL LetTER TURNED L.
  • Obere mkpụrụedemede l nke nwere ogwe aka ekpe dị n'etiti elu bụ nke British and Foreign Bible Society ji mee ihe na mmalite narị afọ nke 20 maka Romanization nke asụsụ Malayalam.[13]
  • A na-eji ọdịiche ndị ọzọ eme ihe maka ntụgharị ụdaume:[14][14][14][14][15][8][15][8]
  • A na-eji L a gbajiri agbaji eme ihe n'ihe odide Nordic ụfọdụ n'oge ochie[16]
  • Ihe nnọchianya ndị Teuthonista na-emetụta R:[17]
    • U+AB37 ꬷ LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH INVERTED LAZY S
    • U+AB38 ꬸ LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH DOUBLE MIDDLE TILDE
    • U+AB39 ꬹ LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH MIDDLE RING
    • U+AB5D ꭝ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL L WITH INVERTED LAZY S
    • U+AB5E ꭞ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL L WITH MIDDLE TILDE
  • L na diacritics: Ĺ ĺ Ł ł Ľ ľ 意 意 ̆ 意 ♡ 意 ː
1 Ọzọkwa maka koodu dabere na ASCII, gụnyere DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 na ezinụlọ Macintosh nke koodu.

Ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ

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Templeeti:Letter other reps

Edensibia

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  1. ↑ "L" Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition (1989) Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged. (1993); "el", "ells", op. cit.
  2. ↑ Ancient Hebrew Research Center. Archived from the original on 3 January 2015. Retrieved on 12 January 2015.
  3. ↑ Gordon, Arthur E. (1983). Illustrated Introduction to Latin Epigraphy. University of California Press, 44. ISBN 9780520038981. Retrieved on 3 October 2015. “roman numerals.” 
  4. ↑ L and W (27 September 2019).
  5. ↑ Unicode Consortium. Letterlike Symbols. Unicode Code Charts. Retrieved on 9 January 2019.
  6. ↑ Miller (2020-11-08). L2/20-252R: Unicode request for IPA modifier-letters (a), pulmonic.
  7. ↑ Miller (2020-07-11). L2/20-116R: Expansion of the extIPA and VoQS.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Anderson (2020-12-07). L2/21-021: Reference doc numbers for L2/20-266R "Consolidated code chart of proposed phonetic characters" and IPA etc. code point and name changes.
  9. ↑ Everson (2002-03-20). L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS.
  10. ↑ Ruppel (2009-01-27). L2/09-028: Proposal to encode additional characters for the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet.
  11. ↑ Cook (2001-09-20). L2/01-347: Proposal to add six phonetic characters to the UCS.
  12. ↑ Everson (2006-08-06). L2/06-266: Proposal to add Latin letters and a Greek symbol to the UCS.
  13. ↑ Miller (2021-07-16). L2/21-156: Unicode request for legacy Malayalam.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 Constable (2004-04-19). L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional phonetic characters to the UCS.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Miller (2020-07-11). L2/20-125R: Unicode request for expected IPA retroflex letters and similar letters with hooks.
  16. ↑ Everson (2006-01-30). L2/06-027: Proposal to add Medievalist characters to the UCS.
  17. ↑ Everson (2011-06-02). L2/11-202: Revised proposal to encode "Teuthonista" phonetic characters in the UCS.

Njiko Mpuga

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  • Media related to L at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of L at Wiktionary
  • The dictionary definition of l at Wiktionary
  • The dictionary definition of ℓ at Wiktionary
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