Pierai

Pierai (gr. Πίερες) – trakų gentis^[1], siejama su brigais.^[2] Šie gerokai iki archainio Graikijos laikotarpio gyveno siauroje lygumų ir žemų kalvų juostoje tarp Pinėjo ir Aliakmono žiočių,^[3] miškingų Olimpo šlaitų papėdėje.^[4]

Išvarymas

VIII a. pr. m. e. makedonai išvarė pierus^[5] ^[6] iš jų pradinės gyvenamosios vietos. Šie pasitraukė į šiaurę už Strimono upės ir Pangajono kalnų^[7], kur įsikūrė naują gyvenvietę. Herodotas rašė, kad jie Pangajono kalnuose įsirengė kasyklas^[8] ir dvi tvirtoves^[9] – Fagrą (gr. Φάγρης, Phagres) ir Pergamą (gr. Πέργαμος, Pergamus). Jis minėjo, kad pierai buvo viena iš tautų, kurių kariuomenė prisijungė prie Kserkso kariuomenės.^[10].

Pierų kraštas, vadintas Pierija (gr. Πιερία) ar Pieridė(gr. Πιερίς) ir minimas Homero poemose, pagal legendas laikytas mūzų^[11] ir Orfėjo gimtine.^[12]

Išnašos

↑ Orpheus and Greek Religion (Mythos Books) by William Keith Guthrie and L. Alderlink,1993,page 62: „... Pierijoje pradžioje gyveno trakų gentis pierai, kurie pagal Tukididą...“
↑ W. W. How, J. Wells, A Commentary on Herodotus,6.45 ,„Βρύγοι. Šie trakų kaimynai Makedonijoje tikriausiai gyveno tarp Strimono upės ir Atono kalno. Genčių sąraše, pateiktame vii. 185, jie tarp Chalkidikės gyventojų ir pierų. Šios dvi ištraukos sutampa, jei vii. 185 minimi pierai yra šaka genties, kuri gyveno į rytus nuo Strimono (vii. 112). Scymnus Chius (434) ir Strabonas (326) teigia, kad brigai gyvena toliau vakaruose ties siena su Epyru ir Ilyrija. Galbūt jie buvo susiję su vrigais (gr. Βρίγες) (vii. 73), frygų protėviais.“
↑ E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 2,Στενήν—the Paeonians had possessed ‘a narrow strip on the bank of the Axius, down to Pella and the sea.’ Grote points out that this would leave hardly any room for the Bottiaeans, who dwelt north of the Pierians, between the mouth of the Haliacmon (the Indjeh Kara-su) and that of the Axius. Probably Thuc. is mistaken in saying μέχρι θαλάσσης, and the Paeonians did not extend so far east
↑ Strab. 7.7,"As for the Thracians, the Pieres inhabited Pieria and the region about Olympus"
↑ Archaic Eretria: A Political and Social History from the Earliest Times to 490 BC by Keith G. Walker,2004,page 154: "... 498-54)12' had incorporated coastal Pieria into Macedonia and expelled the 'Pieres', who af- terwards took up their abode in areas at Mt.Pangaion..."
↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, ISBN 0-19-814099-1,2005,page 865
↑ Archaic Eretria: A Political and Social History from the Earliest Times to 490 BC by Keith G. Walker,2004,page 154: "... 498-54)12' had incorporated coastal Pieria into Macedonia and expelled the 'Pieres', who af- terwards took up their abode in areas at Mt.Pangaion..."
↑ Hdt. 7.112, of the Pierians, one called ...... By going this way he marched right under their walls, keeping on his right the great and high Pangaean range, where the Pierians and Odomanti and especially the Satrae have gold and silver mines.
↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, ISBN 0-19-814099-1,2005,page 865
↑ Hdt. 7.185, As regards the land army supplied by all the nations—Thracians, Paeonians, Eordi, Bottiaei, Chalcidians, Brygi, Pierians...
↑ E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 2,Πιερίας—between Mt. Olympus and the Thermaic Gulf, the origiual home of the muses and birth-place of Orpheus.
↑ Orpheus and Greek Religion (Mythos Books) by William Keith Guthrie and L. Alderlink, 1993), ISBN 0691024995, page 62

[1] Orpheus and Greek Religion (Mythos Books) by William Keith Guthrie and L. Alderlink,1993,page 62: „... Pierijoje pradžioje gyveno trakų gentis pierai, kurie pagal Tukididą...“

[2] W. W. How, J. Wells, A Commentary on Herodotus,6.45 ,„Βρύγοι. Šie trakų kaimynai Makedonijoje tikriausiai gyveno tarp Strimono upės ir Atono kalno. Genčių sąraše, pateiktame vii. 185, jie tarp Chalkidikės gyventojų ir pierų. Šios dvi ištraukos sutampa, jei vii. 185 minimi pierai yra šaka genties, kuri gyveno į rytus nuo Strimono (vii. 112). Scymnus Chius (434) ir Strabonas (326) teigia, kad brigai gyvena toliau vakaruose ties siena su Epyru ir Ilyrija. Galbūt jie buvo susiję su vrigais (gr. Βρίγες) (vii. 73), frygų protėviais.“

[3] E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 2,Στενήν—the Paeonians had possessed ‘a narrow strip on the bank of the Axius, down to Pella and the sea.’ Grote points out that this would leave hardly any room for the Bottiaeans, who dwelt north of the Pierians, between the mouth of the Haliacmon (the Indjeh Kara-su) and that of the Axius. Probably Thuc. is mistaken in saying μέχρι θαλάσσης, and the Paeonians did not extend so far east

[4] Strab. 7.7,"As for the Thracians, the Pieres inhabited Pieria and the region about Olympus"

[5] Archaic Eretria: A Political and Social History from the Earliest Times to 490 BC by Keith G. Walker,2004,page 154: "... 498-54)12' had incorporated coastal Pieria into Macedonia and expelled the 'Pieres', who af- terwards took up their abode in areas at Mt.Pangaion..."

[6] An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, ISBN 0-19-814099-1,2005,page 865

[7] Archaic Eretria: A Political and Social History from the Earliest Times to 490 BC by Keith G. Walker,2004,page 154: "... 498-54)12' had incorporated coastal Pieria into Macedonia and expelled the 'Pieres', who af- terwards took up their abode in areas at Mt.Pangaion..."

[8] Hdt. 7.112, of the Pierians, one called ...... By going this way he marched right under their walls, keeping on his right the great and high Pangaean range, where the Pierians and Odomanti and especially the Satrae have gold and silver mines.

[9] An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, ISBN 0-19-814099-1,2005,page 865

[10] Hdt. 7.185, As regards the land army supplied by all the nations—Thracians, Paeonians, Eordi, Bottiaei, Chalcidians, Brygi, Pierians...

[11] E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 2,Πιερίας—between Mt. Olympus and the Thermaic Gulf, the origiual home of the muses and birth-place of Orpheus.

[12] Orpheus and Greek Religion (Mythos Books) by William Keith Guthrie and L. Alderlink, 1993), ISBN 0691024995, page 62

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