Demokrasi perwakilan
Demokrasi perwakilan (juo disabuik demokrasi elektoral atau demokrasi indak lansuang) adolah jinih demokrasi di mano perwakilan dipiliah dek publik.[1] Hampia kasadoan nagara demokrasi gaya Barat modern bafungsi sabagai suatu jinih demokrasi perwakilan: misalnyo Baritania Rayo jo sistem monarki konstitusional parlementer kasatuan.[2] Demokrasi jinih ko babedo jo demokrasi lansuang, di mano panduduak maagiahan suaro sacaro lansuang kapado undang-undang atau kabijakan nan ka diambiak, indak diwakian.[3]
Dalam demokrasi perwakilan, partai politik mamainkan peran pantiang katiko sistem pamilihan maharuskan pamiliah untuak mamiliah partai atau kandidat partai.[4] Babarapo ahli manggambarkan demokrasi perwakilan ko sabagai poliarki.[5][6] Babarapo ahli teori politik, takah Edmund Burke, picayo bahwasannyo tugas surang perwakilan indak sakadar mawakian pamiliahnyo, namun ikuik pulo manggunoan pamikirannyo jo paniliannyo surang dalam menjalankan kuaso, walaupun paniliannyo tu indak mancaminkan panilaian kabanyakan pamiliahnyo.[7]
Rujuakan
suntiang- ↑ Black, Jeremy; Brewer, Paul; Shaw, Anthony; Chandler, Malcolm; Cheshire, Gerard; Cranfield, Ingrid; Ralph Lewis, Brenda; Sutherland, Joe et al. (2003). World History. Bath, Somerset: Parragon Books. pp. 341. ISBN 0-75258-227-5.
- ↑ Loeper, Antoine (2016). "Cross-border externalities and cooperation among representative democracies". European Economic Review. 91: 180–208. doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2016.10.003. hdl:10016/25180
.
- ↑ "Victorian Electronic Democracy, Final Report – Glossary". 28 July 2005. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 December 2007. Diakses tanggal 14 December 2007.
- ↑ De Vos et al (2014) South African Constitutional Law – In Context: Oxford University Press.
- ↑ Houston, G F (2001) Public Participation in Democratic Governance in South Africa, Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council HSRC Press
- ↑ Dahl, R A (2005) "Is international democracy possible? A critical view", in Sergio Fabbrini (editor): Democracy and Federalism in the European Union and the United States: Exploring post-national governance: 195 to 204 (Chapter 13), Abingdon on the Thames: Routledge.
- ↑ {{cite book|title=The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke. Volume I|location=London|publisher=Henry G. Bohn| year=1854|pages=446–8