Scrophulariaceae

Scrophulariaceae sunt familia plantarum florentium ordinis Lamialium. Plantae sunt herbae annuae vel perennes, floribus symmetria bilatera (zygomorphica) vel raro radiali (actinomorphica) praeditis. Scrophulariaceis est distributio cosmopolitana, plurimis in regionibus temperatis inventis, montibus tropicis inclusis. Nomen familiare in nomine generis Scrophulariae L. conditur.

Scrophularia nodosa

Plantae — Angiospermae

Eudicotyledones
Asteridae
Ordo : Lamiales
Familia : Scrophulariaceae
Juss.

Subdivisiones: Genera

Vide commentarium.

Familia olim in circa 275 generibus et plus quam 5000 specierum consistebat, sed sua circumscriptio penitus mutata est cum multae phylogeniae moleculares monstrarent usitatam circumscriptionem latam graviter polyphyleticam fuisse. Multa genera in alias familias intra Lamiales nuper transferuntur, insigniter in Plantaginaceas et Orobanchaceas, sed etiam in aliquas familias novas.^[1]^[2] Circumscriptiones nonnullarum familiarum Lamialium amplificatae sunt ut se ad genera ex Scrophulariaceis sensu lato translata accommodent.

Familia nonnullas plantas medicinales comprehendit, inter quas:

Genera

Tribus Aptosimeae

Anticharis Endl.
Aptosimum Burch. ex Benth.
Peliostomum E. Mey. ex Benth.^[3]

Tribus Buddlejeae

Buddleja L.
Emorya Torr.
Gomphostigma Turcz.^[4]

Tribus Hemimerideae

Alonsoa Ruiz & Pav.
Colpias E.Mey. ex Benth.
Diascia Link & Otto
Diclis Benth.
Hemimeris L.f.
Nemesia Vent.^[5]

Tribus Leucophylleae

Eremogeton Standl. & L.O.Williams

Leucophyllum frutescens
Leucophyllum Humb. & Bonpl.^[6]

Tribus Limoselleae

Barthlottia Eb.Fisch.
Camptoloma Benth.
Chaenostoma Benth. (aliquando in Sutera descriptum, sed a Kornhall et Bremer separatum^[7])
Chenopodiopsis Hilliard
Cromidon Compton
Dischisma Choisy
Glekia Hilliard
Globulariopsis Compton
Glumicalyx Hiern
Gosela Choisy
Hebenstretia L
Jamesbrittenia Kuntze^[7]
Limosella L. → Plantaginaceae → Scrophulariaceae (secundum Oxelman et al. 2005)^[8]
Lyperia Benth.
Manuleopsis Thell. ex Schinz
Melanospermum Hilliard
Microdon Choisy
Phyllopodium Benth.
Polycarena Benth.
Reyemia Hilliard
Selago L.
Strobilopsis Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
Sutera Roth syn. Manulea Thun.
Tetraselago Junell
Trieenea Hilliard
Zaluzianskya F.W.Schmidt^[9]

Tribus Myoporeae

Bontia L.
Calamphoreus Chinnock
Diocirea Chinnock
Eremophila R.Br.
Glycocystis Chinnock
Myoporum Sol. ex G.Forst.
Pentacoelium Siebold & Zucc.^[10]

Tribus Scrophularieae

Antherothamnus N.E.Br.
Nathaliella B.Fedtsch.
Oreosolen Hook.f.
Scrophularia L.
Verbascum L.^[11]

Tribus Teedieae

Dermatobotrys Bolus
Freylinia Colla
Oftia Adans.
Ranopisoa J.F.Leroy
Teedia Rudolphi

Genera inordinata

Brachystigma Pennell
Dasistoma Raf.
Hemianthus Nutt.
Leucosalpa Scott-Elliot
Phygelius E.Mey. ex Benth.^[12]

Genera exclusa

Genera sequentes, olim in Scrophulariaceis descripta, in aliis familiis nuper ponuntur:

Agalinis → Orobanchaceae
Amphianthus → Plantaginaceae
Angelonia → Plantaginaceae
Antirrhinum → Plantaginaceae
Asarina → Plantaginaceae
Bacopa → Plantaginaceae
Bartsia → Orobanchaceae
Bellardia → Orobanchaceae
Besseya → Plantaginaceae^[13]
Calceolaria → Calceolariaceae
Castilleja → Orobanchaceae
Chaenorrhinum → Plantaginaceae
Chelone → Plantaginaceae
Chionophila → Plantaginaceae
Collinsia → Plantaginaceae
Cordylanthus → Orobanchaceae
Craterostigma Hochst. → prope Linderniam^[14] vel intra Linderniam^[15]
Cymbalaria → Plantaginaceae
Digitalis → Plantaginaceae
Dopatrium → Plantaginaceae
Epixiphium → Plantaginaceae
Euphrasia → Orobanchaceae
Galvezia → Plantaginaceae
Gambelia → Plantaginaceae
Glossostigma → Phrymaceae
Gratiola → Plantaginaceae
Hebe → Plantaginaceae
Holmgrenanthe → Plantaginaceae
Howelliella → Plantaginaceae
Keckiella → Plantaginaceae
Kickxia → Plantaginaceae
Lagotis → Plantaginaceae
Limnophila → Plantaginaceae
Linaria → Plantaginaceae
Lindernia → Plantaginaceae; etiam in sua familia, Linderniaceis, descripta, secundum Haston et al. 2007 (etiam appellatum LAPG II).^[16]
Lophospermum → Plantaginaceae
Mabrya → Plantaginaceae
Maurandella → Plantaginaceae
Maurandya → Plantaginaceae
Mazus → Phrymaceae
Mecardonia → Plantaginaceae
Melampyrum → Orobanchaceae
Micranthemum → Plantaginaceae
Mimulus → Phrymaceae
Misopates → Plantaginaceae
Mohavea → Plantaginaceae
Nemesia → Plantaginaceae
Neogaerrhinum → Plantaginaceae
Nothochelone → Plantaginaceae
Nuttallanthus → Plantaginaceae
Odontites → Orobanchaceae
Orobanche → Orobanchaceae
Orthocarpus → Orobanchaceae
Parentucellia → Orobanchaceae
Paulownia → Paulowniaceae
Pedicularis → Orobanchaceae
Penstemon → Plantaginaceae
Pseudorontium → Plantaginaceae
Rhinanthus → Orobanchaceae
Russelia → Plantaginaceae
Sairocarpus → Plantaginaceae
Schistophragma → Plantaginaceae
Scoparia (planta) → Plantaginaceae
Stemodia → Plantaginaceae
Striga → Orobanchaceae^[1]^[17]
Synthyris → Plantaginaceae
Tonella → Plantaginaceae
Torenia L. → Linderniaceae
Tozzia → Orobanchaceae
Triphysaria → Orobanchaceae
Veronica → Plantaginaceae
Veronicastrum → Plantaginaceae

Notae

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Olmstead, R. G., dePamphilis, C. W., Wolfe, A. D., Young, N. D., Elisons, W. J. & Reeves P. A. (2001). "Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae". American Journal of Botany 88 (2): 348–361
↑ Olmstead, R. G. (2003). "Whatever happened to the Scrophulariaceae?". Fremontia 30: 13–22 in interrete here
↑ "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Aptosimeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .
↑ "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Buddlejeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .
↑ "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Hemimerideae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .
↑ "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Leucophylleae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Kornhall, Per et Bremer, Birgitta (2004). "New circumscription of the tribe Limoselleae (Scrophulariaceae) that includes the taxa of the tribe Manuleeae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146 (4): 453–467 .
↑ Oxelman, B.; Kornhall, P.; Olmstead, R.G.; Bremer, B. (2005). "Further disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae". Taxon 54 (2): 411–425 .
↑ "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Limoselleae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .
↑ "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Myoporeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .
↑ "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Scrophularieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .
↑ "Genera of Scrophulariaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .
↑ Besseya at GRIN Taxonomy for Plants
↑ Albach, D. C.; Meudt, H. M.; Oxelman, B. (2005). "Piecing together the "new" Plantaginaceae". American Journal of Botany 92: 297
↑ "Lindernia All.". A Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar. Missouri Botanical Garden and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle .
↑ Haston, E., Richardson, J. E., Stevens, P. F., Chase, M. W., Harris, D. J. (2007). "A linear sequence of Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II families". Taxon 56 (1): 7–12 .
↑ Nelson D. Young, Kim E. Steiner, Claude W. dePamphilis (Autumn, 1999). "The Evolution of Parasitism in Scrophulariaceae/Orobanchaceae: Plastid Gene Sequences Refute an Evolutionary Transition Series". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86 (4): 876 .

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Scrophulariaceas spectant.

[olmstead2001-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Olmstead, R. G., dePamphilis, C. W., Wolfe, A. D., Young, N. D., Elisons, W. J. & Reeves P. A. (2001). "Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae". American Journal of Botany 88 (2): 348–361

[2] Olmstead, R. G. (2003). "Whatever happened to the Scrophulariaceae?". Fremontia 30: 13–22 in interrete here

[3] "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Aptosimeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .

[4] "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Buddlejeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .

[5] "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Hemimerideae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .

[6] "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Leucophylleae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .

[kornhall2004-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Kornhall, Per et Bremer, Birgitta (2004). "New circumscription of the tribe Limoselleae (Scrophulariaceae) that includes the taxa of the tribe Manuleeae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146 (4): 453–467 .

[8] Oxelman, B.; Kornhall, P.; Olmstead, R.G.; Bremer, B. (2005). "Further disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae". Taxon 54 (2): 411–425 .

[9] "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Limoselleae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .

[10] "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Myoporeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .

[11] "Genera of Scrophulariaceae tribe Scrophularieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .

[12] "Genera of Scrophulariaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture .

[13] Besseya at GRIN Taxonomy for Plants

[14] Albach, D. C.; Meudt, H. M.; Oxelman, B. (2005). "Piecing together the "new" Plantaginaceae". American Journal of Botany 92: 297

[15] "Lindernia All.". A Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar. Missouri Botanical Garden and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle .

[16] Haston, E., Richardson, J. E., Stevens, P. F., Chase, M. W., Harris, D. J. (2007). "A linear sequence of Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II families". Taxon 56 (1): 7–12 .

[17] Nelson D. Young, Kim E. Steiner, Claude W. dePamphilis (Autumn, 1999). "The Evolution of Parasitism in Scrophulariaceae/Orobanchaceae: Plastid Gene Sequences Refute an Evolutionary Transition Series". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86 (4): 876 .

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