Fattore di crescita trasformante alfa
Il fattore di crescita trasformante alfa (TGF-α, Transforming growth factor alpha in inglese) è un fattore di crescita prodotto dai macrofagi, dalle cellule cerebrali e dai cheratinociti. Tale fattore di crescita risulta iperespresso in alcune neoplasie umane.
Il TGF-α provoca lo sviluppo dell'epitelio ed è strettamente legato al fattore di crescita epidermale (EGF). Si può legare al recettore del fattore di crescita epidermale (EGFR) con effetti simili. Stimola anche la proliferazione delle cellule neuronali nel cervello adulto leso.[1]
Il TGF-α è stato citato nel rapporto al Congresso degli Stati Uniti dei National Institutes of Health sulle cellule staminali del 2001 come una dimostrazione promettente dell'abilità delle cellule staminali adulte di ripristinare la funzionalità nelle malattie neurodegenerative.[2]
Interazioni
modificaÈ stato dimostrato che il fattore di crescita trasformante alfa interagisce con GORASP1 e GORASP2.[3]
Note
modifica- ^ Fallon J, Reid S, Kinyamu R, Opole I, Opole R, Baratta J, Korc M, Endo TL, Duong A, Nguyen G, Karkehabadhi M, Twardzik D, Patel S, Loughlin S, In vivo induction of massive proliferation, directed migration, and differentiation of neural cells in the adult mammalian brain, in Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, vol. 97, n. 26, 19 dicembre 2000, pp. 14686-91, PMID 11121069.
- ^ National Institutes of Health, Stem Cells: Scientific Progress and Future Research Directions, giugno 2001 (archiviato dall'url originale il 25 maggio 2010).
- ^ FA Barr, Preisinger C, Kopajtich R, Körner R, Golgi matrix proteins interact with p24 cargo receptors and aid their efficient retention in the Golgi apparatus, in J. Cell Biol., vol. 155, n. 6, dicembre 2001, pp. 885-91, DOI:10.1083/jcb.200108102, PMID 11739402.
Bibliografia
modifica- Luetteke NC, Lee DC, Transforming growth factor alpha: expression, regulation and biological action of its integral membrane precursor, in Semin. Cancer Biol., vol. 1, n. 4, 1991, pp. 265–75, PMID 2103501.
- Greten FR, Wagner M, Weber CK, et al., TGF alpha transgenic mice. A model of pancreatic cancer development, in Pancreatology, vol. 1, n. 4, 2002, pp. 363–8, DOI:10.1159/000055835, PMID 12120215.
- Vieira AR, Association between the transforming growth factor alpha gene and nonsyndromic oral clefts: a HuGE review (PDF), in Am. J. Epidemiol., vol. 163, n. 9, 2006, pp. 790–810, DOI:10.1093/aje/kwj103, PMID 16495466.
- Nasim MM, Thomas DM, Alison MR, Filipe MI, Transforming growth factor alpha expression in normal gastric mucosa, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and gastric carcinoma--an immunohistochemical study, in Histopathology, vol. 20, n. 4, 1992, pp. 339–43, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1992.tb00991.x, PMID 1577411.
- Thomas DM, Nasim MM, Gullick WJ, Alison MR, Immunoreactivity of transforming growth factor alpha in the normal adult gastrointestinal tract, in Gut, vol. 33, n. 5, 1992, pp. 628–31, DOI:10.1136/gut.33.5.628, PMID 1612477.
- Bean MF, Carr SA, Characterization of disulfide bond position in proteins and sequence analysis of cystine-bridged peptides by tandem mass spectrometry, in Anal. Biochem., vol. 201, n. 2, 1992, pp. 216–26, DOI:10.1016/0003-2697(92)90331-Z, PMID 1632509.
- Lei ZM, Rao CV, Expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and its ligands, EGF and transforming growth factor-alpha, in human fallopian tubes, in Endocrinology, vol. 131, n. 2, 1992, pp. 947–57, DOI:10.1210/en.131.2.947, PMID 1639032.
- Werner S, Roth WK, Bates B, et al., Fibroblast growth factor 5 proto-oncogene is expressed in normal human fibroblasts and induced by serum growth factors, in Oncogene, vol. 6, n. 11, 1991, pp. 2137–44, PMID 1658709.
- Saeki T, Cristiano A, Lynch MJ, et al., Regulation by estrogen through the 5'-flanking region of the transforming growth factor alpha gene, in Mol. Endocrinol., vol. 5, n. 12, 1992, pp. 1955–63, DOI:10.1210/mend-5-12-1955, PMID 1791840.
- Harvey TS, Wilkinson AJ, Tappin MJ, et al., The solution structure of human transforming growth factor alpha [collegamento interrotto], in Eur. J. Biochem., vol. 198, n. 3, 1991, pp. 555–62, DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16050.x, PMID 2050136.
- Kline TP, Brown FK, Brown SC, et al., Solution structures of human transforming growth factor alpha derived from 1H NMR data, in Biochemistry, vol. 29, n. 34, 1991, pp. 7805–13, DOI:10.1021/bi00486a005, PMID 2261437.
- Jakowlew SB, Kondaiah P, Dillard PJ, et al., A novel low molecular weight ribonucleic acid (RNA) related to transforming growth factor alpha messenger RNA, in Mol. Endocrinol., vol. 2, n. 11, 1989, pp. 1056–63, DOI:10.1210/mend-2-11-1056, PMID 2464748.
- Jakobovits EB, Schlokat U, Vannice JL, et al., The human transforming growth factor alpha promoter directs transcription initiation from a single site in the absence of a TATA sequence (PDF), in Mol. Cell. Biol., vol. 8, n. 12, 1989, pp. 5549–54, DOI:10.0270-7306/88/125549-06$02.00/0, PMID 2907605.
- Tricoli JV, Nakai H, Byers MG, et al., The gene for human transforming growth factor alpha is on the short arm of chromosome 2, in Cytogenet. Cell Genet., vol. 42, n. 1-2, 1986, pp. 94–8, DOI:10.1159/000132258, PMID 3459638.
- Lee DC, Rose TM, Webb NR, Todaro GJ, Cloning and sequence analysis of a cDNA for rat transforming growth factor-alpha, in Nature, vol. 313, n. 6002, 1985, pp. 489–91, DOI:10.1038/313489a0, PMID 3855503.
- Derynck R, Roberts AB, Winkler ME, et al., Human transforming growth factor-alpha: precursor structure and expression in E. coli, in Cell, vol. 38, n. 1, 1984, pp. 287–97, DOI:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90550-6, PMID 6088071.
- Ogbureke KU, MacDaniel RK, Jacob RS, Durban EM, Distribution of immunoreactive transforming growth factor-alpha in non-neoplastic human salivary glands, in Histol. Histopathol., vol. 10, n. 3, 1995, pp. 691–6, PMID 7579819.
- Walz TM, Malm C, Nishikawa BK, Wasteson A, Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) in human bone marrow: demonstration of TGF-alpha in erythroblasts and eosinophilic precursor cells and of epidermal growth factor receptors in blastlike cells of myelomonocytic origin, in Blood, vol. 85, n. 9, 1995, pp. 2385–92, PMID 7727772.
- Patel B, Hiscott P, Charteris D, et al., Retinal and preretinal localisation of epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor alpha, and their receptor in proliferative diabetic retinopathy, in The British journal of ophthalmology, vol. 78, n. 9, 1994, pp. 714–8, DOI:10.1136/bjo.78.9.714, PMID 7947554.
