Piper betle
Piper betle (Lusitanice bétele < Malabarice veṭṭila[1]) est liana familiae Piperacearum, quae Piper nigrum et Piper methysticum comprehendit. Quod homines ob proprietates psychostimulantes[2] et medicinales multum aestimant. Fructus Areca catechu, foliis P. betle involutus, plerumque in Asia, et alibi in mundo a migrantibus Asianis, in forma buccellae masticatur. Recentius tabacum loco A. catechu adhibetur. Effectus nocivos esse constat.
Planta, in Indomalaesia sive et Asia austro-orientali orta, est liana perennis, nitidis foliis cordiformibus et amento albo praedita.
Cultus
recensere
Piper betle in plurimis Asiae Meridionalis et Meridiorientalis partibus, et in Papua Nova Guinea Melanesiaque excolitur. Res repens, firmamenti arboris convenientis vel longi poli eget. Eius cultus est peculiare agriculturae genus.
Notae
recensere- ↑ H. Yule, A. C. Burnell; Gulielmus Crooke, ed., Hobson-Jobson. 2a ed. (Londinii: Murray, 1903) ~ ~ pp. 89-90
- ↑ "Betelnut - stimulant"
Bibliographia
recensere- Fontes antiquiores
- 1597 : John Gerard, The Herball, or generall historie of plantes. Londinii: John Norton p. 1357 "bastard pepper, called betle or betre"
- 1753 : Carolus Linnaeus, Species plantarum (Holmiae: impensis L. Salvii, 1753) vol. 1 p. 28 (Latine)
- 1741-1745 : Georgius Everhardus Rumphius, Herbarium Amboinense (Amstelaedami: Chanquion, 1741-1750) vol. 1 p. 32, vol. 5 p. 336 et tab. 116; cf. E. D. Merrill, An Interpretation of Rumphius's Herbarium Amboinense. Manilae: Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Bureau of Science, 1917 p. 182
- 1807 : William Hunter, "Remarks on the Species of Pepper which are Found on Prince of Wales's Island" in Asiatic Researches vol. 7 pp. 383-393
- Eruditio recentior
- Guha, P. 2006. "Betel leaf: The neglected green gold of India." Journal of Human Ecology 19(2). [1].
- Camille Imbault-Huart, "Le Bétel" in T'oung Pao vol. 5 (1894) pp. 311-328 Textus JSTOR
- Marcello Spinella, The Psychopharmacology of Herbal Medicine: Plant Drugs That Alter Mind, Brain and Behavior. Cantabrigiae Massachusettensium: MIT Press, 2001. ISBN 0-262-69265-1
- Thomas J. Zumbroich, "The origin and diffusion of betel chewing: a synthesis of evidence from South Asia, Southeast Asia and beyond" in Ejournal of Indian Medicine vol. 1 (2007/2008) pp. 87-140 Textus
Nexus externi
recensere
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Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Piper betle spectant. |
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Vide "Piper betle" apud Vicispecies. |
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Situs scientifici: Tropicos • GRIN • ITIS • Plant List • NCBI • Biodiversity • Encyclopedia of Life • Plant Name Index • "Piper betle" apud Plants for a Future • Plantes d'Afrique • Flora of China • INPN France • Flora of North America • USDA Plants Database |
- Nuntia de betle apud Alcohol and Drugs History Society