Okpueze Oba

Oba's crown

Okpueze Oba na-anọchi anya ọchịchị kacha elu enyere ndị ọchịchị Yoruba . A na-akpọ ya Adé, okpueze a kpara akpa bụ àgwà kachasị nke onye na-achị achị na akara kasị ukwuu nke nsọpụrụ na ikike nke ikike Chineke. An Oba's Crown may also be refered as an Adé ńlá, literally: Big Crown . Ade n'ala Yoruba bụ ngwo isi conical sara mbara nke nwere akwa akwa akwa akwa na ọnụ ọnụ nke na-echebe ma ọ bụ kpuchie ihu.

N'okpuru Ade bụ Akoro bụ obere coronets nke ndị ọchịchị mpaghara na-eyi n'okpuru suzerainty ma ọ bụ ikike nke ógbè ma ọ bụ mpaghara Oba, ma ọ bụ Obas bụ ndị bụbu ndị vassals n'okpuru Emperor nke alaeze ukwu. ^[1] Utu aha Oloja na Baale bụ aha abụọ a maara na-eyi Akoro n'ala Yoruba karịa Ade nke ha enweghị ikike iyi. ^[2] ^[3]

Ojiji

Ka emechara ya dị ka onye ndu, Oba Yoruba agaghị ekpughe ihu ya n'ihu ọha. Kama, ọ na-eyi Ade/Ade nla. Oba okpueze mgbe niile nwere abụọ eluigwe na ala atụmatụ. Nke mbụ bụ nnụnụ n'elu okpueze na nhọrọ n'akụkụ ya. Nke abụọ bụ opekata mpe otu ihu mara mma nke a na-egosipụta n'ụdị bead nke etinyere n'okpueze ma mee ya iji mata eze mgbe ọ pụtara n'ihu ọha. Ọtụtụ okpueze nwere ihe karịrị otu ihu na ha. Ọ bụ ezie na amabeghị ihe ha pụtara, a na-ejikọtakarị ihe ngosi na Odùduwà, ma na-atụ aro ka a ga-eketa akara aka n'etiti onye ndu na ndị bu ya ụzọ.

Okpueze bead (Ade) of Onijagbo Obasoro Alowolodu; Nche afọ nke 19 (1890); nkata nkata ya na isi akwa siri ike nke enyo enyo gbachie: ọcha, blue, green, pink, red-oroma, ocher na violet;Ezi ihe ngosi nka nke Brooklyn(New York City)
Okpueze bead (Ade) of Onijagbo Obasoro Alowolodu, Ogoga of Ikere; 1890; nkata nkata, ya na akwa akwa; Ezi ihe ngosi nka nke Brooklyn
Ọmụmaatụ nke a beaded royal coronet, (Akoro), Indianapolis Museum of Art. Akoro na- Iska obere mpaghara Adé, na- Micro fringe ma na-eyikarị ndị eze dị obere, ndị ama na ndị isi obodo n'okpuru Obas mpaghara dị ike.
Yoruba eje nke 19 ọla kọpa alloy (ọla) okpueze sitere naIperuna-agbaọsọ ụdị osisi Yoruba n'ụdị okpueze cone. A na-eji okpueze ndị a na- ike ndị nna nna nke ndị eze Iperu (Ijebu). Ihu anɔ ahụ na-ele anya na- anya chi ma ọ bụ ndị nna ochie na-ahụ ihe niile. Anya ha na-egosipụta na-egosi anya ime ime akọwa n'chiri anya anya. Akọbụrụ ahụ nwere ikike ụkwụ apịtị na-ezo aka na ike ụmụaka nke mmadụ n'ebe abụọ, ala na mmirika, ma ọ bụ eziokwu na ike.
Isi akwa eze ezeOrikogbofobụ ụdị okpueze ndị nna ochie dị obere obere, nke na-agha arọ ma dị egwu. Orikogbofo mezuru oru nke idebe isi oba mgbe nile, n'ihi na oburu na oba ka a hu onye isi n'isi. Ụdị a na-ewu ewu ugbu a n'ofe ndị Naijiria nke ndị eze dị iche iche na mpaghara ahụ na-eyi. Mgbọrọgwụ tassels nke akwa nhọrọ nke kwesịrị ichebe ihu Oba kpamkpam belala ka ọ bụrụ eriri dị mma ole na ole.
Okpueze ndị nna nna ndị yoruba (Ade Nla) nwere ihu n'ihu mara mma, ọnụ ọnụ ola nchara kpuchiri ogologo oge na ihe ndị nọkwasịrị n'elu yana n'ihu.

Ụfọdụ okpueze (a na-akpọ oríkògbófo) na-egosipụta mmasị onwe onye nke eze . Ndị a na-agụnye ihe nkpuchi a na-akpọ "nkịta-eared-one" (abetíajá), nke a na-eyi n'ụzọ na-eme ka ihu ya gbado n'akụkụ, na obere okpu ndị dị ka igbe pill, okpueze Europe, na coronet. Babatunde Lawal na-ede, sị: "Okpueze ndị ọzọ na-emetụta wig ndị ọkàiwu ụdị nke Europe, na-egosipụta mgbanwe dị egwu nke mere na Yorubaland n'etiti njedebe narị afọ nke iri na itoolu na 1960, mgbe ndị eze tụfuru ikike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ha n'aka ndị ọchịchị France na Briten. Ọkwa bụ emume taa, gọọmentị steeti ka na-ajụ ndị eze ajụjụ tupu emee mkpebi ụfọdụ Okpueze dị ka wig na-enye eze dịka onye na-akwado ndị ọ na-achị. ^[4]

Nnụnụ Motif

Ebumnuche nnụnụ na ọtụtụ okpueze nwere ihe ọ pụtara. Ọ na-echeta otú Odùduwà, bụ́ onye nnụnụ na-akọ akụkọ ifo na-enyere aka, si kee ala a na-ebi n’elu mmiri primordial na Ụlọ Ifè, bụ́ ebe o mesịrị ghọọ eze mbụ. Ọ bụkwa ihe e ji amata ọrụ eze dị ka onye na-emekọrịta ihe n’etiti ndị ọ na-achị na ndị òrịsa, otú ahụ ka nnụnụ si agba n’etiti eluigwe na ụwa. N'ikpeazụ, ọ na-ezo aka n'ikike omimi (àse) nke a kọrọ na Olòdúmarè nyere nwanyị mbụ (n'ụdị nnụnụ nke etinyere n'ime calash), si otú a na-enye ya ohere ime ka uru ahụ ike nke ụmụ nwoke na-eme ka ọ kwụsị. A na-ekwu na ike omimi a na-akpata ọ bụghị naanị maka ikike ịmụ nwa kamakwa maka ikike ya ịtụgharị ghọọ nnụnụ n'abalị ime ihe ọma ma ọ bụ ihe ọjọọ. Ya mere, site n'inwe akara nke ike nwanyị bụ isi n'okpueze ya, a na-atụ anya ka eze jiri ike ahụ mee ihe maka ọdịmma mmadụ nile. Nke a na-akọwa ihe mere Ìyá Oba (Official Mother of the King) ji chie eze ọhụrụ n'obodo ụfọdụ - iji gosi na ọ nwere nkwado nke ụmụ nwanyị. ^[5] Ụdị nnụnụ na-adịkwa n'ihe ndị ọzọ dị nsọ ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ dị mkpa dịka mkpara Osanyin .

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

Enwere akụkọ dị iche iche dị iche iche na-ekwu maka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ade, ma ọ bụ okpueze Oba. Ihe ọtụtụ n'ime akụkọ ndị a jikọtara ọnụ bụ na ha kwenyere na isi obodo nke Ile-Ife bụ "obodo okpueze" nke mbụ nke ndị eze Yoruba niile nwere ike isi na ya nweta agbụrụ ha.

Otu n’ime akụkọ mgbe ochie ndị a na-ekwu na tupu ọ nwụọ, Oduduwa, onye malitere na eze mbụ nke ndị Yoruba, nyere ụmụ ya nwoke okpueze okpueze ma zipụ ha ka ha guzobe ala-eze nke ha. Akụkọ ọzọ na-ekwu na mgbe Oduduwa mere agadi na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ kpuo ìsì, ụmụ ya na-ezu ohi ades nna ha ma jiri ikike nke ade guzobe alaeze nke ha. Akụkọ a jikọtara nbibi nke Alaeze Ukwu Oyo n'ọtụtụ ala-eze ndị pere mpe.

Beads na mkpa ha

Ihe odide okpukpe na akụkọ ifo kwuru na chi ndị Yoruba na-ahọrọ eriri bead ka ihe nnọchianya ha. Okpueze ndị yoruba, nke e ji ihe akpara akpa chọọ ya mma, na-egosi ike site n'iwu Chineke. N'ezie, ọ bụ nanị mmadụ ole na ole a họpụtara n'obodo Yoruba ka a na-ekwe ka iyi ma ọ bụ jiri ihe nchara, gụnyere ndị eze, ndị isi, ndị isi, ndị ụkọchukwu, ndị na-agba afa na ndị dọkịta obodo . ^[6]

Taa, a na-eji beads ndị nwere agba si England chọọ okpueze mma. N'oge gara aga, e si na Litingo dị na Upper Volta na-ebubata bead jaspa na-acha uhie uhie ma na-akpụcha ya na Oyo-Ile (Old Oyo). N'oge ochie, a na-eme bead n'Ile -Ife . ^[7]

Ndị nwoke nwere nkà na-eme akwa bead n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ Naijiria, ọkachasị na Efon-Alaye, Ile-Ife, Oyo, Ilesha, Abeokuta, na Iperu-Remo .

Enyere beads na usoro iji ha na nka na emume nwere ọtụtụ ihe pụtara na mkpa. Beads na ikpuchi onwe ya n'ime ha na-agwọ ọrịa: A na-ewere beads mara mma dị ka ọtụmọkpọ ( ọgwụ ) nke na-eme ndị agha ọjọọ. Iji yi akwa beads ( kele ) na iche iche shades nke red ( pupa ) na ọcha ( funfun ) na-egosi ma ntaramahụhụ na ọgwụgwọ ọnụnọ Shango, Yoruba chi égbè eluigwe. ^[8]

Nkà nke ịkwa akwa, ma ọ bụ eriri, na-agbaso usoro usoro na nhazi usoro nka nke Yoruba, ndọtị nke ụkpụrụ bụ isi nke ase . Otu bead n'ụzọ nzọụkwụ-site-nzọụkwụ ( leseese ) ma ọ bụ otu n'otu ( leto-lto ). Dị nnọọ ka ùkwù osisi (atoori) a kechiri nke dị n'elu ebe ịchụàjà nke ndị nna ochie na-egosi na-aga n'ihu nke ihe nketa ezinụlọ, beads na-egosipụta na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu site n'ọgbọ ruo n'ọgbọ. Mgbe ejikọtara ọnụ, beads na-anọchi anya ịdị n'otu na ịdị n'otu. ^[8]

Ka ha na-agba gburugburu ma na-achọ akụkụ nke ahụ mma, beads na-ezobe ma na-echebe ase mmadụ na, site na ihe atụ ha pụtara, nwekwara ike ikpughe njirimara ndị dị mkpa nke onye ahụ. ^[8]

Edensibia

↑ Johnson (1966). The History of the Yorubas: From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the British Protectorate (in en). Cambridge University Press, 8. ISBN 978-1-108-02099-2. Retrieved on 28 August 2023.
↑ Fraser (1972). African Art and Leadership (in en). Univ of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-05824-1. Retrieved on 28 August 2023.
↑ King Chronicles: Not All Crowns Are Created Equal (en). Obafemio.com. Retrieved on 28 August 2023.
↑ Lawal (2007). Embodying the sacred in Yoruba art : featuring the Bernard and Patricia Wagner Collection. Atlanta, Ga.: High Museum of Art. ISBN 978-1932543209.
↑ Drewal (1989). in Allen Wardwell: Yoruba : nine centuries of African art and thought, 2nd print, New York: Center for African Art in Association with H.N. Abrams, 33–39. ISBN 0810917947.
↑ Thompson (1972). in Douglas Fraser and Herbert M. Cole: African art & leadership. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 227–260. ISBN 0299058204.
↑ Ojo (1966). Yoruba Culture.
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 Drewal (Winter 1998). "Yorùbá Beadwork in Africa". African Arts 31 (1): 18–94. DOI:10.2307/3337620. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Drewal 1998" defined multiple times with different content

[1] Johnson (1966). The History of the Yorubas: From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the British Protectorate (in en). Cambridge University Press, 8. ISBN 978-1-108-02099-2. Retrieved on 28 August 2023.

[2] Fraser (1972). African Art and Leadership (in en). Univ of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-05824-1. Retrieved on 28 August 2023.

[3] King Chronicles: Not All Crowns Are Created Equal (en). Obafemio.com. Retrieved on 28 August 2023.

[Lawal-4] Lawal (2007). Embodying the sacred in Yoruba art : featuring the Bernard and Patricia Wagner Collection. Atlanta, Ga.: High Museum of Art. ISBN 978-1932543209.

[Drewal-5] Drewal (1989). in Allen Wardwell: Yoruba : nine centuries of African art and thought, 2nd print, New York: Center for African Art in Association with H.N. Abrams, 33–39. ISBN 0810917947.

[Thompson-6] Thompson (1972). in Douglas Fraser and Herbert M. Cole: African art & leadership. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 227–260. ISBN 0299058204.

[Ojo-7] Ojo (1966). Yoruba Culture.

[Drewal_1998-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 Drewal (Winter 1998). "Yorùbá Beadwork in Africa". African Arts 31 (1): 18–94. DOI:10.2307/3337620. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Drewal 1998" defined multiple times with different content

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