Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) proteins are non-selective cationic channels with a consistent Ca2+-permeability, except for TRPM4 and TRPM5 that are not permeable to this ion. However, Ca2+ is a major regulator of their activity since both channels are activated by a rise in internal Ca2+. Thus TRPM4 and TRPM5 are responsible for most of the Ca2+-activated non-selective cationic currents (NSCCa) recorded in a large variety of tissues. Their activation induces cell-membrane depolarization that modifies the driving force for ions as well as activity of voltage gated channels and thereby strongly impacts cell physiology. In the last few years, the ubiquitously expressed TRPM4 channel has been implicated in insulin secretion, the immune response, constriction of cerebral arteries, the activity of inspiratory neurons and cardiac dysfunction. Conversely, TRPM5 whose expression is more restricted, has until now been mainly implicated in taste transduction.
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Abbreviations
- AMPA-R:
-
α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxalone-propionate receptor
- calcin.:
-
calcineurin
- DAG:
-
diacylglycerol
- ΔV:
-
membrane potential
- ΔΨ:
-
driving force
- ER:
-
endoplasmic reticulum
- G:
-
G-protein
- GPCR:
-
G-protein coupled receptor
- IP3 :
-
inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate
- IP3R:
-
IP3 receptor
- KATP :
-
ATP-dependant potassium channel;
- mGLU-R:
-
metabotropic-glutamate receptor
- PIP2 :
-
phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate
- PKC:
-
protein kinase C
- PLC:
-
phospholipase C
- RyR:
-
ryanodine receptor
- SUR:
-
sulphonylurea receptor
- TCR:
-
T-cell receptor
- TRPC6:
-
transient receptor potential canonical 6
- TRPM4:
-
transient receptor potential melastatin 4
- TRPM5:
-
transient receptor potential melastatin 5
- Tyr-K:
-
tyrosine kinase
- VDCa:
-
voltage-dependant calcium channel
- VDNa channel:
-
voltage-dependant sodium channel
- VR:
-
vasopressin receptor
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Aknowledgments
We thank Simon Patrick for constructive comments on the manuscript. Christophe Simard is a recipient of a fellowship from the French Ministère de l’Enseignement et de la Recherche.
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Guinamard, R., Sallé, L., Simard, C. (2011). The Non-selective Monovalent Cationic Channels TRPM4 and TRPM5. In: Islam, M. (eds) Transient Receptor Potential Channels. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 704. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0265-3_8
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