Aquae cadentes Niagarenses
Aquae cadentes Niagarenses,[1][2] vel Niagarae cataracta[3][4] (Anglice Niagara Falls; Francogallice Chutes du Niagara), sunt trium aquarum cadentium grex, in meridianis Angustiis Niagarensibus iacentes, fines provinciae Ontarionis in Canada et civitatis Novi Eboraci in Civitatibus Foederatis coniungunt. Aquae cadentes Soleae (Horseshoe Falls), maximae ex quibus, etiam aquae cadentes Canadienses appellati, internationales harum civitatum fines coniungunt.[5] Aquae cadentes Americanae et aquae cadentes Flammei, minores, plane intra Civitates Foederatas iacent. Aquae cadentes Flammei ab aquis cadentibus Soleae ab Insula Caprina et ab aquis cadentibus Americanis a Luna Insula separantur, ambabus insulis in Novo Eboraco omnino patentibus.
Quae aquae cadentes, partes Fluminis Niagarensis ad septentriones una fluentes, ex Lacu Erieo in Lacum Ontarionem defluunt, et maximam proportionem fluendi habent ullius cataractae in America Septentrionali quae plus 50 metra cadit. Maximis peregrinatorum horis diurnis, plus 168 000 metrorum cubicorum aquae quoque minuto cadunt.[6] Aquae cadentes Soleae sunt validissimae aquae cadentes in America Septentrionali, per proportionem fluendi aestimatam.[7] Aquae cadentes Niagarenses pulchritudine naturali clarissimae sunt, atque energiae hydroelectricae magni momenti prosunt. Librare oblectationem, commercium, industriam desilientium aquarum ingeniarios aliosque cataractae administratores e saeculo undevicensimo magnopere tenet.
Aquae cadentes Niagarenses 27 chiliometra ad septentriones et occidentem versus Buffalo Novi Eboraci, et 121 chiliometra ad meridiem et orientem versus Torontonis, inter urbes gemellas Aquas Cadentis Niagarenses Ontarionis et Aquas Cadentis Niagarenses Novi Eboraci iacent. Quae cataracta genita et conformata est cum moles conglaciatae recederent, glaciatione Visconsiniensi (ultimae aetatis glacie) exeunte, et aqua ex Lacubus Magnis, nuper formatis, viam supra et per Escarpamentum Niagarense? ad Oceanum Atlanticum fluens eroderet.
Aquae cadentes Niagarenses artifices ad se tam allicebant ut, secundum Ioannem Howat, fiebant "res populo gratissima, saepissime tractata, maximeque trita, quae in pictura topiaria Europaea et Americana saeculis duodevicensimo et undevicensimo apparuit."[8][9]
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A General View of the Falls of Niagara. Alvan Fisher, 1820. -
Distant View of Niagara Falls. Thomas Cole, 1830. -
Niagara Fälle. Les chûtes du Niagara. Niagara Falls. Carolus Bodmer, circa 1832. -
Voute sous la Chute du Niagara – Niagara Falls. Circa 1841. -
Niagara. Fridericus Eduinus Church, 1857. -
Underneath Niagara Falls. Ferdinandus Richardt, 1862. -
Niagara. Ludovicus Remigius Mignot, circa 1866. -
Falls of Niagara from Below. Albertus Bierstadt, 1869. -
Niagara Falls. Gulielmus Morris Hunt, 1878. -
Niagara Falls. Circa 1880.
Nexus interni
Notae
recensere- ↑ Etiam cadentes aquae Niagarenses (Egger S. L. 101).
- ↑ Nomen adiectivum in binominibus animalium inveniuntur, inter quae Bumastus niagarensis et Calymene niagarensis classis Trilobitorum.
- ↑ P. J. Hollman, Quo tendimus? Studium historicum (Alcmariae: 1893), 55.
- ↑ Vide etiam binomen Stephanodiscum niagarae cuiusdam bacillariophyceae phyli Ochrophytorum.
- ↑ USGS 1995 Niagara Falls Map.
- ↑ "Niagara Falls Geology Facts and Figures". Niagara Parks.
- ↑ "City Profile for Niagara Falls, Ontario".
- ↑ Anglice "the most popular, the most often treated, and the tritest single item of subject matter to appear in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century European and American landscape painting."
- ↑ Howat, John K.; Church, Frederic Edwin (2005). Frederic Church. Yale University Press. p. 69. ISBN 0-300-10988-1.
Bibliographia
recensereGeneralia
recensere- Noyes, T. W. 1926. "The World's Great Waterfalls." National Geographic Magazine 50: 29–59.
- Schwarzbach, Martinus. 1967. "Isländische Wasserfälle und eine genetische Systematik der Wasserfälle überhaupt." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie Novae series 11: 377–417.
- Young, R. W. 1985. Waterfalls, Form and Progress. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie supplementum, novae series 55: 81–95.
Res praecipuae
recensere- Berton, Pierre. 1992. Niagara: A History of the Falls. Toronti: McClelland & Stewart. ISBN 978-1-4384-2928-1.
- Dubinsky, Karen, 1999. The Second Greatest Disappointment: Honeymooning and Tourism at Niagara Falls. Between the Lines. ISBN 9781896357232.
- Grant, John, et Ray Jones. 2006. Niagara Falls: An Intimate Portrait. Globe Pequot Press. ISBN 9780762740253.
- Gromosiak, Paul, et Christopher Stoianoff. 2012. Niagara Falls: 1850–2000. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 9780738576954.
- Holley, George Washington. 1882. The Falls of Niagara and Other Famous Cataracts. Londinii: Hodder and Stoughton.
- Macfarlane, Daniel. 2020. Fixing Niagara Falls: Environment, Energy, and Engineers at the World's Most Famous Waterfall. UBC Press. ISBN 9780774864237.
- McGreevy, Patrick. 1994. Imagining Niagara: The Meaning and Making of Niagara Falls. University of Massachusetts Press. ISBN 9780870239168.
- Strand, Ginger. 2008. Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781416564812.
Mythistoriae
recensere- Buchanan, Cathy Marie. 2009. The Day the Falls Stood Still. Voice.
- Urquhart, Jane. 1990. The Whirlpool. David R. Godine.
Nexus externi
recensere
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Situs geographici et historici: Locus: 43°4′48″N 79°4′16″W • OpenStreetMap • GeoNames • Thesaurus Getty • Store norske Lexikon • "958544" apud USGS • Большая российская энциклопедия |
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Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad pinacothecam imaginum Aquarum Cadentium Niagarensium spectant. |
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Vicicitatio habet citationes quae ad Aquas cadentes Niagarenses spectant. |
- Balon, Frank. 1999. Corps turned Niagara Falls off, on again." Engineer Update 23, no. 11 (November).
- "Historic Niagara Digital Collections." Niagara Falls Library.
- "Niagara Falls." History.com.
- ""Niagara's Power Goes Underground." 1952. Popular Mechanics Aprili: 115–117.
- "Niagara Power Vista." Niagara Falls Up Close.
- Panorama. Conspectus Aquarum cadentium Niagarensium in Queen's Park Toronti.