Mahabharatum
Mahabharatum[1] (scriptura Devanagari महाभारत, Mahābhārata) est unum ex duobus magnis poesis epica Indicae carminibus, duodeviginti libros continens, Sanscritice compositum, et longissimum litterarum universalium opus, quorum aliud est Rāmāyaṇa. Carmen est pars itihasae, et orationem separatim nomine Bhagavadgita cognitam continet (6.25-42).
De Compositio carminis
recensere
Mahabharatum, sicut Ilias graeca, non per scriptum sed per canendum a poetis compositum est, inter annos 300 a.C.n. et 300 p.C.n., plus minusve. In libro ipso, poeta Vyāsus nomine est auctor carminis, qui id deo Ganeśo dictat.[2] Non autem narrator est: de Vyāso narrat vates quidem, Sauti nomine, qui primus narrator est. Sauti fabulam audivit, abhinc multos annos, cum Vaisampayanus eam regi Janamejayo narrabat; Sauti narrationem Vaisampayani reddit.
Carmen versu sloco imprimis utitur.
Argumentum Mahabharati
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Quinque fratres, filii regis Pandu, cum centum patruelibus, filiis Dhṛtarastri, certant. Dhṛtarastrus, quamquam maior natu illo Pandu, caecus est, ergo non potest regere. Filius eius Duryodhanus vult regnum habere, quod maximus natu est filius fratris maioris regis. Yudhistirus autem, maximus filius regis Pandu, censet se regnum hereditate e patre accipere debere. Post bellum maximum, Yudhistirus rex fit.
Tabula librorum Mahabharati
recensere| liber | titulus | divisiones | insunt |
| 1 | Adiparva | 1–19 | Prolegomena; origo iuventusque principum |
| 2 | Sabhaparva | 20–28 | Vita regalis; ludus tesserarum; exsilium Pandavarum; aedificatio palatii (sabha) apud Indraprastham |
| 3 | Aranyakaparva | 29–44 | Duodecim anni exsilii in saltu (aranya). |
| 4 | Virataparva | 45–48 | Unus annus exsilii in palatio Viratae |
| 5 | Udyogaparva | 49–59 | Praeparatio belli |
| 6 | Bhiṣmaparva | 60–64 | Belli prima pars; Bhiṣma imperat Kauravas |
| 7 | Dronaparva | 65–72 | Belli secunda pars; Drona imperator |
| 8 | Karnaparva | 73 | Belli tertia pars; Karna imperator |
| 9 | Shalyaparva | 74–77 | Belli quarta pars; Shalya imperator |
| 10 | Śauptikaparva | 78–80 | Somnium (śauptika) Pandavarum; interfecti sunt ab Aśvattama Kauravisque |
| 11 | Strīparva | 81–85 | Nenia mortuorum a Gandhari aliisque mulieribus (strī) |
| 12 | Śantiparva | 86–88 | Yudhiṣṭhira coronatus; praecepta Bhiṣmae |
| 13 | Anusāsanaparva | 89–90 | Praecepta addita (anusāsana) Bhiṣmae |
| 14 | Aśvamedhikaparva | 91–92 | Yudhisthirae sacrificium equi (aśvamedha) |
| 15 | Aśramavasikaparva | 93–95 | Egressus Dhritarashtrae, Gandharis et Kuntis ad eremitidem (aśrama) |
| 16 | Mausalaparva | 96 | Pugna inter Yadavas cum virgis (mausala) |
| 17 | Mahāprasthanikaparva | 97 | Iter mortis (mahāprasthana) Yudhisthirae et fratrum |
| 18 | Svargarohanaparva | 98 | Reditus Pandavarum in mundum spirituum (svarga) |
Notae
recensere- ↑ Confer titulum Mahabharati episodii de Nalo et Damayantia narrantis: Nalus. Mahá-Bhárati episodium curante Francisco Bopp (1819) textus.
- ↑ MBh 1.1
Bibliographia
recensere- Badrinath, Chaturvedi. 2006. The Mahabharata : An Inquiry in the Human Condition. Novi Dellii: Orient Longman.
- Bandyopadhyaya, Jayantanuja. 2008. Class and Religion in Ancient India. Anthem Press.
- Basham, A. L. 1954. The Wonder That Was India: A Survey of the Culture of the Indian Sub-Continent before the Coming of the Muslims. Novi Eboraci: Grove Press.
- Bhasin, R. V. 2007. Mahabharata. National Publications, India.
- Brockington, J. 1998. The Sanskrit Epics. Leiden.
- Buitenen, Johannes Adrianus Bernardus. 1978. The Mahabharata. 3 voll. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press.
- Dhand, Arti. 2008. Woman as Fire, Woman as Sage: Sexual Ideology in the Mahābhārata. Albany: SUNY Press. ISBN 9780791471395
- Farndell, Arthur. 2003. A Mahabharata Companion. Londini: St. James Press. ISBN 978-1903843154
- Gehrts, Heino. 1975. Mahabharata: Das Geschehen und seine Bedeutung. Bonn: Bouvier. ISBN 3-416-01072-8
- Gupta, S. P., et K. S. Ramachandran, eds. 1976. Mahabharata: Myth and Reality. Novi Dellii: Agam Prakashan.
- Hiltebeitel, Alf. 2001. Rethinking the Mahabharata: A Reader's Guide to the Education of the Dharma King. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0226340538
- Hiltebeitel, Alf. 1990. The Ritual of Battle, Krishna in the Mahabharata. Novi Eboraci: SUNY Press.
- Hopkins, E. W. 1901. The Great Epic of India. Novi Eboraci.
- Jyotirmayananda, Swami. 1993. Mysticism of the Mahabharata. Miamiae: Yoga Research Foundation.
- Katz, Ruth Cecily. 1989. Arjuna in the Mahabharata. Columbiae: University of South Carolina Press.
- Kala, Jayantika. 1988. Epic Scenes in Indian Plastic Art. Novi Dellii: Abhinav. ISBN 8170172284
- Keay, John. 2000. India: A History. Grove Press. ISBN 0-8021-3797-0.
- Oldenberg, H. 1917. Zur Geschichte der Altindischen Prosa. Berolini.
- Krishna, Chaitanya (K. K. Nair). 1985. The Mahabharata: A Literary Study. Novi Dellii: Clarion Books.
- Lerner, Paule. 1988. Astrological Key in Mahabharata' Convertit David White. Novi Dellii: Motilal Banarsidass.
- Majumdar, R. C., et A. D. Pusalker, eds. 1951. The Vedic Age. The History and Culture of the Indian People, 1. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
- Mallory, J. P. 2005. In Search of the Indo-Europeans. Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-27616-1.
- Mangels, Anette. 1994 Zur Erzähltechnik im Mahabharata. Hamburg: Dr. Kovac. ISBN 3-86064-123-9
- McGrath, Kevin. 2009. Strī: Women in Epic Mahābhārata. Bostoniae: Ilex Foundation. ISBN 9780674031982
- Meenashi, K. 1983. Epic Syntax. Novi Dellii: Meharchand Lachhmandas.
- Mehta, M. 1973. "The problem of the double introduction to the Mahabharata." JAOS 93:547–550.
- Minkowski, C. Z. 1989. "Janamehayas Sattra and Ritual Structure." JAOS 109:410-420.
- Minkowski, C. Z. 1991. "Snakes, Sattras and the Mahabharata." In Essays on the Mahabharata, ed. A. Sharma, 384-400. Leiden.
- Oberlies, Th, 1998. "Ritual an und unter der Oberfläche des Mahabharata." In Neue Methoden der Epenforschung, ed. H. L. C. Tristram. Freiburg.
- Oldenberg, H. 1922. Das Mahabharata. Göttingen.
- Paņini. 1896. Ashtadhyayi. Liber 4. Covertit Chandra Vasu. Benares.
- Pargiter, F. E. (1922) 1997. Ancient Indian Historical Tradition. Londini: London. Repr. Motilal Banarsidass.
- Sattar, Arshia, convert. 1996. The Ramayaņa by Valmiki. Viking. ISBN 978-0-14-029866-6.
- Shah, Salini. 1995. The Making of Womanhood: Gender Relations in the Mahabharata. Novi Dellii: Manhoar. ISBN 8173040982
- Sukthankar, Vishnu S., et Shrimant Balasaheb Pant Pratinidhi. 1933. The Mahabharata: For the First Time Critically Edited. Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute.
- Sullivan, Bruce M. 1999. Seer of the Fifth Veda, Krsna Dvaipayana Vyasa in the Mahabharata. Novi Dellii: Motilal Banarsidass.
- Sutton, Nicholas. 2000. Religious Doctrines in the Mahabharata. Novi Dellii: Motilal Banarsidass.
- Utgikar, N. B. 1919. The mention of the Mahabharata in the Ashvalayana Grhya Sutra. Proceedings and Transactions of the All-India Oriental Conference, Poona. Vol. 1.
- Utgikar, N. B. 1922. The mention of the Mahabharata in the Ashvalayana Grhya Sutra. Proceedings and Transactions of the All-India Oriental Conference, Poona. Vol. 2.
- Vaidya, R. V. 1967. A Study of Mahabharat: A Research. Punae: A.V.G. Prakashan.
- Witzel, M. 2005. "Epics, Khilas and Puranas: Continuities and Ruptures." Proceedings of the Third Dubrovnik International Conference on the Sanskrit Epics and Puranas, ed. P. Koskiallio, 21-80. Zagreb.
Nexus interni
Nexus externi
recensere- Utilia et organa ad Mahabharatum legendum (anglice et sanscrite)
- Argumentum Mahabharati, anglice scriptum
- Textus sanscritus cum versione anglica, apud Sacred Texts